Mabaka a tsamaisa boenjiniere. mechine e boima: sebaka lintlha

Mechanical boenjiniere bo ke lefapha la senotlolo sa moruo. Ho fana ka mechine le thepa likarolong tsohle tsa moruo, 'me e boetse e hlahisa lintho tse ngata ba ntlo ea hlokahala botho ka bophelo ba letsatsi le letsatsi. A sehloohong sena a lintlha tsa motheo tsa tsamaisa boenjiniere le ka bohlokoa ba tsona bakeng sa ho hlahisa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea thepa.

Mechanical boenjiniere le - e le senotlolo sa ho ntshetsopele ya moruo ea sechaba

Mechanical boenjiniere bo thabela boemo laelang tlhahiso ea indasteri le ama ntshetsopele ya mafapheng 'ohle a moruo moo. E tsebahala ka boemo ba saense le theknoloji tsa naha le tšireletso ea eona. Linaheng tse tsoetseng pele, le boenjiniere crouches pota 35% ya sehlahiswa tebileng tse ruuoang. A tsobotsi e khethehileng ea lihlahisoa tsa boenjiniere le linaheng tsena ke tse fapa-fapaneng e khōlō ea thepa ea boleng phahameng ka ho fetisisa le tlhodisano lona.

Sebopeho boenjiniere bo rarahaneng le litšobotsi tsa lona

Mechanical boenjiniere bo na le sebopeho ena e rarahaneng le e na le liindasteri tse fetang 70 e fapaneng. libakeng tsa lona ka sehloohong li nkoa elektronike, liroboto, lipalangoang le mechine ea temo, lisebelisoa mochini, ho etsa thepa ea lifofane, locomotives le likoloi.

Machine-na le mohaho rarahaneng o sebelisa likarolo tsa bohlokoa tse amang lefelo la bokgoni tlhahiso. Ntlha ea pele, indasteri e ke ea bohlokoa ka tsela e sa ntshetsopele ya botsayakarolo (moetsi hlahisa mofuta o mong oa sehlahisoa) le tšebelisano-'moho (ha lik'hamphani tse 'maloa li sebetsa ka ho hlahisa thepa). Tabeng ya bobedi, ho na le lintlha tse itseng tse amang bewa ga boenjiniere le ho phetha molao feela. Ho itšetlehile ka ee rileng ya indasteri, motswako bona e ka fapana. Ka mohlala, dimela koloi hlahisa likoloi fela, empa o fana ka tlhahiso lona sebedisa dikarolo tse rekileng ho likhoebo tse ling. Tabeng ena, ntlha ea bohlokoa ka ho go bewa le boenjiniere likoloi ke hantle ntshetswa pele lipalangoang marangrang.

Mabaka a tsamaisa makala ea boenjiniere

Tsa moruo li tsejoa lintlha tsa sehlooho tseo haholo ama bewa ga boenjiniere le phetha molao:

• tshebediso ya tsa tšepe;
• basebetsi;
• tala lintho tse bonahalang botlaaseng;
• ho etsa lipatlisiso e matla;
• tlhaloganya sebaka mahloriso;
• moreki lebaka.

Hoo e batlang e le makala tsohle ke lintlha tsa sehlooho tsa boenjiniere le phetha molao placement ka matla ho etsa lipatlisiso le mosebetsi o boima. The karo-karolelano le chelete ea mabaka a mang bakeng sa e mong le e mosa ea boenjiniere le 'na tsa fapana haholo. Mohlala, ntshetsopele ya e rarahaneng ya temo ka hare ho naha thusa hore ho kholo ka tlhokeho ya thepa zemleobrabatyvayuschee. Kahoo, ho na le ke hlokahala hore ho atolosa mechine ea temo. Mabaka a tsamaisa liindasteri theknoloji e phahameng (elektronike, lik'homphieutha) di fokotsehile ho libakeng tseo ho nang le palo e lekaneng ea litsebi ba tšoanelehang le ho ba le monyetla oa ho phetha liteko tsa saense le lipatlisiso.

Classification tsa liindasteri le boenjiniere

E tšoanang lintlha boenjiniere le placement bakeng sa ba bang ba likhoebo e ka ba ea bohlokoa ka ho mosolotogamaano, 'me batho ba bang ama hanyenyane feela. Ho ea ka molao-motheo ona, tsa moruo le arohaneng indasteri ea mechine ka lihlopha tse tharo: boima, karolelano le palo yohle.

boenjiniere bo boima

mofuta ona wa ea indasteri le boenjiniere ba tšoauoa ka ditjeo phahameng tsa tšepe le ho rarahana e nyenyane. Tsena li akarelletsa ho tlhahisong ya tshwara lintho tse bonahalang, tsa meepo, metallurgical le meepo thepa, mechine boima, locomotives le likoloi, likepe tse khōlō. libakeng tsena tsohle tse rarahaneng le ke mechine e boima. Mabaka a tsamaisa ba likhoebo joalo - lintho tse bonahalang e tala botlaaseng le mosebedisi. Kahoo, ka sebōpeho sa ditjeo tlhahiso ea dimela tsena litšenyehelo tsa lihlahisoa tse tala tse tsoang ho 40 ho ea ho 80%. Ka lebaka lena, ba behoa haufi le likhoebo e metallurgical le limmaraka.

Tlas'a liindasteri boima le boenjiniere ae phethang e khethehileng sebaka matla le boenjiniere, e leng se etsang lijenereithara, turbines mouoane, litanka, dienjini lijana noka le leoatle. Companies libakeng tse joalo haholo-holo tse libakeng le hantle ntshetswa pele mochini-na le mohaho rarahaneng, moo haholo ba tšoanelehang mosebetsi basebetsi. Molao-motheo ona o ntseng li hōla moruong tlhahiso ea betloa ha thepa le mechine e boima. Ka tloaelo ho, dithekeniki joalo hlahisa batches tse nyenyane e le hore mochine-na le mohaho likhoebo tsa naha kapa counterparties tsoang linaheng tse ling.

Haufi le mosebedisi ya bewa joalo ho tsamaisa mochine indasteri ea ho haha, e le ho hlahisa motlakase le disele locomotives, likariki le likepe. Ho joalo, shipbuilding atisa ho likoung ha metsi a leoatle, le hoja ho indasteri e na le mathata a mang. 'Nete ke hore thepa e khethehileng e hlokahalang bakeng sa kaho ea likepe ea kajeno. Ka lebaka leo, shipbuilding e hlophisitse ka molao-motheo oa tshebedisano le lik'hamphani tse ling tse hore fana ka likarolo, dikarolo, 'me esita le itokiselitse entsoeng dikarolo lijana.

mechine bohareng

The lintlha tsa sehlooho tsa sehlopha sena zakwaterowania boenjiniere bo - bokgoni le matla. Ho akarelletsa ho hlahisa dikahare tlaase tšepe le tlhokahalo e khōloanyane ea manpower.

sehlopha li entsoe ka Medium Machine Building Company, tse tšoauoa ka e le ee rileng moqotetsane le e amanang le phepelo ea likhoebo tshebedisano. Ka mohlala, ho hlahisa thepa bakeng sa khatiso, lijo le khanya indasteri. Ofisi ea lekala e ka sehloohong ea Machine Medium ke koloi tlhahiso. indasteri ena hape manufactures Motors, dibering, motlakase le lintho tse ling D..

mechine kakaretso

sehlopha sena boenjiniere bo akarelletsa ho lik'hamphani hore specialize a ho hlahisa mechine le thepa ea theknoloji tsa lik'hemik'hale, oli le lifate liindasteri le. Ho boetse ho akarelletsa limela tse hlahisang sephethephethe le mefuta e itseng ea mechine ea temo. Ka sebōpeho sa mofuta ona wa ea tlhahiso chelete karolo e khōlō ea litsenyehelo tsa ho ba ho sebetsa tefello khoeli (30%), tse setseng ditjeo - lihlahisoa tse tala le matla. Kahoo, bewa ga ea likhoebo tsa sehlopha sena itšetlehile ka mosebedisi le palokatiso, limmaraka le mosebetsi o boima.

Ka mohlala, nahana ka boenjiniere le temo. Mabaka a tsamaisa indasteri ena - mosebedisi ya tlhokeho, lihlahisoa tse tala, ka dikgokelo ntshetswa lipalangoang. Ntho e tlang pele ntshetsopele ya le boenjiniere temo ke moreki lebaka. Ho tswa ho ba teng ha ho se ho hlokahala literekere, kopantse le mechine e meng ea temo itšetlehile ka molumo le boholo ba tlhahiso.

boenjiniere le Geography

Lintlha placement likhoebo boenjiniere bo bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ka moruo oa linaha tsohle, ho akarelletsa le tsohle jeokrafi lefatshe. Ka mohlala, libaka tse ngata tsa Canada, Argentina, karolo ea Australia, ba bang ba US bolela ka lilemo tse makholo li tsejoa libakeng tsa temo. Libakeng tsena ho na le ke ya tlhokeho phahameng bakeng sa thepa ea temo le mechine. A rejuvenation ka potlako 'me ka kholo ea ea baahi ba linaheng tse ngata tsa Asia le tšusumetso e bohlokoa ka placement bona ka naheng ea likhoebo, khetheha, ka tlhahiso ea lisebelisoa ba ntlo le elektronike.