Vardzia, Georgia: histori, tsa maeto le difoto

Tsamaea ka Georgia, ho ke ke ha khoneha a se ke a etela monna-entse mohlolo oa mehla ea Golden Age - ea sebele lehaheng motse, betliloeng ka mala a lilomong bohehang.

Matsoelintsoeke corridors patiloe ka bolibeng ba sekoting sa chankana, e leng ea baitlami ba khale le pokello e ikhethang ea frescoes le hoo e ka bang lilemo tse sekete tsa histori - e Vardzia. Georgia ke deservedly motlotlo ka libaka tsa lona moholohali ea histori Ranked mo tse 'maloa tsa liemahale hlaheletseng ka ho fetisisa oa mehaho ea boholo-holo le ea naha ea setso ea sechaba.

Ea boholo-holo Vardzia - mebala-bala letheba ka 'mapa oa Georgia morao-rao

Sebopeho sa naha Vardzia (Georgia) e haufi ho ea moeling Turkish ka boroa, haufi le motse eponymous haufi Akhalkalaki profinseng Samtskhe-Javakheti. Lehaheng Monastery otlolla e le phuleng e bohehang tsa Kura River (Mtkvari Segeorgia), le mahlakoreng 'ohle pota-potiloe ke lithaba hlomphehang tsa Caucasus. Ka boholo tsa Javakheti Plateau hlaha selomong Erusheti (fetoletsoe ho tloha melumo Segeorgia joaloka Bear Mountain), pitted leqhoeleng lehaheng openings le manholes twisty ea boholo-holo ea baitlami.

Tšimoloho tsomo tsa lebitso la motse

Etymology lebitso sonorous Vardzia hlalosa litšōmo 'maloa ea boholo-holo. lerato Special ea Georgians thabela tšōmo e le hore e bua ka Tamara ba banyenyane, ho bapala le malome oa hae ka mahaheng a baitlami emisoa. Lahleheloa ke pono ea ngoanana, monna eo o ile a qala ho sheba, 'me nakong eo e khosatsana mocha ka tšohanyetso a hlaha ka mor'a hae, a bua le mohoo oa "Ak-ssp, Dzyan" (Ke mona, Malome!). Lipina tsa thoriso tumellanong joalo thabisa morena, George, e le hore a ka etsa qeto ea ho bolela ka morali oa hae Qhobosheane mantsoe, khanya ea mofumahali e tlang.

Ho ea ka phetolelo ea e mong, e leng atisa ho khomarela ka bo-rahistori le, Vardzia lebitso tlisoang ke ho ea Persia "varjam" - jwalo Bapersia bitsoa baahi boholo-holo oa Georgia.

Histori ea kaho ea fortification ea boholo-holo

Histori ea baitlami rarahaneng matha theoha bolibeng ba XII la lilemo, ea puso ea Mofumahali Tamara, ea neng a le letsatsi hona hlomphang le Georgia eohle. Lehaheng motse Vardzia e ile ea hahoa ka fortification ka tšeptjoang etselitsoeng ho sireletsa Borjomi khohlo ka militant Mamongolia southerners. Tsamaiso ea tlhaho ea mahaheng tlas'a lefatše ea Thaba ea Erusheti fane ka motheo oa babatsehang bakeng sa bokamoso ba qhobosheane keneha, kaho ea e leng o ne a qalile nakong ea puso ea George III, 'me a tsoela pele morali oa hae tsomo Tamara.

Hang baitlami ba ile ka ho feletseng e patiloe ka mala oa lefika, o tlohang ka holim 'a ka labyrinth litemana ka sekhukhu. The matla ka ho fetisisa historing ea libaka tsena tšisinyeho ea lefatše e sisinya sebakeng ka ea qetellong ea lekholo la lilemo la XIII, a tlisa fatše karolo e ka ntle ea leralleng e, ho senola pele tse sa bonoeng ke sera, mehaho e toropong ea tempele.

Lesupi le morago ga moo e tlisoang ke tsoho Vardzia

Lekholong la tse latelang, naha e ile ile a ikhapela thepa ka makhetlo-khetlo ke Mongol le Persia mabotho, akarelletsa le senyehile 'me Vardzia. Georgia hopola kholo ka ho fetisisa mollo, tse lokiselitsoeng ke Bapersia ka 1551. koluoa ena ba bolela bophelo ba baitlami ba banna ba baitlami, empa, ho makatsang, etsa bonnete ba ho se shoe ha mokhabiso e ikhethang ea baitlami ea. Patiloe ka tlas'a frescoes le mosili le murals ka tsela e sireletsehileng pholoha.

Hapa qhobosheane lilemong tsa bo-XVI, ea Ottomans ena sebakeng sena ka lilemo tse fetang tse makholo a mabeli, tseo ka tsona nakong eo ea baitlami o ile a lula se se nang baahi. tse makholo a mabeli hamorao, mabotho a Russia retook tloha 'Muso oa Ottoman, e leng motse oa boholo-holo,' me tlasa arches ea tempele ea boholo-holo hape bubbled bophelo.

Matsatsing ana Vardzia - ka mafolofolo o ile a etela ke bahahlauli ba Segeorgia National Monument le matsatsing ana e tshebetsong baitlami. The khefu pele ka mor'a lilemo tse makholo tsa litsebeletsong tse khethehileng utloahetse marakong a tempele ka 80s morao.

Ho tloha ka 2004, Lekala la Culture hlophisitse tsosolosoeng ha ba naha eo, e leng nakong eo e tsosolositsoeng tekatekanyo oona tsamaisong concreted entse mapetsong ya nako. Bakeng sa merero e sireletsehile, baitlami ba le baeti ba ne ba emisoa eketsa struts. Nahana ho kenyelletsoa ha lintlha lehaheng motse ka UNESCO World List Heritage.

E tsoileng matsoho meralo ea mehleng e bohareng Georgia

Ho joalo le ka bofe bo hlollang Vardzia? Georgia na le e ngata ea baitlami lehaheng le mehaho e, empa le sebaka sena e le kannete e khethehileng. Sena motse ka tlas'a lefatše, enchanting moholohali le rarahaneng dibopeho tsamaiso! Multistorey Vardzia rarahaneng e kenyeletsa mahaheng tse fetang tse tšeletseng le mahaheng se hlahang ho yona tlhaho le e entsoeng ke motho, amanang ke le marangrang a literata le lithanele, ba siea limithara tse 800 ka bolelele le limithara tse fetang 50 ho theosa thaba.

Temple rarahaneng kopantswe likereke lesometlhano, pelo ea eona e ne e le hona joale ho na le tempele e ntle ea ho nkuwa ha Virgin. Ho phaella ho meaho bolumeli, libini meralo ea toropo lefika e kenyeletsa bolulo le utility meaho, liholo tsa ho jela, lilaebrari, libaka tsa ho tola le ho ikotlolla ho 3,5 km SE metsi a macha.

Ka ketsahalo ya tsokelo ea sesole ho keneha vaults qhobosheane ka amohela ho fihlela ho batho ba 20 sekete le mamella ho thibelloa telele, le o nkisang tsoa lithanele tse tharo lekunutu fana mabotho Segeorgia makatsa litlhaselo tse ka mabotho a sesole a sera.

Attractions lehaheng rarahaneng

Ha u botsa ka Georgians, eo hana bakang ho tsona le motlotlo haholo ea sebele, ba bangata ba tla araba: Vardzia. Georgia (moo e tummeng lehaheng rarahaneng, re bolelloa qalong ea sehlooho se reng,) go baya ka ditlhopha baitlami har'a ruileng libaka thahasella.

Kajeno e le hantle a 'na a ba setso setsing, a hlomelloa ka motlakase, litepising ea khotsofatsa' me balebeli ba sireletsehileng. Main monyako toropong lehaheng ke tse nyenyane tora-tšepe tora, e hahiloeng ka mor'a tšisinyeho ea lefatše historing. Ea mofuta ona e monyako o ka pele ea isang ho kereke bohareng khopolo ea ratang ka mainsail a maholo. Roesang moqhaka leboteng lona murals khethehileng le lifahleho tsa bahalaleli, Mofumahali Tamare 'me George III ke oa bohlokoa haholo bonono. The vaults ea tempele ba penta le litšoantšo tsa moetlo Bibele. Ho ea ka tšōmo, ho na le ba ne ba patoa Mofumahali Tamara.

Kereke ea nkuwa ho e teng tebileng ka mafika, 'me ka ntle a ka bona feela khoro ea mathule ka,' a aletare ipata nanarela ka re fallele ka kamoreng e nyenyane bakeng sa lisebelisoa le liaparo tempele. liphasejeng moqotetsane lebisa patiloe ka bolibeng ba lehaheng motse likereke tse ling tse nyenyane le litempele, empa mona ke selemo e nyenyane e fana ka metsi a sa baitlami ho sebetsa, moo kajeno phela ka lesometlhano baitlami.

Joalo bohehang Vardzia (Georgia). Attractions tsa sebakeng sena ha e felle baitlami khale. Sebakeng se haufi le motse oa lefika ka tloaela histori ea liqhobosheane le Tmogvi Khertvisi, etela kerekeng e khōlō ea X lekholong la lilemo la Kumurdo ketelo le ho feta boholo-holo lehaheng baitlami ea Vanis Kvabebi.

Vardzia (Georgia): mokhoa oa ho fumana hore ka lehaheng motse-baitlami

Haeba u khetha ho tsamaea ka tsela o ile a ea Vardzia, qala leeto molemo ka ho fetisisa ho tloha toropong e ka boroa ea Akhaltsikhe. O ka sebelisa tšebeletso ea koloi khiriso le fihla lehaheng rarahaneng ka lithahasello tsa bona. Leeto nka hora. Le eena a tsoang toropong shuttle diplomacy bese "Akhaltsikhe (Georgia) - Vardzia". Moo ho lula bakeng sa matsatsi a phomolo? Choice u na le e kholo. Ka tloaelo ho, batsamai ba lula ka e mengata ea baeti-matlo a sebakeng sa Samtskhe-Javakheti. O ka robaletsa ka hotels in nyenyane, lihosteleng kapa hira flats ea motse.

Haufi le baitlami rarahaneng ho ile ha buloa, hotel morao-rao le ntlo ea lijo Vardziarezot, nyehelo le pono e babatsehang ka lehaheng motse. Haholo-holo e tsotehang mahlong bosiu - baitlami e khantsitsoe le mabone khanyang. Ba bang ba bahahlauli ba khetha ho lula ka tenteng kapa robaletsa ka moea bohehang Segeorgia.

lintlha tse thahasellisang tsa baeti

• motse lehaheng bulehileng ho bohle ho potoloha setjhaba selemo, mosebetsi - ho tloha lihora tse 9 ho ea ho 19. Ka hlahloba kaofela lehaheng rarahaneng tla nka bonyane lihora tse 2,5-3. Tekete Price - 3 Gel (hoo e ka bang $ 100) bakeng sa batho ba baholo, tekete bana - 1 Gel.
• Rerile ho etela sekhukhu baitlami joang? U se ke ua amiss ho Stock ka ka toche - corridors tse ngata 'me litemana tse rarahaneng bundled ea lefifi sa finyellehe habonolo.
• Lehaheng e ntle pholileng esita le ka matsatsi a chesang hlabula, kahoo etsahalang tseleng, ba bonnete ba hore nka liaparo mofuthu.
• Tataisoang maeto a baitlami e rarahaneng ea Vardzia etsa hoo e batlang e mekhatlo eohle leeto Georgia.

Haeba u rera ea leeto e thabisang le e rutang ka ho e 'ngoe ea likarolo tse ngata tsa boholo-holo tsa lirephabliki Union ea mehleng - khetho ea hao Vardzia (Georgia). Photo bohehang botle ba ka tlas'a lefatše ea baitlami e le lithaba tse potolohileng tla khahlisa 'me u fe hopola lilemong tse tlang.