Thepa, lihlomo le ho loantša ho matla ea Japanese Air Force: Nakong e Fetileng le Kajeno

Lilemong tsa bo-mashome a mabeli e ne e le nako ea ho hōla matla tsa lifofane sesole linaheng tse ngata tsa Europe. Sesosa sa ho Air Force ne ho hlokahala hore States ho moea le lerumo tshireletso ya litsi moruo le lipolotiki. Ntshetsopeleng ya ntoa lifofane ile a hlokomela, eseng feela ka Europe. Lilemong tsa bo-mashome a mabeli - e le nako ea ho eketseha le matla a ea Japanese Air Force, eo 'muso o ile a boela a batla ho itšireletsa, mehaho mosolotogamaano le bohlokoa naha.

Kamoo ho bohle ba qala? Japane ka lilemo tse 1891-1910

Ka 1891, Japane e mechine pele fofang li ne li qala. Bana e ne e dikai le sebelisa Motors rabara. Ha nako e ntse, e ileng ba bōptjoa ke lifofane ho feta, tseo ka tsona mohaho ne koloi le pusher masokoana. Empa sehlahiswa sena ke Japanese Air Force ne a sa thahaselle. Lifofane tsoalo e hlahile ka 1910, ka mor'a hore bokella lifofane "Farman" le "Grande".

1914. The dogfight pele

Boiteko ba pele ba ho sebelisa lifofane Japanese sesole ho ile ha etsoa ka September 1914. Ka nako eo lebotho la Letsatsi bochaba, hammoho le Brithani le Fora ba hanyetsa Majeremane eme sebakeng sa China. Selemo pele ho liketsahalo tsena le Japanese Air Force merero fuoa koetliso e fumanweng tse peli habeli sefofane "Nieuport Ng" 'me e mong a mararo "Nieuport le NM" 1910 ho lokolloa. Hang aviaedinitsy tsena li 'nile tsa sebelisoa bakeng sa ntoa. Japane moea sebetsa ho 1913, pele e ne e lifofane tse 'nè "Farman", eo e etselitsoeng reconnaissance. Ha nako e ntse, ba qala ho sebediswa bakeng sa tshebediso ya literaeke moea ka sera.

Ka 1914, Jeremane moea lebotho la phethile tlhaselo ka likepe ka Tsingatao. Jeremane ka nako eo ho sebelisa e mong oa mechine ea hae ho fetisisa tse fofang tse - "Taub". Ha ba ntse ba etsoa phutuho ena lifofane Air Force Japanese atlehe 86 chanter le lahlela 44 libomo.

lilemo tse 1916-1930. Mesebetsi ya lik'hamphani difeme

Ka nako eo, lik'hamphani Japanese "Kawasaki", "go go nakajima saki" le "Mitsubishi" ba etsoa hore ba be le buka e ikhethang fofang sekepe "Yokoso". Ho tloha ka 1916, bahlahisi Japanese ke bōpile merero ho fetisisa lifofane dikai Jeremane, Fora le Engelane. Sena boemo ba litaba e ile ea nka bakeng sa lilemo tse leshome le metso e mehlano. Ho tloha ka bo-1930, lik'hamphani ba qala ho proizvodnje sefofane bakeng sa Air Force Japane. Kajeno, mabothong a hlometseng a puso ena ke tse ling tsa mabotho a leshome matla ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng ka bophara.

tsoelo-pele malapeng

By 1936, "Kawasaki" Japanese lik'hamphani difeme, "go go nakajima saki" le "Mitsubishi" lifofane pele li ne li hahoa. Japane Air Force se a ntse a mafahla-enjene bomber mata ruuoang ho hlahisoeng G3M1 le Ki-21 reconnaissance lifofane Ki-15 baahisane A5M1. Ka 1937, khohlano pakeng tsa Japane le China flared hape. Sena se fella ka hore ho thekiso ya likhoebo tse khōlō liindasteri Japane e le ho tsosolosa taolo 'muso holim' a tsona.

Japane moea sebetse. taelo ea

Hlooho ea mabotho a moeeng oa Japane e ntlo-khōlō ea ka sehloohong. Taelo ea e tlase ho eena:

• ntoa tšehetso;
• lifofane;
• mekhoa ea puisano e;
• koetliso ea ho;
• sehlopha sa tshireletso;
• teko;
• sepetlele;
• Japane Air Force counterintelligence lefapha.

Battle tsa Air Force hlahisa ntoa, thupelo, lipalangoang le lifofane khethehileng le liroala-nkhoana.

Taelo ea Sebopeho sefofane pele World

Bakeng sa nako e telele mabothong a hlometseng a Muso oa Japane e ne e le tse peli tse ikemetseng le e mong le tsa dibopeho tsa motheo tse ling sesole - the Army le Navy. Motataisi ea pele o ile a batla ho ba le diyuniti bona tlas'a taelo ea lifofane tsa lipalangoang tsa thepa tsa bona. Ho bopa bajari joalo ka Takinava ka munitions fektheri "Arsenal №1", eo e le makhotla a naha, ba ntlafala 'me sebelisa hape mopalami le mohoebi o teng likepe. Ba ea thusang ho bolela tsa lipalangoang le ba ho pharaletseng sebelisoa ho tsamaisa basebetsi le mabotho a armored fatše. Ka naha ea hae fekthering ena e ile teng boema-fofane tsa dibopeho tsa motheo e lumellang u ho ba le sejana lifofane.

Pele World Ntoa ea I ea lebotho la lifofane Japane ne sesole unit trust-holo - moea Brigade tsa Army. E ne e ena le squadrons (Ae). E mong le e nang le lifofane motso. Tsena, likoloi tse tharo tsa pokello ea. Palo e tšoanang e ne e le e mong kgokahanyo mola tsamaiso ea lifofane Authority (LA) le ne tlase ho General Staff. E mong le e lebothong leo ne a rerile ho mosebetsi o itseng: reconnaissance, moloaneli le mesebetsi legkobombardirovochnyh ea Japanese Air Force. Reconnaissance thepa le libetsa regiments baloa diyuniti 30 baahisane - 45. khethehileng aviagroup thehoa likarohano, tseo li ne airfields bona, trims. Ba ne ba a 'na a ka Army tsamaiso ea lifofane botseta. Ke laola ba balaoli ba ka nyolleloa boemong ba ho se tlaase ho feta motsamaisi oa sekepe.

kopanngoa ha makala

Ka 1942, ba ile ba felisoa ka Army tsamaiso ea lifofane botseta. Feela karohano, eo le likarolo tse ling tsa regiments o okametse taelo ea mosebetsi sebopeho. Pele ho Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše, 'me kaofela lifofane Japanese e ne e se mofuta o fapaneng tsa masole,' me o ne a o laoloa ho Navy le lebotho moemphera. E ile hang hlophisoa bocha lebotho la lifofane diyuniti, sephetho le kamanong e, kapa regiments (LH), ho ba le boemo ba tshebetso le mosolotogamaano:

• Pele Moeeng Army (BA) le setsi sebakeng Kanto le ntlo-khōlō ea Tokyo. Danae Japanese lebotho la laoloa le Kurile Islands, Korea, Taiwan.
• BA bobeli eme Xinjing. Area boikarabelo e ne e le Manchukuo.
• Boraro mabotho naha VA ba ikarabella ka Boroa-bochabela Asia sebakeng. ntlo-khōlō ea ne a eme ka Singapore.
• Bone BA laoloa New Guinea le Lihlekehlekeng Tsa Solomon. ntlo-khōlō ea teng ka Rabaul.
• Bohlano VA ile ka ba le sebaka seo a boikarabelo ka hare ho feleditse libakeng tse karolong e ka boroa le e ka bochabela ea China. Ntlo-khōlō ea - motseng oa Nanjing.
• Botšelela VA ne ntlo-khōlō ea lona sehlekehlekeng sa Kyushu. Laoloa tšimong ea - sehlekehlekeng sa Okinawa, Taiwan le ka bophirimela la Japane.

"Ea kamikaze" Air Japane

Histori ea lentsoe lena e fihla ka 1944. Ka nako eo, Japane o ile a etsa kopanngoa ha makala tsa lifofane. Ka lebaka la ho o teng regiments lifofane laetse ka meropa Japanese diyuniti khethehileng ho ile ha thehoa. E ne e le lebothong leo ea bombers le litokomane tsa semmuso ne tsebahatsoa e le lebothong leo "ea kamikaze". mosebetsi oa bona e ne e le ho timetsoa 'meleng diyuniti bomber mata tsa United States Air Force B-17 le B-29. Kaha mosebetsi oa eona e Japanese meropa Special Karolo ile a etsa sebelisa shapa basali pheleu ka boto lifofane tsa bona ba ne ba sa na le libetsa efe kapa efe.

Bakeng sa moralo la diyuniti joalo ke tloaelehileng lifofane fuselage matlafatsang ntlafatsoa. Ka histori eohle ea makhotla a moea la Japane ho ile ha thehoa meropa fetang 160 tsa lifofane diyuniti khethehileng. Tsena, 57 di se di thehoa motheong oa ho koetlisa likarohano moea.

Ka 1945, ke buuoe ile phethahatsoa "Ketsu-ea" bakeng sa tšireletso ea lihlekehlekeng tsa Japane ke mabotho a moea oa United States. Ka lebaka la ho kopanngoa ha makala oa mabotho tsohle li ne li kopanngoa ka sebopeho le le leng tlasa boetapele ba General tsamaiso ea lifofane M. Kavabe.

multipurpose ea mohlala

Har'a tse fapaneng ntoa lifofane lifofane e ae phethang sebaka khethehileng Mitsubishi F-2. Japane Air Force, eo a li entseng, o ile a sebelisa ea mohlala ona e le ho ruta le ho ba koetlisa, hammoho le e le moloaneli-bomber mata. lifofane le e nkoa e le molateli oa pejana maloudachnyh fapaneng F-1, e neng e le tsona bōptjoa ke moetsi Japanese "Mitsubishi". Go tlhoka mesola, ba neng ba sa F-1 ke 'nete ea hore ea mohlala ena e ile ea lokolloa ka mefuta e fapaneng lekaneng le tse nyenyane ntoa mojaro. Ha ho qapa ea mohlala e ncha F-2 bayemi Japanese, ke jwa ne tlas'a tšusumetso ea ka mo porojekeng American "Edzhayn phakoe". Ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore generated F-2 ke pono re hopotsang mochine lona - ea mohlala American ea F-16, ho nkoa e ncha ho hlahisoeng Japanese, hobane o na le ba bang ba se tšoane:

• Tšebeliso ea thepa e fapaneng kaho. Ka proizvodnje ya ea mohlala Japanese e tšoauoa ka ho sebelisa atile ea thepa e tsoetseng pele le likarolo tse ngata, e leng haholo ama fokotseha ka boima ba 'mele oa airframe ena.
• Lifofane Design F-2 fapane le ea F-16.
• Tse sa tšoaneng ka-boto tsamaiso ea.
• Ho fapana le ho libetsa.
• F-2 le mochine o lona sebedisa elektronike tse sa tšoaneng.

Moralo oa Japanese lifofane F-2 bapisa ka mokhoa o amohelehang le mochine bakeng sa tsela e bonolo ea lona, fokotsa le ho ikamahanya le maemo.

ea mohlala B6N1

Air Force tsa Japane ka Ntoa ea II ea Lefatše o ile a sebelisa e mong oa molemo ka ho fetisisa-mokatong hae torpedo bombers B6N1 ( "Tendzan"). Qala ho pepisa seriale sefofaneng eo e qala ka 1943. Ho ea qetellong ea hoetla ho ile ha hahoa lifofane 133. The disampole pele amohetse lebothong leo, e neng e akarelletsa lifofane bajari: 601 go th, ya 652, th, le 653 go th. Kaha ho ne ho le kotsi ea sebele ho tswa US Air Force sehlekehlekeng sa Bougainville, ho baetapele ba Japane lifofane, ho ile ha etsoa qeto ea ho fetisetsa mashome a mane B6N1 diyuniti ka Rabaul. Ka November, ka ho sebetsa ha ea mohlala ena, pele moeeng ntoa eo e ile lahlehile. Ho e-ba teng ka ho 16 ba hlometseng "Tendzanov". Ho bana, ba Japanese Air Force lahlehileng ba bane. Tlang chanter ba babeli e ne e boetse e na thuso.

moralo B6N1

• "Tendzan" silindara enjene hlomelloa le moea tsidifatso.
• Engine "Mamoru" e targeted ka 1800 k / s.
• The thepa ntoa lifofane tse emetsoeng ka holimo ka tlaase le e kenya tse pedi 27,7 limilimithara caliber lithunya.
• B6N1 bomo mojaro balwa ka lik'hilograma tse 800. Hona ho kenyeletsa torpedo (1pc) le libomo.
• Mopalami bokgoni - batho ba bararo.

Ntoa bakeng sa Lihlekehlekeng Tsa Mariana

Ka June 1944, Japane Air Force sebelisa mokatong "Tendzan" ntoeng haufi le Islands Mariana. Kakaretso ea 68 diyuniti nka karolo. B6N1 ea mohlala ka ntoa ena e ne e le torpedo-bombers le baeta-pele radar - ba ne ba sa gunner bakeng Percussion lihlopha tse khethehileng tsa lifofane Japanese. ntoa ena Japane le lifofane tsa lona o ne a lahlehile. Ya mahlakoreng 68 morao ho ea ka morao robeli feela ho lefisa.

Ka mor'a Ntoa ea Marianas lifofane Japanese boeta-pele, ho ile ha etsoa qeto ea hore e le mohlala lifofane sebedisa feela mabopong botlaaseng.

The khohlano ea USSR

Lifofane "Tendzan" ka ntoa bakeng sa Okinawa li ne li sebelisoa e le bombers le likoloi ea kamikaze. B6N1 lifofane ile a hlomelloa le radar e khethehileng. Ka lebaka leo, Japane tsamaiso ea lifofane taelo e fuoeng ea mohlala o ile a abeloa ho ea 93-limithara kokutai (Air Group), e entsoeng khahlanong le sebelisa libetsa tsa nyutlelie paterole. "Tendzany" Hape o ile a kenela kokutai 553rd. Japane Air Group Air Force ne e ena le likoloi tse 13 tse ileng tsa fella ka lintoa le lifofane tsa Soviet Union.

Ho sa tsotellehe entsprechen lona o positive botekgeniki, e Japanese "Tendzany" o na le mosing, e ne e ena le ho etsa khetho e fokolang ya ya engine. Sena se liehisa tshebetso B6N1 selelekela ka tlhahiso. Ka lebaka leo, o ile a ntša ea mohlala haholo lagged morao lifofane lireng.

Japanese moea likepe

Ka 1975, ho basebetsi ba lebotho la moea oa Japane e ne e ena le batho ba 45 sekete. Combat likepe ne diyuniti 500. Tsena, 60 e matleng a hae ho bo-ralitima-mechine F-4EJ, 170 diyuniti F10- 4J le 250 F-86F. Sebediswa bakeng sa diphuputso ea mohlala RF-4E le RF-86F (20 diyuniti). Japane Air bakeng sa ho tsamaisa thepa le maqeba ile a fana ka lifofane mechine 35 le liroala-nkhoana 20 150 Pu zur Hajk-J. Ha ke le sekolong lehlabula, ho ne ho 350 sefofane. Bakeng sa dulang ka lahla taelo Japanese moea ne airbases 15 le airfields.

Ka 2012, palo ea basebetsi e fokotseha ho tloha 45 000 ho 43 700. Likepe tsa Taba ea bohlokoa e ile ea eketseha (200 diyuniti).

Japane Air Force kajeno na diyuniti 700, ho akarelletsa le:

• 260 - le e etsoang ka maqiti ralitima selotlolo karolo ea;
• 200 - stormtroopers le thuto ho fana ka koetliso ea mohlala;
• 17 - AWACS lifofane;
• 7 - ea mohlala jereng-le-moea bohlale;
• 4 - mosolotogamaano sekepeng se tsamaisang thepa;
• 44 - sesole-ho tsamaisa mechine.

ma mwango Defense

Fokotsa palo ea basebetsi le ho atolosoa ha likepe ntoa lifofane bontša tlwaetso ba mabotho a moeeng oa Japane ha se ka boima 'me ka ntlha ya tshusumetso. Ho latela leano e ncha bakeng sa tshireletso, ho Air Force ke ke eketsa matla a ho itšireletsa, 'me e tla fallela lebothong leo lona ka ho lebisa tlhokomelo bona ka maemo a maqiti e loketseng. Se seng sa libaka tsena ke sehlekehleke Ryuko. Bohato ba bobeli ka mesebetsi Air Taelo ea tla rua ea bohlano-molokong o mong ka baahisane lifofane.