Ke thepa nomenclature tsa mosebetsi tsoang linaheng tse ling a moruo ke efe?

E mong le e ya ka yuniti ya sehlahiswa, o entse ho tsoa ka meetlo posts by, feta e khethehileng thulaganyou e boitsebahatso. Ka lebaka leo, e fumaneng khoutu ya thepa nomenclature tsa mosebetsi tsoang linaheng tse ling a moruo. Tsamaiso ena e etsoa tlas'a hona joale Russia molao dumella letoto la ditransekshene moruo. Tsena li akarelletsa, ka ho khetheha, e kenyeletsa ditefello tse, litšenyehelo tsa tlhaloso, moralo le tlalehelang. Ho phaella moo, e le 'ngoe thepa nomenclature tsa mosebetsi tsoang linaheng tse ling a moruo (CN FEA) re lumella hore re ho ithuta sebōpeho sa khoebo ea machaba.

Features ya morao-rao Russia TN VED

Motheong sebelisitsoe ka Serussia Federation meetlo ba boholong HS, o ile a sebeletsa e le mokhoa oa lefatše oa tlhophiso le tlhaloso e qaqileng ea diyuniti tlhahiso. Ea kajeno thepa nomenclature tsa mosebetsi tsoang linaheng tse ling a moruo oa Federation ea Russia e arotsoe ka likarolo tse 21 le lihlopha tse 97. Ba kopane ka molao-motheo oa e ikhethang ea litšobotsi tsa diyuniti sehlahiswa. The dihlahlobo tse sebelisitsoeng ka kaho ea tsamaiso ea tlhophiso tse:

- ho hlahisa thepa e lintho tse bonahalang;

- tsa motheo tsa mesebetsi tshebetso;

- moetso.

The atileng ka ho fetisisa ya ka yuniti ya tekanyo ke thepa boima, a bontša hore ka dikilogeramo.

Ha u abela ho ngollana sehlahisoa khoutu TN VED ke likarolo tse tharo:

- nomenclature;

- Notes ho Group le likarohano;

- melao ho beha mesebetsi ea motheo sehlahisoa.

Misclassification ke mme bo hlalosang ya data e fosahetseng ka phatlalatso e tla akarelletsa eng melato tlasa hona joale Russia le etsang molao.

Mesebetsi ya HS le HS

The thepa nomenclature a moruo moo koloi baditjhaba unifies lihlahisoa tsohle imported le bonngoe hohle ea sechaba. Ka lebaka leo, sena se etsa bonnete ba sebeletsana tsamaiso ea lefatše thepa. Sena, le eena, e ama bokgoni sa khoebo ea machaba. Boholo ba linaha tse ling tse le mekgatlo ya basebetsi meetlo, sebedisa mosebetsing oa hae e le ba bokahohleng lumellana System (HS). A li entseng le kenngwa tshebetsong tsamaiso kakaretso le melao bakeng sa ho abela thepa nomenclature linomoro. boemo gs e tsitsitseng ka tokisetso e khethehileng ea kopano ea machaba. Fetoheng molaong e nomenclature neng li tloaelehile haholo go tlhofofadiwa kgwebo ya pakeng tsa bafo ba 'maraka oa lefatše.

Tshebediso ya HS ka litloaelo rengwa

The thepa nomenclature tsa mosebetsi tsoang linaheng tse ling a moruo, e sebelisoa ke linaha tse ngata, ka ho hlaka botjwa ho qaqileng. Ka motheong oa lona, bohle lekhetho la kaho lihlahisoa mosebetsing. Mabapi le tsamaiso ena e tlhophiso ke motheo le atlehang ka ho fetisisa mekhoa ea ho sebopeho sa leano tloaelehile hore batho ba puso, lekala la ditefiso le meetlo ea molao oa tsamaiso. Machaba Trade Sebopeho se sebelisa mekhoa e itseng tšusumetso tse rekisoang lefatše (bobeli ka kakaretso le ka bafo ba oona ba). Tsena li akarelletsa:

- molao oa tsamaiso ya ditefiso meetlo kapa makhetho;

- ho qaloa ho lilekane moedi le ditumellano tsa pakeng tsa barupeluoa ba 'maraka;

- mehato ikemiseditse ho eketseha ho naha kapa ya diyantle.

Meetlo-ditefiso le mehato bao e seng ditefiso molao oa tsamaiso motheong oa HS

Trade kantle ho naha ea Federation ea Russia e laoloa ke molao ho hlokehang. E le karolo ea molao oa tsamaiso le ba lumelloa ho sebelisa ditefiso le mekhoa nontariff. Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa meetlo le mekhoa ditefiso ke ya tshireletso le ntshetsopele ya marakeng ka hare. mekhoa bao e seng ditefiso tse bontšitsoeng ka mokgwa wa e busang ka ka melao-motheo ea puso, mmeedi tseo bohlokoa le ke diyantle tsa thepa boletsweng nomenclatures. The thepa nomenclature tsa mosebetsi tsoang linaheng tse ling a moruo ke elements lichelete tsa molao oa tsamaiso ea khoebo ea bophahamo ba modumo le linaheng tse ling tsa ho tloha boemong ba ho. Ka motheong oa lona lipalo litšenyehelo li thehoa bakeng sa mofuta o itseng oa thepa. Leha ho le joalo, meetlo le ditefiso molao oa tsamaiso ya mmuso e se Sepheo se seholo sa HS. Haholo-holo thepa nomenclature tsa mosebetsi tsoang linaheng tse ling a moruo ka fokotsa ditjeo nako ea meetlo rengwa. Ho phaella moo, ho ka re thusa hore ho ntlafatsa boleng ba tšebeletso, lula lipalo-palo le melao ea machaba.

Globalization tsa 'maraka lefatše e qobelloang litho tsa eona ho batla liletsa tse ncha tsa ho laola motsamao oa thepa. Ho ne ho hlokahala ho boloka direkoto tsa motsamao oa lintho tse kotsi bophelong ba batho, hammoho le mefuta e, a eme ka makhatheng a ho timela likokoana-hloko. Ka lebaka leo, ka lebaka la mekgwa machaba tsa molao o ile a qala ho hlaha oona tsamaisong boitsebiso bo eketsehileng ka tlhophiso ea lefatše, ba bua haholo-holo ka morero oa ea meetlo mele oa bafo ba 'marakeng interstate. Ka nako e tšoanang e ho hlokomelwa le monyetla ho fetoloa ka kakaretso sa tsoaneng e sebopeho le litlhoko tsa motho ka mong 'maraka, ntle le ho hatakela melao-motheo ea nomenclature machaba.

mesebetsi HS

The thepa nomenclature tsa mosebetsi tsoang linaheng tse ling a moruo e na le tlhaloso e qaqileng ea diyuniti la tlhahiso le tlhophiso lona hore e be boleng ditsitithale (litlhaku tse 10). Sena ke ho hlokahala hore ho bebofatsa mosebetsi wa dithulaganyo tse latelang:

- meetlo le molao oa tsamaiso ditefiso;

- laola batho bao e seng ditefiso;

- lithuto dipalopalo;

- sebopeho sa dintlha tsa digital ea tsamaiso.

Tshebediso ya HS ka ngoliso ea meetlo phatlalatso ya thepa, u ka:

- e momahaneng mokgwathupelo tlhophiso ea lihlahisoa;

- ka nepo a bale tekanyo ea mesebetsi meetlo;

- ho bokella hlokahalang sephutheloana le ho tsamaea le ditokomane bakeng sa lihlahisoa;

- ho sebetsa le ho hlophisa boitsebiso bo mabapi le sehlahisoa etsa lipatlisiso dipalopalo.

Lipalo-palo meetlo

Russia Tsoang linaheng tse ling mosebetsi ya moruo e laolwa ka lipalo-palo meetlo, motheo oa ho sebopeho seo ka sona ke tlhophiso ho ea ka HS. Sebedisa tsamaiso ena tlhophiso lumella u ho fihlela maikemisetso a latelang:

- ho boloka direkoto tsa lihlahisoa tsa hore li fetile taolo meetlo;

- ho hlahisa molao oa tsamaiso bao e seng ditefiso tsa bohlokoa kapa ke diyantle dithulaganyo;

- ho araba hang-hang ho liphetoho 'marakeng oa lefatše lohle.

Ho na le ba khethehileng ntshetswa pele le e amohelehang mokhoa oa ho bokella meetlo lipalo-palo ka Russia. E sebediswa bakeng sa sepheo le e nakong sebopeho sa dipalopalo meetlo, koetliso tsa likoleke e khethehileng le tshekatsheko. Ho ea ka bona, ho etsa hore ho ithuta le ho hlahloba le likamano tsa khoebo ea Russia le balekane lona 'marakeng - linaheng tse ling. The dipalopalo meetlo kenyeletsa dihlahiswa feela, ha ho lokisa khoebo e ditshebeletso.