Boemo libaka tsa Urals: specifics le peculiarities

Ho ea ka encyclopedia e ', e leng Ural Mountains ke tsamaiso ea hore o arola Bochabela European le West Siberia lithoteng. Bolelele ba eona e feta km 2.000, 'me ho latela mehloli e meng, ho ke ke esita le ho feta 2500 km SE (Mugodzhary fanoeng mekoloko ho ea ka boroa le Pai-Khoi ka leboea). Bophara ba lithaba ke 40-200 km SE.

litšobotsi tse akaretsang

The Ural Lithaba li har'a ba boholo-holo ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng. Ke ka lebaka leo ba ile ba ba tlaase ho feta tsa Andes kapa Tibet. Age Urals na le lilemo tse fetang tse limilione tse 600. Nakong ena nako ena e telele le tlas'a tšusumetso ea pula, moea le ho ritsa ha lefatse maporogo ne hantle timetsoa. Boemo libaka tsa Urals e itseng haholo ka ho lintlha tse sa lipolotiki le tsa moruo tsa pono. Empa ho feta ka hore tlase. sebakeng seo ke a ruile haholo ka liminerale, li fumanoa mobung tsa koporo, thaethaniamo, magnesium, oli, mashala, bauxite, 'me ba bang. Ka palo yohle, ho na le ka bang litsebi tse mashome a tšeletseng mahlonoko tseo ho leng ea tšepe le liminerale.

History of sibolloa

Ho ea ka histori ea molao, le Ural Mountains ile ha fumanoa ba boholo-holo. Ka nako e tšoanang, bo-rasaense ba li bua ka bona direkoto ka bona ka Segerike. Ba bua ka lithaba Rhipaean (kapa Riphaeus) Imaus le Hyperborean. Kajeno ho ke ke ha khoneha ho bona hore seo ke karolo ea Urals bo-rasaense ba re Roma le ea boholo-holo Greece, hobane tlaleho bona ka ho enneng e lohellane le lipale tse sa tšoaneng gospel, litšōmo, 'me esita le litšōmo totobetseng. Ba e-s'o ho libaka tsena, empa utloa ka ba molomong oa boraro. Leha ho le joalo, haeba u lumela ka litšōmo tsa batho ba neng ba lula Urals, batho ba ile ba lula tšimong ena e telele pele ho hlaha ha Greece ea boholo-holo. Hamorao mehloli Arab bolella ka naheng Yugra, moo batho ba phela Jurassic. Hape ka Urals le bo-rasaense ba bolela tlhaloso linaheng tse kang Bulgaria, Visa, Yajuji, Ma'jooj le ba bang. Ka mehloli eohle Arab re libaka tsena leo ho ahiloeng ho ke batho ba bohale bo tšosang haholo, kahoo ba ile ba ba koaloa ho batsamai. Ho phaella moo, ba boetse ba bolela boemo ba leholimo e sehlōhō ea linaha tsena, tseo le tsona li ka ba hlalosetsa e dumellana le Urals. Leha ho le joalo, ho sa tsotellehe lintlha tsena, bahoebi ba Maarabo ba ne ba khobokana mona joaloka lintsintsi ho mahe a linotši, 'me sena ke ka lebaka la ho ea ka bongata ba matlalo a boea a, hammoho le letsoai. lihlahisoa tsena li ka bitsoa chelete ka sehloohong oa Mehleng e Bohareng, ba ile ba o ile a qotsa majoe ha tlase ea bohlokoa le khauta. mehloli e Russia ba bolela hore, ho tloha lilemong tse makholo tse 12-13, libaka tsena li ne li-pula-maliboho ba rōna, ea ileng a fa lebitso la lejoe ea moo thabeng. Empa ho tloha lekholong la bo17 la lilemo ba tsamaisa ka khanya letsoho V. Tatishchev ba li tsejoa e le Urals ena.

Europe kapa Asia

Joale a re sheba hore na ke maemo a libaka tsa Urals ena. orilla ena e leng moeli tloaelehileng pakeng tsa Europe le Asia, ba ile ba mehaho e meholo ka ho fetisisa ea karolong e ka holimo ea lefatše, hammoho le e kholo ka ho fetisisa matamo a metsi a hloekileng. Boemo libaka tsa Urals e ikhetha e le kannete, e ka bapisoa le Wall the Great of China, feela leboteng ena emisoa ka tlhaho. O ile a arola batho ka ho hanyetsa litso: bochabela le ka bophirimela mentalities. Leha tabeng ena ho thata ho fumana hore na e tla pele. Hore na "lejoe lesira" detached lumelloa ho hola lijalo tse peli, ea sireletsa ho tse mong le e mong, kapa bobeli ba batho a sebelisa ho ba le histori tloaelehile hore batho ba le makgabane filosofi, 'me hamorao ea k'honthinente European ile ea behoa tlas'a tšusumetso e ntle,' me ho feletseng fetohile tsohle. makgabane All reteleha thulametse: e tšoeu e ne e le ba batsho le ba batsho - tšoeu ... Tabeng ena, ea kutu e moholo bolokoa batho Oriental ho sera sa Link bakeng sa nako e ho ba. Leha ho le joalo, lefatšeng lena le globalized, ha ho mokoallo Lejoe ke ke emisa "makgabane demokrasi" le liberalism behilweng ke setso European. E le e se buang ka phatlalatso? Haeba u ha ba sebelisa phofo "leqhubu," joale re ee ho uena? .. Ha u ntse u ka bona, e ikhethang sebakeng libaka tsa Urals ke ke ua feela lipolotiki le tsa moruo semelo sa, empa hape setso.

ho belehoa a lichaba

Ural sebakeng ea ka palo ea metseng e meholo, baahi ba, hammoho le matla a ya moruo e hona joale ho nkoa bobeli feela ho Central. Boemo libaka tsa Urals tlatsetsa ha e le hantle hore e ile ea e-moeling tlhaho maqhubu a mangata fallang. Kahoo, Russia bafuputsi, ho fallela ka nģ'a bochabela, leka ho batla libakeng tse tlaase-ho bua leshano le makhalong a bonolo ka "Stone lebanta" le lichaba steppe ho tloha karolong e Asia ea k'honthinente e, e batlang ho ea ka bophirimela le tobane le ena le lekhalo tlhaho tse tlameha ho ea ho se potoloha ho tloha ka boroa. Le ba bangata ba bona esita le a lula mosikong oa Ural Mountains. Sena se hlalosa mefuta-futa e merabe ea sebakeng seo. Urals ea e-ba belehoa tsa lichaba tse ngata. Ho tloha hohle North Eurasia qhalakantsoeng lichaba tsa puo Ural-Yukaghir lelapa. Kajeno e busoa ke Russia baahi - 80%, empa e sebakeng Ural e boetse ke lehae la ho Bashkirs e, Tatars, Udmurt, Chuvash, Mordovian, Mari, Komi-Permian, 'me ba bang.

Sheba 'mapa

Moruo le libaka boemo ba Urals ke buka e ikhethang, joalokaha ho e teng ka moeli oa ntshetsopeleng ya moruo (European) e le karolo ea k'honthinente e le lintho tse bonahalang e tala (bochabela). Ka lebaka leo, sebaka ke tsoasitsoe ho web tsa litsela, literene, lipeipi le mela e matla. litsela tse kholo tsena tsohle li amahanya le Urals le sebakeng Volga, ea Volga-Vyatka le West Siberia libakeng tsa naha ya rona, 'me hape le Kazakhstan. E lokela ho utloisisa hore sebaka sa Ural Mountains le sebakeng Ural hase haholo e tšoanang. A re ke re bone hore na ke lokela ho utloisisoa. Mohlala, thaba ranges Subpolar le libaka Polar ha kenyelelitsoe sebopeho sa eona, empa ha ho joalo ka piedmont lithoteng Urals (ena ke e ka bochabela bohale ba Plain East European) le Trans (bophirimela bohale ba West Siberia Plain).

All-Russia smithy

Ural ke e 'ngoe ea libakeng tsa khale-khale tsa indasteri e meepo ea polanete ea rōna. Ho ha se makatse, hobane ho na le mobung ea majoe a bohlokoa le seka-bohlokoa, alexandrite le aquamarine, garnets le sapphires, emeralds le lirubi, topaze le lefika kristale, malachite le a jade. Matsoapong ka bochabela ea Ural Mountains, tse emeloang ke mafika igneous, a ruile haholo ka mefuta e fapaneng ya le liminerale manya. Kahoo, ka lebaka la masimo bulehileng tsa tšepe batho bao e seng ferrous le ferrous ba pawned le ntshetswa pele indasteri ea Urals ena. Koporo, tšepe, chromium nikele, cobalt, aluminium, zinki manya, polatinamo, khauta - ho ke ke ha lethathamo feletseng tsa larder tlhaho, concentrated lithabeng tsena. Re lokela ho hlokomela hore sebopeho sa naha Ural orilla ka aroloa likarolo tse hlano. A re ke re ka bokhutšoanyane hlahloba e mong le e ba bona ba.

Boemo libaka tsa Polar Urals

karolo ena ea lithaba e teng ka Yamalo-Nenets ikemetseng ka okrug, le Republic Komi. libakeng tse haufi le leliboho le fetisa ka ho arola e khōlō, eo e arohane matamo ob, (bochabela) le Pechora (bophirimela). Stoke ka leboea matsoapong akhaonteng ya Baidarata Bay Arctic Ocean. Ka Polar Urals e laoloa ke mekoloko lithaba le ba bolelele ba 800-1200 limithara, 'me ka litlhōrō tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa (Mount molefi) fihle 1.500 m. Ha e le hantle, tšimoloho ea eona, sebakeng sena o ka tlaase tse Ntle Toropong ea Konstantinov Kamen (palo yohle 492 limithara). le lithabeng eketsa haholo ka tataiso southerly - ho fihlela ho 1350 limithara Boholo ba bolelele ba go remeletswe karolong e ka boroa (ka bang ka 65 ° N ..), ho na le e hlaha ka holimo tsa Batho (1894 m.) - ntlha phahameng ka ho fetisisa ya Urals kaofela.

Le bolokolohi tšoanang Polar Ural haholo atolosoa - ho fihlela ho 125 km SE - le roba nyolohela 5-6 maporogo e tšoanang. E ka boroa ea sebakeng sena hole le bophirimela ka tataiso ea Pechora fallela saber lithaba (1425 limithara).

Urals Polar

Qalang ho tloha sebakeng seo drive saber le lipheletsong vertex Konzhakovskiy Kamen, seo bophahamo ba sona e ka 1569 m. The eohle ea karolo ena fetela le hantle hammoho le meridian ho 59 °. w Le., tseo rerang boemong ba eona libaka. Polar Urals bopilwe maporogo haholo-holo tse pedi longitudinal. Bochabela ke tlisitseng, e tsejoang e le Poyasovoy Stone. West Ridge e tsebahalang bakeng sa tse peli tse-leba lithaba Telpos-Out, kapa Stone ea Meea e. bophahamo ba eona e ke 1617 limithara The Alpine. mafatshekgapetla ka Urals Polar ha tloaelehileng, ho fetisisa ea litlhōrō o na le Dome sebopeho.

Boemo libaka tsa Middle Urals

sebaka sena e tšoauoa ka ho litlhōrō tlaase-tlaase. Ho larileng ka pakeng tsa 59 le 56 likhato leboea bolokolohi. Tieo leboea-boroa selelele sa lebanta lithaba e nkeloa sebaka ke boroa-bochabela. Hammoho le Afrika, Sredniy Ural seqhenqha bopa e selikalikoe ka lehlakoreng khonvekse tobane ikutloeleng bochabela, 'me encloses Ufimskoe sehlabeng (Bochabela Russia protrusion sethaleng). leliboho lona ka leboea li nkoa le lithabeng Konzhakovsky Stone le Kosvinsky Kamen, 'me ka boroa - lithaba Utah (Chelyabinsk sebakeng). Ka kakaretso, bophahamo ba bona ha e feta limithara tse 800. Ho tloha ka bophirimela ho Lithaba tsa Urals bo Hare kopaneng Urals maralleng. Ena sebakeng climatically e tšoanelang bakeng sa monna ho feta Polar. Mona nako e telele 'me nakong ea lehlabula ho futhumala. Mocheso karolelano ka July ka mosiko oa 16-18 °. Mosikong oa lithaba tse ka leboea koahetsoeng le taiga ka boroa, 'me e ka boroa - morung-steppe.

Yuzhnyy Ural

The peculiarity ya sebakeng sena ke hore mona lithabeng hōla haholo hape. Ka mohlala, ka holimo Iremel hlaha ho 1582 limithara, 'me bophahamo Yamanatau - 1640 limithara libaka South Ural kenyeletsa Ridge simoloha ho tloha hodimo jurmala leboea bolokolohi le fetela le ho karolo e. Tsa Ural River boroa. Arola orilla Uraltau ile a khaotsa ka ho tataiso easterly. Mona laola bohareng mofuta liphallelo. Ka karolo e ka bochabela axial fetelang ka ho Zauralskaya, le kobehileng tlaase thota. Boemo ba leholimo ke ho futhumala ho feta ka mahareng. Lehlabula le omileng le meea e chesang. Mocheso karolelano ka July ka mosiko oa 20-22 °.

Qetellong

Khethehileng ba sebakeng se libaka tsa Urals ke hore e larileng ka moeli oa likarolo tsa Asia le Europe ba naha ya rona. Ho phaella moo, litšobotsi tsa ntshetsopele Geological tsa orilla ena ama esita le boleng ikhethang matlotlo lona matsoai. A bohōleng bo itseng, bo phahameng bophahamong libaka, phapang e ka bochabela le e ka bophirimela le likarolong tsa Urals eo, litaelo tse sa tšoaneng tsa ntshetsopeleng ya moruo sebakeng sena tsa mefuta-futa tse khōlō tsa moruo le tsa tlhaho sebakeng landschap.