Screening ka Boimana: otseit ho pelaelo

The mokhoa fetisisa rutang ba fumanoe ba etsa lipatlisiso tse perinatal ke le moimana oa ultrasound maemong - oa ultrasound. batho ba hōlileng ba na le bothata ba ho utloisisa lebaka leo u se screening nakong ea bokhachane, ho qotsa phihlelo ea hae, a bolella lipale Horror ka ts'ebetso ea ho lelefatsa bophelo ba lijo tse kotsi tsa lesea le mosali oa moimana le ultrasound maemong a felloa feela e le monyetla oa ho fumana hore na ho kopanela liphate ba ngoana ea e-s'o hlahe.

Likhoeli tsohle 9 obstetricians khothalletsa bo-'mè oa moimana etsa tsa ultrasound tse 'nè:

1. libeke tse 5-6 ho etsa bonnete ba hore lehe kopana ile tsitsitseng hantle ho popelo, 'me ho na le ho na kotsi ea ho ima ectopic;
2. libeke tse 10-13, eo ho thoeng ke US 1 trimester screening, ikemiseditse ho hloekisoa mekhahlelo ea bokhachane, boikemisetso nomoro ya embryos, hammoho le boikemisetso ba litulo tsa bona ho lokisa sepeiti ka uterine cavity. Ho phethahatsoa tsa tekolo tse sa boleng ba placenta, ea bokima jwa nuchal translucency ngwana. Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa screening oa ultrasound ho trimester pele hlwaya malformations liphatsa tsa lefutso ka lesea (Edwards le Down o syndromes, likoli neural tube, imperforate);
3. libeke tse 20-23 a bokhachane e phethahatsoa oa ultrasound screening bakeng sa mantsoe a 2, mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa bo tlang ho fumana menyetla ea ho hōla ea kholofalo ka lesea le tlhaloso ea litsupa pheta batshwai tsa mafu chromosomal tsa embryo ena. Ultrasound maemong screening ka ho ima ka nako sena se ba thusa ho fumana hore na ba modumo le boleng ba mokelikeli amniotic, placenta boemo ba ntshetsopele le etsa tsa tekolo tse ba boemo ba lesea: boko, lehata sefahleho le litho tse ka hare.
4. 30-33 beke tsa ultrasound thusa ho khetholla likoli ka lesea le liponahatso morao, hammoho le ho lekola boemo ba lesea tshebetso. Sena ke e sethaleng bohlokoa ba thero ea mosebetsi o boima. Nakong oa ultrasound ena ikemiselitse matching litekanyo le fetal emara, boemong ba eona ka hare ho popelo (breech, hlooho, joalo-joalo). E neng e tsoaretsoe Doppler, ikemiseditse ho lekola boemo ba utero-placental phallo ea mali.

Screening ka ho ima ho fihlela ho libeke tse 16 e etsoa bakeng sa basali bohle ba baimana ka mekhahlelo e 'maloa: ea pele, etsa oa ultrasound, moo ngaka mehato boholo ba sebaka tholoana molaleng, bolelele ba humerus,' me entsprechen tse ling. Ho lumeloa hore haeba translucency nuchal disentimetara tse fetang tse peli, ke hore, ho kotsi ya tlhaka lefu Down e. Ho ea ka ya ka dipholo tsa tsa ultrasound ho mokhachane fopha mali ka li-hormone tse ling, ho fetola tjhelete ya e leng seo, ngaka e ka fana ka maikutlo a ka kotsi ba malformations intrauterine fetal. Maemong a mang, basali ba tlameha ho abort bokhachane ka lebaka la kotsi ea bophelo ba bona, empa maemong a joalo ke seoelo haholo.

Ultrasound maemong screening ka ho ima ho fihlela ho libeke tse 24, le lesea e kgolo haholo le ngaka ka hlahloba makala tsa sona tsa le litšobotsi tsa bona anatomical. Ho hlahloba boko, pelo, matšoafo, mala, sebete le senya. Ka ketsahalo ea kholofalo ka lesea tse tsoelang pele, ho soka ha feela litholoana tsa bophelo, empa e boetse e le 'mè, mosali e mong o sa ntse eo na le monyetla oa ho a fedise ho ima le. Detailed hlahloba ka fetal, oa ultrasound le ngaka hlahloba litsupa tse ling tsa bohlokoa :. Boemo ba placenta, ho lelana la mokhubu tsa lesea le, mokelikeli amniotic, popelo, mokhachane, joalo-joalo Thehiloe ho ya data tsena, setsebi sa phetha ka ho re ntshetsopeleng fetal le ho ea ka lilemo tsa lona gestational. Re-hira teko ea mali bakeng sa li-hormone.

Screening nakong ea bokhachane, le tletse ka profil khethehileng, e leng bontša e entsprechen kaofela lesea le, hammoho le liphello tsa liteko mali bakeng sa li-hormone. Qetellong ea ngaka-sa liphatsa tsa lefutso fana bofello moimana, eo e na le kgonego ya ho tsoaloa ha ngoana oa hae a kula. ha e le hantle hore mokhoa ona o etsoang ho tsoa ho mafumahali bohle ka mmuso, ha ho bolele hore mong le e mong tla ba le likoli tsoalo. Diyuniti tsa basali oela sehlopha kotsi.