Lithabeng tsa Southern Siberia: histori le ea jeokrafi

E mong oa kholo ka ho fetisisa mekgwa ya thaba ea k'honthinente, e leng otlolla bakeng sa km 4.500, sebaka kakaretso ea tse fetang halofo ea milione km lisekoere - lithabeng tsa Southern Siberia. Patiloe ka bolibeng ba Asia, ho qala ho tswa ho lithoteng tsa bophirimela le extending ho ea fihla lebōpong la Leoatle la Pacific, tsena liketane etsa tlisitseng pakeng tsa linōka haholo Siberia phallang ka Ocean Arctic, 'me ha ho ka tlaase ho e matamo tummeng ea Bochabela bo Hōle, o fana ka metsi a eona tsa Pacific. Lebanta lithabeng tsa Southern Siberia e na le e khōlō bophahamo holimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle 'me e robehileng theoha ka ho hlaka sebaka landscaped. Tse fetang 60% lula lithaba taiga. Ea liphallelo e holim 'bakeng sa bolelele kaofela e matsutla-tsutla ka ho fetisisa, ka amplitudes e khōlō ea libaka tse phahameng,' me sena se entse hore ke sa tšoaneng tsa naha 'me e bapisa maemo a klimate.

jioloji

Lithabeng tsa ka boroa Siberia li ne li sa thehoa ka nako. Pele tectonic kotombola etsahetseng nakong e sebakeng Baikal le ka Bochabela Sayan Mountains, ho bua ka ho Precambrian le Lower Paleozoic majoe. Ka Paleozoic thehoa Altai, e ka Bophirimela Sayan le Salairsky orilla. Ka mor'a hore tsohle, se a ntse a Mesozoic, ema Bochabela Transbaikalia. Mountain mohaho ona o ntse a tsoela pele ho fihlela letsatsing lena, seo ba se buang 'me selemo le selemo le tšisinyeho ea lefatše lichifi banana peels Lefatše ka mokgwa wa subsidence lieha kapa kotombola. Lithabeng tsa ka boroa Siberia le thehoa le tlas'a tšusumetso ea glaciation quaternary. Glaciers koahetsoeng ka e tenya, e seng feela tse fapaneng ho tsohle, empa hape hole tsoa ka lithoteng tsa boroa-bophirimela. Ho dismembered glaciers le maporogo thehoa lefika tsoane, ka lebaka la ho eo maporogo ba moqotetsane le bohale matsoapong - moepa khohlo e lilomo - tebileng.

Boemo ba leholimo 'me sebaka mefuta

Bakeng sa bolelele kaofela tsa sebakeng thabeng ea ka boroa Siberia na mpe karolelano thempereichara e selemo le selemo, ke hore, mariha telele le frosts kgolo haholo. Ka matsoapo a ka bophirimela ea lehlabula pula e, lehloa e matla - ho fihlela ho limithara tse tharo. Ka lebaka lena, lithabeng tsa Southern Siberia libakeng tsena tse koahetsoeng ka taiga jese litheohelang (kalse mohbat, kedare), ho na le mekhoabong tse ngata le makhulo ntle. Ka matsoapo a bochabela le ka mekoting ea pula ke haholo ka tlaase ho moo chesang lehlabula le omme haholo, 'me hangata naha steppe. Har'a lithaba tsohle tsa Afrika Siberia bakeng sa mola lehloa baa tsosoa feela Altai, ka Bochabela Sayan Mountains le Stanovoy Highlands - feela ho na le glaciers. Haholo-holo e ngata ba ka Altai - 900 km lisekoere tsa glaciers.

The belegetswe ea linōka moholo

E ne e ho na le hore e simolohe tsohle tse khōlō ea Siberia noka ob,, Irtysh, Yenisey, Lena, Amur. Ba phalla pele ka moqotetsane liphula bohehang pakeng tsa mafika moepa atameleha. Bakeng sa Hoa makatsa hore ebe ho itima lijo - le kanaleng matsoapong ho fihlela ho tse mashome a 'maloa a limithara tse ho e' ngoe eo ke sisinyehang kilometer dari. Qetellong ea mesaletsa hoo e ka bang linōka tsohle tlohetse ka mokgwa wa glaciers mafika Curly, "e leng royyala liphatleng", maballo a tšekaletseng le moraines. Lithabeng tsa ka boroa Siberia, 'mapa oa e ithuta esita le sekolong, ha thehoa libeisine tsa bona le circuses matša oa botle e ikhethang. Ba bangata ba bona, 'me ba bang ba ntle tse ling. Mohlala, cascading Multinsky Altai, Teletskoe na - lehakoe ea moo 'me ea hlolla Aya. Le leholo le ka bokhabane purest letšeng lefatšeng - Lake Baikal. Beautiful Markakol Ulug-HOL, Todzha.