Le mehaho mokhatlong o hlophisitsoeng oa la maemo protheine molek'hule: sebopeho ea bobeli ea protheine e

Motheong oa mohaho liprotheine le proteids tsa ketane polypeptide, le protheine molek'hule e ka akarelletsa ho lipotoloho se le seng, tse peli kapa ho feta. Leha ho le joalo, ba 'mele, likokoana-hloko le tsa lik'hemik'hale thepa ea biopolymers ba bakileng e seng feela ka kakaretso lik'hemik'hale sebopeho e ka ba le "lefeela", empa hape ke maemo tse ling tsa mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa limolek'hule tsa protheine.

Mohaho o ka sehloohong oa protheine e e laolwang ke ya boleng le ditirisanommogo amino acid e sebopeho. litlamo Peptide ke motheong oa mohaho o ka sehloohong. Ka lekhetlo la pele khopolo ena ile a etsa tlhahiso ka 1888 A. Ya. Danilevsky, 'me hamorao lipelaelo hae ba ile ba tiisoa ke tswakana tsa peptides e etsoang ke E. Fischer. Sebōpeho sa limolek'hule tsa protheine ka ho qaqileng fuputswa A. Danilevskim le E. Fischer Ya.. Ho latela khopolo ena, limolek'hule tsa protheine bopilwe ka palo e kholo ea litlhaka kahare amino acid e tse amanang ka litlamo peptide. protheine molek'hule a ka ba le 'ngoe kapa ho feta polypeptide liketane.

Ha mehaho e ka sehloohong ea liprotheine sebediswa bakeng sa mahlahana teko lik'hemik'hale le enzyme proteolytic. Kahoo, ho sebelisoa mokhoa oa ho Edman e loketseng haholo ho khetholla bolaeang-amino acid.

Sebopeho se mahareng ba protheine e bontša ka phetolo tlhaloganya sebaka sa protheine molek'hule. Ho na le tsena tse latelang se mahareng sebopeho mefuta: alpha Helix, beta-spiral, collagen Helix. Bo-rasaense ba fumane hore bath ho fetisisa ya sebopeho, alpha-Helix tsa peptides ena.

Sebopeho se mahareng ba protheine e tsitsisoa ka la litlamo tsa hydrogen. Ea bobeli a hlaha pakeng tsa liathomo hydrogen bonded ho e electronegative naetrojene athomo ea mong peptide tlamo e, 'me e carbonyl oksijene athomo ea bone e mong oa amino acid lona,' me ba ile ba ba laela hammoho spiral e. dipalelo Energy bontša hore molekyler ea acid tsena amino ke o atlehang haholoanyane le letona, alpha-Helix, e leng joale ka liprotheine matsoalloa a teng.

Sebopeho se mahareng ba protheine e: beta-lakane sebopeho

Polypeptide liketane ka beta-lemenong ba atoloswa ka botlalo. Beta-lemenong ba thehoa ke sebelisana la litlamo tse peli peptide. Sebopeho sena ke bath fibrous liprotheine (keratin, protheine, joalo-joalo). Ka ho khetheha, beta-keratin tšoauoa ka tokisetso e tšoanang le ea ka liketane polypeptide hore ba ka ho eketsehileng le tsitsisoa ke interchain disulfide litlamo. The silika protheine boahelani liketane polypeptide ke antiparallel.

Sebopeho se mahareng tsa protheine ea: collagen Helix

sebopeho li entsoe ka liketane tse tharo spiralized tropocollagen, le nang le molamu sebopeho. Spiralized ketane phomola hamonate le theha e superhelix. Helix tsitsisoa ka litlamo hydrogen pakeng tsa hydrogen tsa peptide etsahalang amino amino acid e masalla ka ketane e mong le oksijene ea sehlopha carbonyl ea masalla amino acid e ea ketane e 'ngoe. Hlahiswa collagen sebopeho fana matla phahameng le elasticity.

Sebopeho phahameng tsa protheine ea

liprotheine ho fetisisa ka boemo letsoalloa ba diseke ee haholo sebopeho, e leng e laolwang ke sebopeho sa, boholo, 'me polarity tsa radicals amino acid e,' me amino acid e latellana joang.

Tšusumetso bohlokoa ka sebōpeho sa letsoalloa conformation protheine, kapa mehaho e phahameng ba le hydrophobic le ionic ditshebeditsano, litlamo hydrogen, jj .. Tlas'a bohato ba mabotho ana e fihlellwa thermodynamically expedient conformation tsa protheine molek'hule le tsitsisoa lona.

Sebopeho quaternary

Ea mofuta ona e sebōpeho sa molek'hule e ke ka lebaka la mokhatlo oa subunits tse 'maloa ka e le' ngoe molek'hule e rarahaneng. Sebopeho sa e mong le e yuniti e nyane e akarelletsa mehaho e ka sehloohong, se mahareng le e phahameng.