Bundestag - ke eng see?

Bundestag - e paramente ea Republic Federal ea Jeremane (Deutscher Bundestag), e unicameral muso 'mele e emetseng ho tla ba molemong oa batho ba lohle Sejeremane. Ho ileng ba bōptjoa e le mohlahlami oa hae ho Reichstag tlas'a molao oa 1949, 'me ho tloha 1999 e teng Berlin. Jwale paramente ea Jeremane e eteletsoeng pele ke Christian modemokrate Norbert Lammert, ho incumbent tloha la 18 October, 2005. Ho Bundestag a ikgethela Federal Chancellor, ba neng ba e le hlooho ea 'muso Sejeremane.

mesebetsi

Ka sebopeho sa lona tsa lipolotiki li ne Jeremane ke rephabliki Palamente eo Bundestag - ke matla a ho laela bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa:

• Ka tšebelisano-'moho le Bundesrat, o kopanela mesebetsing ea molao, ho ntshetsa pele le ho nka ka phahameng ka ho 'muso, melao ea tse fapa-fapaneng le diphetoho Molaotheo. E boetse e ratifies lilekane 'me ba nka moralo oa tšebeliso ea' muso.
• Bundestag o sebeletsa e le legitimizing ba boholong ba bang, ho akarelletsa le kgetho bakeng sa nkgetheng wa poso ya Chancellor Federal, 'me o boetse o ameha ka dikgetho tsa Mopresidente Federal le baahloli.
• Ikarabella mesebetsi ea 'muso, e leng e tlameha ho tlaleha ho eena,' me hape o laola motsamao oa mabothong a hlometseng ka har'a naha.

Location dislocation

Ka mor'a hore reunification tsa Jeremane, Bundestag ba ile ba fallela ho haha Reichstag, e hahiloeng ka morao lekholong la lilemo la XIX le nchafalitsoeng ke meralo Norman Foster. From 1949 ho 1999, liboka li ne li tšoareloa Bundeskhauze (Bonn).

mehaho di fumaneha liofising tsa Paramente, e hahiloeng haufi le e mong le e tse ling ka mahlakoreng a mabeli la nōka ea Spree le Jeremane e bitsoang Paul-Löbe-Haus le Marie-Elisabeth-Lüders-Haus ho tlotla parliamentarians pedi hlaheletseng Mademokrate.

likhetho

Likhetho ho paramente Jeremane atisa ho tšoaroa ka mor'a lilemo tse 'nè, ntle le maemo a ho shoa hoa pele.

Bundestag - e paramente, likhetho ho tse etsoang tsamaisong ea lebasetere, ke hore, le matona a khethiloeng ka boholo lekanang ka mananeo mokha oa ka le ho ba se nang balekane-taelo mabatooeng majoritarian ka ho potoloha e 'ngoe. The Bundestag e entsoe ka matona 598, eo 299 ba khethiloeng ke ka kgetha ho mabatooeng ena. Matlataelo fumanoa ka bonkgetheng tloha mekga e ka lebaka la likhetho otlolohileng (by literekeng boholo), qetella ka lethathamo la matona tloha phathing eo, balwa tlasa tekanyo e lekanang ya tsamaiso e khopo dikgetho.

Ka likhetho ho Sejeremane elements paramente boholo hase ka setotsoana kabo ya ditulo pakeng tsa mekga e, ntle le haeba e 'ngoe ea liphathi tseo tse tsamaiso uninominal fumana MPs fetang e ka amohetse ka lebaka la e' ngoe ea mokha oona tsamaisong lethathamo feela. Maemong a joalo, mokga ka 'na fumana e itseng eo di ea matlataelo eketsehileng (Überhangmandate). Mohlala, la bo17 la lilemo Bundestag, ea ileng a qala mosebetsi oa October 28, 2009, e na le litho tse 622, a 24 ba bona ba lipane tsa matlataelo eketsehileng.

shoa hoa paramente

Federal Mopresidente (Bundespräsident) o na le tokelo ea ho qhala Bundestag maemong a mabeli:

1. Ha hang-hang ka mor'a tebelo, 'me ka tabeng ea lefu kapa ho itokolla kerekeng, ho Chancellor oa Rephabliki ea Jeremane Federal, ho Bundestag sitoa ho kgetha mochanselara o mocha oa batho ba bangata ka ho feletseng le dikgetho (Article 63, serapeng sa 4, ea Molao Basic ea Germany).
2. Ho ea ka Chancellor ba tshisinyo ya, haeba Bundestag o inkela qeto mpe tabeng ea ho tšepa ha, ho e kgetho Chancellor (Article 68, serapeng sa 1). boemo bo joalo e se e hlahile ka 1972, ha Chancellor Willy Brandt le Mopresidente Gustav Heinemann, 'me ka 1982, ha Chancellor Helmut Kohl ne, le Mopresidente Karl Carstens. Maemong ao ka bobeli, phello ea kgetho ya e ne Chancellor ba ile ba hana ho mo tšepa, ka mor'a moo ea likhetho e ncha e lokela ho e tshwerweng. February 16, 1983, Lekgotla la Molaotheo phethola qeto ea ho hana ho mo tšepa.

The itokolla tsa Gerhard Schröder

E se eka li 22, 2005, ka mor'a ho hlōloa tsa mokha oa hae oa ka dikgetho lebatowa ka North Rhine-Westphalia, Chancellor Gerhard Schröder phatlalatsa hore o ikemiselitse ho ba kgetha tabeng ea ho tšepa ha, ho fana ka mopresidente oa "matla a hlokahalang hore ke hlōle jwale likoluo."

E le 'na ho lebeletsoe, Jeremane Bundestag, Gerhard Schröder hana ho tšepa (ka 151 tse ngata khahlanong le 296 dikgetho abstained 148 tse ngata). Latelang ena Chancellor filed kōpo e matla ka puo ea khale tsa ho shoa hoa tsa Bundestag lebitsong Mopresidente Federal Horst Kohler. July 21, 2005, mopresidente oa o ile a ntša molao-taelo e tlamang ho qhaleha paramente le bitsa letsatsi ka dikgetho tsa la 18 September, ka Sontaha se pele ka mor'a matsatsi a phomolo a sekolo le Sontaha ho qetela ntle a tloha ho pharalla o hlomiloeng ke nako molaotheo matsatsi a 60. 23 'me 25 August, Lekgotla la Molaotheo hana boipiletso filed ka mekga e meraro e menyenyane, hammoho le matona tswa SPD Helen Hoffman le Werner Schulz tswa "Green" e mengata.

Sebopeho sa Bundestag Jeremane

Bundestag - ke 'mele, ho bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa eo ke diyuniti mehaho sa lihlopha tse paramilitary, eo ba bitsoa lihlopha. lihlopha Paramente ba hlophisa mosebetsi oa lekgotla le etsang molao la. Ka mohlala, ba lokisetsa mosebetsi oa laela, ho hlahisang mekoloto, diphetolo, joalo-joalo

E mong le e faction bopilwe ka molula-setulo (Fraktionsvorsitzender), 'maloa motlatsi-bapresidente le presidium, eo kopana beke le beke. Nakong phehisanong eo, 'me ka tloaelo ho nkoa hore ba boloke ka thata-thata ea mokha taeo ka ho kgetha (Fraktionsdiziplin). Paramente ea Jeremane e tsotehang hore kgetho ho eona hangata etsoa pontšo ea molula-setulo oa faction paramente.

Sebopeho sa Bundestag e boetse e akarelletsa le Lekhotla la Baholo (Ältestenrat) le Bureau. Lekhotla le na le Mopresidente le baholo 23 (baeta-pele ba lihlopha le Palamente). Ka kakaretso ho sebelisoa bakeng sa lipuisano pakeng tsa mekga e, ka ho khetheha ka chairmanship tsa likomiti paramente le lenanetabeng. Ha e le Mopresidente, ho akarelletsa bonyane chairmen le batlatsi ba e mong le e faction.

Mong le e mong lumellanang le Lekala la Komiti ea Paramente (hona joale ba palo e 21). Akaretsang tataiso e fana ka molula-setulo oa Bundestag, hona joale nang poso ena, Norbert Lammert.