Volga noka: ea limela le liphoofolo tsa nōkeng, tlhaloso, ekolotsi, tšireletso. Seo se etsoang ho sireletsa Volga River?

Volga - e mong oa matšoao tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa ea Russia, nōka ea kholo ka ho fetisisa ha se feela ea naha, empa polanete ea kaofela. Ka nōka e concentrated bophelo ea karolo e Europe la naha, motlakase o hlahisoang le hōlileng ka lihlahisoa tsa temo ho hlokahala ho pholletsa le Russia. Mona o ka phutholoha, tlhapi le ho phela ka ho sa feleng, ba thabela mofuta hlollang.

tekanyo e tsotehang

Bolelele la nōka ena e khōlō - km fetang 3500. Ho fepa metsi 4-millionth ba motse, thibetsoeng liteishene matla ba bane, o ile a fa lebitso la oona ho sebakeng sohle. Ka nōka e khōlō ho feta 200 melatswana le beisine lona ae phethang karolo ea boraro ea tšimong ea Europe la Russia. Ho phallang ka merung, masabasabeng, lithaba le seka-ea lehoatata. Ka 'mapa oa naha e bontša hore Volga River phallang ka ho bafo ba 15 ba Federation ena. Limela le liphoofolo ho nōka ke tšoaneng: ho makhulo, hammoho le e le mohlolo oa sebele - masimong lotus le, e leng li nkoa e Biosphere Reserve ke UNESCO. Ka floodplain ea Volga e ntse e hōla mefuta e fetang 500 ea limela, tseo ba aba tse fetang malapa a 82.

likarolong tse fapaneng tsa nōka

Ka lebaka la bolelele ba baholo le ea tlhaho e fapaneng ka likarolo tse 'maloa tlas'a maemo arotsoe ka ho Volga Nōka. Limela le liphoofolo tsa nōka li sa tšoaneng ka ho feletseng.

Ka Holimo Volga River, moo motse oa Rzhev, Tver, Rybinsk, Yaroslavl, Kostroma le Nizhny Novgorod, 4 artificially a bōpa pokello. Kaofela ha bona ho ile ha thehoa ka nako ya kaho ea limela matla a fehlang motlakase: Ivankovo, Uglich, Rybinsk le Gorky pokello.

Volga bohareng

Karolong ena ea nōkeng e eu hlola tsohle tse ka Volga Uplands. Mona, ka mo linōka ho oa 4, kholo ka ho fetisisa tseo ka tsona Oka. E e bopa e khōlō pokello Cheboksary GES. Ka naha ea leralleng matha ho Volga-Don tlisitseng, karolo e 'ngoe ea tseo ke Volga Nōka. Limela le liphoofolo tsa nōka etsa steppe landschap tsa libaka tsena. Ke tikoloho ea sootho bere, bokotokwe le Martens, ho tloaelehile hore batho Kangna le polecat taiga. Hunters batla mona grouse le capercaillie. meru Local tšoana le taiga, o ka bona lifate tse matla phaene e ngoe le ngoe ba retelehelang.

tlaase Volga

Ka finyellang ka tlaase ea Volga phallang ka Kama, le nōka e ba ruileng ka ho fetisisa. Zhigulevsk fehlang motlakase tlang pele ho Kuibyshev pokello, ka ho eketsehileng fatše nōka, o ka bona Volgograd.

Tlase Astrakhan qala ka sebaka se ikhethang - le makgobokgobo leo phakeng ea sechaba, e leng ntho e tsebahalang ka ho nōka ea Volga. Limela le liphoofolo tse nōka sebakeng sena tlas'a tšireletso ea ka. tse ngata makalana ho tšoasa litlhapi le selemo ho pota ea ho tšoasa litlhapi e teng mona. Mona, ha feela hore a tšoase Sturgeon le tsota thunyang lotus le, empa hape ho boloka ka phelang bona ea tlhaho ea pelican, cranes Siberia le flamingo.

puso ea metsi

Noka a fumana metsi ho tloha sebakeng se seng hoo e ka bang halofo ea milione km. Volga noka mokgwa wa ho itšetlehile ya e le hantle ka boemo ba leholimo ka. Mo ama le qhibiliha lehloa ho pula. bophara la nōka ea libakeng tse ling ho fihlela ho limithara tse 2500. Botebo ka libakeng tse nyane se ke a oa mona ka tlase 2,5 m. Mona ke tlhaloso ho Nōka ea Volga. Empa joalo e ne e se kamehla: ho haha matamo hore ho laola maemo metsi ka mafika e ka ba ho fihlela ho cm, 30.

Leqhoa e behiloe ka morao November - mathoasong a December, e Volga noka puso. Ho qala ea tsamaya e qalong ea April le leqhoa a qalang ka Astrakhan - March. O thōtseng le o boreleli phallo ea nōka tluoa tabeng ea ho Leoatle la Caspian.

tšobotsi

Ka mosa ea boemong ba polanete e linōka telele ka ho fetisisa Volga ae phethang 16 go th sebaka, empa Europe bo se na lekanang. Ka ho Volga-Don Canal e amahanya ho Leoatle le Letšo le Leoatle la Azov, 'me ka Leoatle la Baltic le tsela e tšoanang. Sea tšoeu, Severodvinsk e amana ka ho marangrang a noka.

Letsoapong waterway e nyenyane - limithara tse 256 feela tsohle hammoho. The bath ka sehloohong sa linōka (Volga) ka phallo lebelo lona ea metsi e le tse nyenyane e le 1 mitha ka bobeli. Ka hora ka libakeng tse sa tšoaneng a nōka eu hlola ho tloha km 2 6. makgetheng tsena lumella ho atleha mefuta eohle ea limela le liphoofolo.

Index "matšeliso" la nōka ea har'a libōpuoa tse phelang, - bagre. E tloaelehileng boima ba litlhapi - ho fihlela ho lik'hilograma 400 (maemong a mang), empa ho na le baemeli, bekha ho fihlela ho lithane tse tšeletseng.

Noka Volga: mohloli le molomo

Nōka ea hlomphehang e qala ka kemisong e sa khaotseng e nyenyane haufi le motse le sebui se ile sa bitsoa Volga-Upper. motseng e teng ka ho Valdai Hills, e rothela dogging ntlo ea thapelo lehong.

Ho ea ka Central Russia Upland noka phallang ka thelelo le ho retelehela ho boroa etsa haufi le Urals. Ka nako eo ho e romela ho Caspian mabalane le fana ka metsi a lona eponymous leoatle. The Volga River - the mothapo bohareng ba naha.

Ho na le tse fetang 150 tse sekete linōka le melapo e nōka Volga. Mohloli le molomo oa nōka - tsena ke thepa ea sebele batho ba, e leng fepa metse e mongobo le metseng. Ka metsi Volga o hōla fepa ka hore tsohle ho batho ba ka mose ho Russia.

Joalo tlhapi fapaneng

Sena se ka ba ngola thothokiso kaofela, e leng se nang le phihlelo batsoasi ba litlhapi. Mefuta e meng ea litlhapi phela mona ka ho sa feleng, ha ba bang ba tsoa Leoatleng le la Caspian. Kalaneng, bream, carp, chub, ruffe le putsoa bream, e tšoeu leihlo le Roach, chub, kalaneng le Grayling - baahi ka ho sa feleng oa nōka. Tloha mona o ile a etela ke Sturgeon Caspian le tšoeu Sturgeon, litlhapi tsa salmon e tšoeu le herring.

The tse fapa-fapaneng ea litlhapi lefatšeng sisinya. Litlhapi tse nyenyane tse lulang mona e na le e-ba bolelele ea cm, 2,5. Sena pugolovka granular eng tsebahalang hangata ichthyologists. Empa ka Beluga, ho hōla ho fihlela ho e-ba bolelele ba limithara tse 4, baa tseba sohle. About mofuta ofe ea litlhapi e fumanoa Volga River, ngotsoe libuka tse ngata le dibukana.

Ka silafala ka, germinated dimela, moo o thōtseng fetisisa ho pholletsa, o ikutloa a carp molemo. Ka Astrakhan phele ho tlhapi e khubelu, tlotlisoa Russia bakeng sa lefatše lohle. Sena Sturgeon le stellate Sturgeon, moutloa le Sturgeon tummeng. Volga herring le seipone carp - ea boithabiso molemo ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa batho ba moo ba le baeti. Bakeng sa bohle ba lakatsang ho sebetsa makalana a mangata ho tšoasa litlhapi, moo o ka ha e le hantle bona seo tlhapi e fumanoa Volga.

mathata a tikoloho

Holim, e bokella pula Volga ae phethang 8% ea tšimo ea karolo e Europe la Russia. Lipalo-palo li netefatsa hore molomo oa Volga River o bitsoa la pele la ka holimo linōka tse leshome silafetseng. Ha e le hantle, bophelo bohle ba libaka tsena tse amanang le Volga, hape mohlape mona litšila tsohle. Haeba palo ya matlakala liindasteri khona ho khaola, e unorganized litšila - lefu la seoa la nōka. feteletseng ena ea menontsha lik'hemik'hale le lintho tse ling tse mabifi hohola ka pula.

Seo se etsoang ho sireletsa Volga River?

Mong le e mong eo e leng tloaelane le mathata a nōka, ka lentsoe le le leng re ba kotsi ka ho fetisisa ho lintho tsohle tse phelang hlahisa turbine matla. Ba phallang a halefa 'me marotholi a hatelloa ke kotsi linthong tse phelang tsohle. Shoa plankton, tadpoles le lintho tse ling tsohle feta noka phela.

Ka tsela eo, boemo bona bo ke tloaelehileng eseng feela bakeng sa Volga. Sena ke le bothata lefatše amang linōka tsohle tse khōlō linaheng tse tsoetseng pele. taba e 'ngoe ea ho pholoha ka di-blades ba turbine tsotelle zoologists le baenjiniere ba lefatšeng ka bophara. boima ena e nehetsoeng ho dikhonferense le symposia.

Ha e le ea khale, bo-rasaense ba ho tloha St. Petersburg ntshetswa pele e tlhamosea le e bonolo tsela ea ho boloka libōpuoa tse phelang ka di-blades ba turbine. Bafuputsi ba etsa tlhahiso ea injecting tlas'a khatello e itseng 'me ka lakatsa mahloriso bubble ba tloaelehileng moea. Libalune monya khatello ea ka tsela e feteletseng, centrifugal le mabotho a centripetal. libōpuoa tsohle tse nyenyane ea ka e leka-lekaneng motsoako metsi-moea, ba lule ba senyeha.

mokhoa oo o ile a qapa, litokelo tsa molao ke, theknoloji e hlakile. Empa ka tsela ea ho kenya tshebetsong sa finyellehe habonolo leboteng ema bahlanka ho hlōla batho ba iphapanyetsang molaetsa oa bona ke e-s'o ka khonehang. Ho tšeptjoa hore ho sebelisa kelello le ho ba le takatso ea ho phela lefatšeng la noka phelang ntse hlōla.

mabōpo ratehang

Banks la Volga bululetsoeng baetsi ba litšoantšo le liroki ho pholletsa le lilemo. Ngoloa ea ba ea e ngotsweng ba bangata ba setso lipina le lithothokiso tsa nōkeng e khōlō. The feat, ea Stalingrad e inextricably amahanngoa le Volga. Ho tloha ka nako eo, e mong le motho ea Russia oa tseba hore Volga le naha bakeng sa rona teng. Songs, lifilimi, lipontšo, libuka - tsohle ena o ile a fa lebitso Russia Nōka. Mehloli le mehaho ea boithabiso, metse, metse le metsana ea - tsohle ena e boetse ke Volga.

Ka mesebetsi ea bonono e inextricably amahanngoa le tlhaku ea Serussia. Moea oa nōka, 'me joaloka motho,' me ka seatla se bulehileng le mosa.

Kajeno dibanka tsa Volga e ka mafolofolo ho ntshetswa pele: metsaneng haha Cottage le tsa dibopeho tsa motheo ea kajeno, ka sepheo sa le leholo la nōka.