The le letšehali ventricle ba pelo: sebopeho, mosebetsi, bolwetse

batho le liphoofolo tse anyesang e phahameng, pelo e na le likamore tse 'nè: atria tse peli le ventricles tse peli. Ka lebaka leo, tokisetsong ea ventricles hammoho le ho atria ba arotsoe ka le letona le le letšehali.

The ventricle letšehali ke tšimoloho ea ajoa systemic.

human anatomy

Post setseng ventricle le letšehali atrium ka tsela e le letšehali atrioventricular qalang, ho tswa ho ventricle nepahetseng ventriculus kotsi tse ka thōko ka ho feletseng interventricular septum. From ena kamoreng ea pelo siea le aorta, mali holim 'a eona hore e ntlafatsa le oksijene ka methapo e nyenyane oela ho litho tsa ka hare.

Ho bonahala le letšehali ventricle joaloka khoune inverted, 'me e le eena feela ea lik'hamera tsohle tse amehang ka sebopeho sa tlhorong pelo. Ka lebaka la ho kgolo ho feta ka ventricle nepahetseng, boholo, ho lumeloa hore pelo e ka ho le letšehali, empa ha e le hantle ho ke ke hoo e ka bang bohareng ba sefuba.

letšehali ventricular leboteng li millimeters leshome ho leshome le metso e mehlano e tenya, e leng ke ka makhetlo a mangata ho feta litsupa tšoanang ka ventricle letona. Sena ke ka lebaka la ho feta tse tsoetseng pele myocardium lehlakoreng le letšehali e loketseng ho mejaro ea phahameng. Ke hore, e phahameng le bophahamo ba modumo ea mosebetsi oa li entseng, e botenya ba leboteng pelo. The ventricle letšehali sutumetsa mali, e sebetsang ka ajoa systemic, ha ventricle nepahetseng e fana ka mali bophahamo ba modumo tsa lesakaneng e monyenyane. Ke ka lebaka leo, tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, ea bobeli e hampe ntshetswa pele, 'me Botenya ba lona e ka ho tšoanang o tlaase.

Atrioventricular molaetsa (lesoba) lehlakoreng le letšehali e koaloa belofo mitral, e bopilweng ka ba kamorao le limemo anterior. pele e teng sebakeng se haufi le ho interventricular septum, le ka morao - ntle ya yona.

From mapheo bobeli atolosa samjun - tendon palesa e tšoara leqhama ho mesifa papillary. Ka mesifa tsena belofo le etsa mesebetsi ea eona, ke hore, nakong ea systole, ha ho na ho khutla ha mali khutlela atrium ena.

mesifa Papillary ba khomaretse ho itseng protrusions myocardial (linama trabecula) tse o ile a lokisetsa ka hare ea cavity le ventricular. trabeculae joalo tse haholo-holo hantle ntshetswa pele sebakeng sena sa interventricular septum le tlhorong ea pelo, empa palo ea bona ka ventricle letšehali e nyenyane ho feta e nepahetseng.

Bolelele le nomoro ya chord tsa letšehali ventricle motho. Ka lilemo, bolelele bona butle-butle eketsa, a inversely amanang le bolelele ba mesifa papillary. hangata ho feta ke ho samjun hore tsoela ho tswa ho mesifa e mong khomaretse lekhasi ngoe. Ho phaella moo, lemoha chord hore hokela mesifa papillary ho trabeculae ena.

Sebakeng sa e bo felisang tsa aorta ke ea phunyang semilunar, eo ka eona le mali ha e khutlela ho tswa ho aorta ka pelong.

Methapo ea kutlo tšusumetso ka ho le letšehali ventricular myocardium kenang ka lehlaseli Hiss (leoto la hae le letšehali). Re lokela ho hlokomela hore ke feela letšehali ventricle pulse length e lebisitsoe ka makala a mabeli - le ka pele le ka morao.

Haholo-holo ea ventricle letšehali le mesebetsi ea eona

Amanang le ho likarolo tse ling tsa pelo, ho ventricle letšehali ke fatše, ka morao le ka ho le letšehali. Bohale le ka ntle la lona lekaneng ho eketsehileng 'me o bitsoa e le methapo holim'a. Nakong ea bophelo ba bophahamo ba modumo ea eketseha ka kamoreng ho tloha ya 5.5 cm, ³ (bakeng sa masea a) ho fihlela ho 210 cm, ³ (shorobedi ho mashome a mabeli a metso e mehlano lilemo tse).

Ha ho bapisoa le letona, ea ventricle letšehali na ho feta phatlalletsoang oval le sebopeho oblong, haholo mesifa le hanyenyane ho feta ho eona.

Le letšehali ventricular sebopeho tsejoa maloa tsa mafapha:

• Front (infundibulum) buisana le aorta ka ea bohlokoa qalang.
• Morao (ha e le hantle ventricular cavity) hore buisana le auricle letona.

Joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, ka lebaka la ho feta pele ho myocardium tsa letšehali ventricular leboteng botenya ke motso ho metso e mene millimeters.

Letšehali ventricular mosebetsi ke ho lokolloa ha mali oxygenated ka aorta ho (kapa ka ajoa systemic) ebe ka khokahano ea methapo tse nyenyane le methapong le hlaha makala lijo le lisele tsa phelang eohle.

physiology

Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, ho le letšehali le le letona ventricles sebetsa synchronously. mosebetsi oa bona o etsahala mekhahlelo e 'meli: systole le diastole (ka ho latellana, le khutsufatso le boikhathollo). Systole, le eena, e arotsoe linako tse peli:

1. Gagamalo: akarelletsa ho tshielano le ponotlhakoretharo khutsufatso;
2. Lelekoa: Akarelletsa itingoe lijo 'me lieha ho lelekoa.

Tshielano gagamalo tšoauoa khutsufatso lekane ya likhoele mesifa ea myocardium e, ka lebaka la kabo lekane ya nyakallo. belofo Atrioventricular e koaloa ka nako ena. Ka mor'a nyakallo koahela likhoele tsohle myocardial, 'me khatello ea ho eketseha le ventricles, phunyang le koala,' me cavity e koaloa.

Ka mor'a ho nka bohato ka leboteng ventricular tsa mali ea eketseha khatello ea ho mashome a robeli limilimithara Hg. v., le phapang le khatello ea ho aorta ke 2 limilimithara Hg. Bonono., Semilunar belofo bula, mali phallang ka aorta ena. Ha e pitikololo jwale tswa flaps aortic mali semilunar valve Slam.

Ka mor'a moo myocardium ventricular relaxes le ka belofo mitral tloha maling atrial kena ventricle. tshebetso ebe pheta taba ka ho.

Ka ho le letšehali ho se sebetse ventricular

Khetholla systolic le diastolic ho se sebetse ea likamoreng tse ka pelo.

Ha systolic ventricular ho se sebetse, fokotswa bokhoni ba ho sutumelletsa mali ho tswa cavity le ka aorta, e leng sesosa se ka o tloaelehileng haholo oa ho hloleha pelo.

ho se sebetse jwalo ka tlwaelo le hlaha ka lebaka la ho khutsufatso ea incidence, e leng se ka ea fokotseha ka bophahamo ba modumo ke seterouku.

Ka ho le letšehali ventricular diastolic ho se sebetse - ea fokotseha ka matla a ho tlatsa le mali e cavity (ke hore, ho etsa bonnete ba diastolic rarollela). boemo ena ho ka etsa hore kgatelelo ya madi mahareng (bobeli venous le ea bohlokoa), e leng e tsamaea le dyspnoea, khohlela le paroxysmal bosiu dyspnea.

likoli pelo

Ho na le congenital le se fumaneng. Ea bobeli ke ka lebaka la tšitiso ea nako embryonic. dihlopha kenyelleditswe congenital valve malformed, e eketsehileng ka ventricle le letšehali le ka irrelevant samjun bolelele lefarung septum pakeng tsa ventricles, transposition (sa tloaelehang sebakeng) likepe tse khōlō.

Haeba ho na le ngoana ea sekoli atrial kapa mabota ventricular, venous le mali ea bohlokoa e tsoakileng. Bana ba nang le bokooa e joalo ka kopantseng ba le transposition ba lijaneng tsa ba le letlalo type genus, eo qalong ke letšoao feela.

Ha transposition se teng e le sekoli ka thōko, e hypoxia isang tlhaselo hang-hang ka mor'a lefu. Maemong a mang (ha ho e iphumanela ho sekoli pele a tsoaloa) ke khoneha ho tsamaisa opereishene.

Khanna kalafo buoa ke ke ho hlokahala le bakeng sa mefokolo e meng le letšehali ventricular (mohlala, kholofalo ea phunyang aortic kapa belofo mitral).

Ka ho le letšehali hypertrophy ventricular

Khetholleha tiiso ventricular leboteng.

Lisosa tsa boemo ba ena e ka ba:

• Phehellang ka koetliso litabeng tsa nako e telele (litsebi lipapali).
• Physical se sebetse.
• Ho tsuba koae.
• Bokhoba ba Tahi.
• Farben lefu.
• Muscular Dystrophy.
• Khatello ea kelello.
• Pheriferale vascular malwetse.
• Botenya.
• Atherosclerosis.
• Lefu la tsoekere mellitus.
• Ischemia.
• Kgatelelo ya madi.

Qalong, lefu lena le ke asymptomatic, le letotong la tshebetso ho hlaha ba bohata angina, fainting, molikoalikoane, mokhathala. Ebe oona o kopanela pelo hloleha tšoauoa ka dyspnea (ho akarelletsa le ba ka ho ba bang kaofela ba).

le letšehali ho hloleha ventricular

Hangata e le hlaha ka morao:

• Aortic likoli.
• Glomerulonephritis.
• Kgatelelo ya madi.
• Myocardial infarction.
• Syphilitic aortitis.
• Atherosclerotic cardio.

bolwetse ena e tšoauoa ka tsoelang pele cyanosis, bokhutšoanyane phefumoloho, bofokoli, bohloko pelong, ka ho tlōla 'mele tse ling le tse ling tse joalo.

Phumano ya tsela e sa tloaelehang setseng ventricular

• Ultrasound maemong (boikemisetso ba malformations congenital);
• ECG;
• MRI;
• CT;
• sefubeng X-ray;
• PCG;
• echocardiography.

Kamoo re lokelang ho tšoara ba setseng ventricle ba pelo

Joalokaha ho boletsoe ka holimo, ka likoli pelo, hangata e hloka kalafo ho buoa.

Hypertrophy tsa ventricle letšehali ba pelo ka ho tšoaroa ka motsoako oa blockers tsa beta le "Verapamil". Mokhoa ona ho fokotsa liponahatso litleleniki tsa maloetse. Hape lithethefatsi kgothaletswa ho itima lijo le ho hana mekhoa e mebe, phokotso boima le phokotso ea ho noa letsoai.

The lijo lokela ho ho ntlafatsa lomositsoeng lebese le tsa lebese lihlahisoa, litholoana, lijo tse tsoang leoatleng le meroho. Ho phaella moo, o tlama ke ho fokotsa palo ea mafura, tsoekere le dijo starchy. E kgothaletswa ho ikoetlisa ka tsela e itekanetseng.

Ntle le kalafo mekhoa e tloaetsoeng le kalafo ho buoa e sebelisoa, ikemiseditse ho ho tlosa karolo e itseng hypertrophied myocardium. E lokela ho a hopola hore bolwetse ena develops nakong ea lilemo tse 'maloa.

Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea setseng ho hloleha ventricular, tabeng ena, sebelisa e khethehileng "pelo" lithethefatsi "Korglikon", "corazole", "Strofantin", "bonfanti garage", "Kordiamin", hammoho le oksijene inhalation le bethe phomolo.