Seo ha ho buuoa boko?

Neurosurgery - e tsoelang pele ea lekala ea moriana e sebetsanang le mekhoa ea ho buoa ea phumano le kalafo ea mafu a ea tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo. List of pathologies ho phekola e kopanela neurosurgery, ke a pharaletseng a haholo, empa hangata ditsebi ho sebetsana ka katleho ena ea tšimo le lefu lena, liphello tsa dikotsi sithabetsang boko le pathologies ea thapo lesapo la mokokotlo 'me methapo pheriferale.

A batla a ea histori ea neurosurgery

Neurosurgery e nkoa e le ea saense le monyenyane, eo e fumaneha sebakeng se arohaneng sa moriana e mpa e le 20-g, ea XX lekholong la lilemo la. Leha ho le joalo, re ka bolela hore pele tshebetso buoang methapo ea kutlo li ne li tšoaroa ka makhetlo a boholo-holo. Ka mohlala, bukeng ea Gippokarata "Ka maqeba a hlooho," e leng e ne e ngoloa lilemong tse fetang 2.000 fetileng, tlhaloso e qaqileng ea craniotomy ena. Tshebetso ya lehata e boetse e etsoa ka lilemo tse makholo X-XI Kiev RUS, e leng se pakoang ke seo a se fumaneng e mengata ea lintho tse epolotsoeng.

Tepelletse maikutlong le kalafo ea mafu a methapo ea kutlo

Haeba u na le e belaelloa ka hore lefu leha e le efe ea lesapo la mokokotlo kapa bokong - nako eo o lokela ho buisana ka methapo ea kutlo. Le mafu a ea tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo ho se nkentse ka mano, kahoo u se ke ua lieha ho etela ngaka. Nakong ea rerisana le ngaka e tla mamela ditletlebo hao, le tla hlahloba lithuto tsa ho hlokahala, le thehiloeng ho ya data a fumana tla nehelana ka lōna hlahloba le ho laela le kalafo atlehang ka ho fetisisa.

Neurosurgery e haufi-ufi amanang le litaelo tse kang neurophysiology Clinical Medicine, Radioloji, le tšebeliso e pharaletseng ea mekhoa ea bona ea ho fumanoe le kalafo. Ho joalo, hangata ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa fumanoe mafu a methapo ea kutlo ho etsa lipatlisiso tse joalo:

• MRI (gomoso litšoantšo a khoheli a) boko kapa lesapo la mokokotlo khoele
• Ultrasonography ea boko
• CT (ea computed tomography) boko
• Echoencephalography (EhoEG)
• angiography
• X-ray la mokokotlo
• Ka linako tse ling u ka 'na lokela ho batla keletso ho litsebi tse ling tse moqotetsane

opereishene buoang methapo ea kutlo e ka abeloa ho mafu a kang:

• Tse sa tšoaneng bohareng tsamaiso ea methapo ho sithabela
• Pheriferale mo ntša kotsi methapo ea kutlo
• Tsoaetsanang, 'me mafu a tse ling tsa tsamaiso ea methapo
• Bolaeang kapa nang kotsi hlahala ea boko le lesapong la mokokotlo (epidermoid, hemangioblastoma, meningiomas, pituitary adenoma, kraniofaringeoma et al a.)
• Mafu la mokokotlo (intervertebral hernia, sciatica, bohloko tlaase morao, discitis, lesapo la mokokotlo khoele compression, joalo-joalo).
• sethoathoa
• lefu Parkinson
• Leqeba le mafu a mang ho potoloha ha mali ya boko (aneurysm, vascular stenosis, thrombosis, arteriovenous malformations tsa boko kapa lesapo la mokokotlo khoele).

tshebetso buoang methapo ea kutlo ka aroloa ka mefuta e latelang:

• Neurooncological ho buuoa (ho tlosa boko le lesapong la mokokotlo lihlahala, lesapo la mokokotlo hlahala ho tloswa, tlosa lihlahala tsa tsamaiso ea methapo pheriferale)
• Ho buoa ka lesapo la mokokotlo (lesapo la mokokotlo logan, microdiscectomy, corporectomy, corporodesis, tsitsisoa tsa deformities lesapo la mokokotlo, vertebroplasty)
• Ka craniocerebral opereishene sithabela (tloswa ha hematoma, kalafo ea fractures, moko grafting)
• Tshebetso ka oona tsamaisong pheriferale methapo (carpal kotopo opereishene).

E leng sebaka se ea bohlokoa ea neurosurgery ke neurooncology, eo e sebetsana le 'kalafo ho buoa ea boko le lesapong la mokokotlo lihlahala. A le katleho e kholo bohlokoa ka ho phekola mafu a methapo ea kutlo e ne e le selelekela sa mokhoa stereotactic, eo dumella neurosurgeons ho phetha tshebetso ka likarolo tebileng-lutseng ea boko, e sa ame libakeng tse sa boahelani. Karolong ea Neurosurgery, ba Honeyman tšoanang tshebetso bitsoa stereotactic neurosurgery.

Jwale, boko ho buuoa ke e mong oa libakeng tse ngata tse tsoelang pele tsa bongaka. Le tsoelo-pele ea theknoloji e le thepa, selelekeleng ea mekhoa e ncha le ho bokella le phihlelo, ho ke ke hona joale ho ka khonehang ho phekola bakuli ba pele le sa phekoleheng.