Russia lik'hamphani meepo lethathamo, 'me mekhoa indasteri

Gordodobyvayuschie lik'hamphani Russia theha lefapha la tsa motheo tsa moruo. Kgwebo ntshetsopeleng e na le maemo a tsitsitseng le boipuso ba naha eo ho tloha limmaraka tsoang linaheng tse ling.

lefatše boemong

Histori, Russia e na le mehloli e khōlō ea liminerale. Ka ntshetsopele ya mehlodi ya matsoai naha e na le boemo ba etellang pele ka 'marakeng oa lefatše lohle. metšoasong kgolo hase kamehla bolele e boeta-pele ba ferekanye, ho etsa mohlala, ho Federation Russia e na le etella pele e hlollang lefatšeng le boemong bo ka mehloli ea manya a tšepe, empa ba na le dikahare tlaase tšepe. Boemo bo tšoanang le thaethaniamo, thini, tungsten le tse ling tse ngata liminerale tsa tšepe-e nang.

Ho fapana le karela Norilsk tšimo moo boleng ba lintho tse bonahalang e ntšitsoeng tala e tšoauoa ka phahameng. Kajeno ho na le lik'hamphani tse khōlō tsa meepo Russia, tse ntseng li hōla moruong boitsebiso e tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea nikele (20% ya maraka lefatše), cobalt (10%), koporo (3%). Le merafong Norilsk ka 'maraka lefatšeng e fihla e khōlō palo ya polatinamo, tellurium, Palladium. Ho ea ka ka litsebi, Norilsk mehloli tla ba teng ka bakeng sa dilemo tse 30.

Russia hlahisa 48 mefuta ea thepa matsoai e tala, e leng se etsang hore le moeta-pele e feletseng har'a dinaheng 166 meepo. Boholo ba 'maraka barupeluoa linaheng sebetsa lethathamo feta ba inyenyefatsang - ho fihlela ho mefuta e 10 ea liminerale. Kabelo ea indasteri Russia meepo ka tlhahiso ea lefatše e ka bang 10%, eo lumella ho lula boemo boraro lintlha.

indasteri ea Mathata

Bothata e ka sehloohong ea meepo ho Russia ke lebaka la ho hloka morolo hlophisitsoeng. diporojeke tse di tsohle 'muso sebakeng sena ha li sa sebetsa ho tloha ka 1966. Tsamaiso ea kajeno ea tšebeliso subsoil ke ke jwa poraefete a se ke a susumelletsa ho etsa lipatlisiso. Ka lebaka la tšokelo ea ho hōla ho indasteri e lohle. Boholo ba mobung tsebahalang ke se le haufi le ho mokhathala oa mehloli le e ncha li ke ke tsa o ile a bula 'me ha ho mala rerile tsa diphuputso tsa saense.

Boemo bona bo etsa hore motho e itšetleha ya dimela metallurgical ka fanang ka kantle. Aluminium ho hlahisoeng ha dimela tse ruuoang ke ka ho toba itšetlehile ka metsoako ea. Bakeng sa tšepe ho hlahisoeng hloka bauxite le ea alumina, ntsa leino le butle-butle decreases. Kabelo ea bauxite o leng sona boima ba lithane tse limilione tse 5-6 ka selemo sa ea alumina - ho fihlela ho lithane tse 2,9 ka selemo, ha ho lekana bakeng sa ho ba le mothamo tlhahiso. Nomoro ea thepa e reka e tala ho fihlela ho lithane tse limilione tse 5.3 go.

ho na le ke le bothata ba ho masimo a tlohela, eo ho eona ho na matsete a entse hore ba be ntle le morolo lekaneng matlotlo matsoai. Kakaretso ea mehloli ea koporo ka Russia e hakanyetsoa ho lithane tse limilione tse 100. The depositi kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa tšepe ena ke ka Bochabela Siberia. Ho ea ka ya data Udokan na le tse ka bang 200 tsa boima ba lithane tse tala, empa ba ne ba mohla ba kopanela. Ka ntshetsopeleng tse likarolong tse ling tse khōlō (October, Gaisky, Talnakhskoye) moo metšoasong ke loketse ho fela.

Ka bolibeng ba Russia e boima ba lithane tse 10 tse sekete tsa khauta, empa boemo bo ka khauta indasteri latela mekhoa kakaretso. ntshetsopeleng Industrial e tšoaroa ka Natalka le Suhoy Log (tonnes 1500 tsa tšepe ka selemo). Kabelo ea ho Hōle Bochabela District litlaleho bakeng sa karolo e khōlō ea khauta (ho fihlela 58%). Ntshetsopele le morolo ea mobung e ncha e sa a khanna.

Motheong oa moruo

lik'hamphani meepo ke botlaaseng e ka sehloohong ea Russia, eaba ba etsa moralo oa tšebeliso ea ba naha eo. Monehelo gdP ke 60-70%, e ntseng e eketseha ya diyantle tsa lihlahisoa tse tala le lihlahisoa tse felileng etsa bonnete ba rarollela tsa letlole tsitsisoa tsa moruo le mehloli ea naha. indasteri e meepo - sete ya liindasteri, ho akarelletsa le:

• Tse qotsitsoeng ea matsoai le thepa eneji, le (oli, khase ea tlhaho, peat, uraniamo, mashala, joalo-joalo).
• Tse qotsitsoeng ea tšepe ferrous le tse ling tse (tsepe ea, chromite, vanadium, molybdenum, joalo-joalo).
• Nonferrous tšepe manya (koporo, thini, etella sechaba pele, zinki nikele, joalo-joalo).
• Qotsitsoeng ho tsa meepo le lik'hemik'hale feedstock (apatite, matsoai potassium, tšepe pyrite, phosphates, joalo-joalo).
• Ntsa leino le liindasteri tse bonahalang e tala bakeng sa litlhoko tse sa tšoaneng ho hlahisoeng (graphite, asbestos, tjhoko, a lejoe la mokoetla, letsopa, morema le ba bang.).
• Tse qotsitsoeng ea bohlokoa, seka-bohlokoa, le majoe a seka-ea bohlokoa (litaemane, mahakoe joalo-joalo.).
• Hydromineral tataiso (tlase ho lefatshe).

Russia lik'hamphani meepo di thehoa setšeng matlotlo ntshetsopele. Ho phetha mosebetsi le ho fokotsa likarolo e theko e boima a atisa ho hahoa e rarahaneng ea likhoebo tse amanang. Metallic manya felehetsa concentrators, smelters le merero rarahaneng tsa dibopeho tsa motheo, ho kopanyelletsa le metsana ea bakeng sa basebetsi, junctions tseleng, tsamaiso ea matla bakeng sa ho sebetsa ha dimela liindasteri.

likhoebo tse khōlō

Kajeno o sebetsang lik'hamphani 24 kgolo meepo. Geography koahela naha eohle. A karolo ea isang ho indasteri e phetha Siberia le Bochabela bo Hōle.

ke lik'hamphani Russia meepo eng? Lethathamong le ka tsela e latelang:

• "Alrosa" (Pat) - e fumaneha ka Republic of Sakha, mosebetsi ke tse qotsitsoeng ea litaemane, kabelo ea 'marakeng malapeng - 95% ya palo yohle bophahamo ba modumo epilwe lehakoe.
• Tsomang "Amur" Artel. khamphani khetheha tlhahiso ea polatinamo, Palladium.
• "ARMZ" JSC. khamphani khetheha - meepo tsa uraniamo tšepe.
• Goroblagodatsky morafo Group. khamphani kopanela ntshetsopele ya mobung rarahaneng tšepe-manya.
• JSC "Evrazruda" lekala la mosebetsi - ntshetsopele ya tse hlano mobung tšepe manya.
• "Kovdorslyuda" LLC. Ka nako eo, ho ke ke ka ho ba sethaleng sa licheleteng.
• JSC "Kola metallurgical khampani". Field tsa mosebetsi - tlhahiso ea tšepe batho bao e seng ferrous le tšepe.
• "Metalloinvest", motheo oa khampani e fana ka tlhahiso ea tšepe manya, tšepe le tšepe.
• PJSC "Mechel" (mashala meepo, tšepe batho bao e seng ferrous le ferrous, coking mashala, mogote mashala).
• Priargunsky PGHO. Botsayakarolo ke tsoelo-pele ea uraniamo-molybdenum le uraniamo mobung sebakeng Zabaikalskiy.
• UC RUSAL (tlhahiso ea ea alumina le bauxite, tlhahiso aluminium).
• Reba "Russia polatinamo." Libakeng tsa mosebetsi - tlhahiso ea polatinamo, Palladium, eolota.
• MMC "Norilsk" (tse qotsitsoeng ea nikele, koporo, Palladium, 'me ba bang. Tšepe, tšepe batho bao e seng ferrous).
• PJSC "Severstal", e mong oa likhoebo khōlō ka ho fetisisa Russia, tšimo ea mosebetsi ke tse qotsitsoeng ea mashala, coking mashala, tsa meepo le ho e lokisa ya manya a tšepe, metallurgical rarahaneng le manya-apara limela.
• AOA "SUAL" (ea alumina, mathomo aluminium, aluminium thehiloeng lits'epe tse kopantsoeng, joalo-joalo).
• JSC Holding "Sibplaz". lithahasello tsa khampani e bua leshano ka meepo, lik'hemik'hale, metallurgical le kaho mafapha le. Khanna lipatlisiso 'me mosebetsi oa saense.
• "Silvinit" (tlhahiso ea potassium, tlhahiso potash, lokisa lijo le letsoai liindasteri, joalo-joalo).
• The khoebo e kopanetsoeng "Mongolrostsvetmet". Botsayakarolo - tlhahiso ea khauta, fluorite manya, tšepe manya morolo.
• Ka "Ehrdehneht" (tšimo ntshetsopeleng molybdenum le koporo manya apara dimela, metallurgical dimela).
• Chek-Su (meepo ea a mankanese manya Usinsk depositi, kaho ea GOK).
• JSC "YATEC" lekala la mosebetsi - tlhahiso ea hydrocarbons, khase morolo.
• JSC «Kaliningrad Amber Plant" (liindasteri tlhahiso ea 'mala o mosehla, jewellery).

Russia lik'hamphani meepo sebetsang ka kopanelo le sebetsa le ho etsa thepa mehaho e.

Jobs

Jobs in mokga wa kholo ka ho fetisisa ea moruo ke kamehla ho na le. batho ba bangata ba le tšekamelo ea ho kena likhoebo meepo Russia. Jobs hoo e ka bang kamehla bula bakhanni ba literaka le mechine e khethehileng, basebetsi, ho na le khaello e sa khaotseng ea welders tšoanelehang. Jobs List e ntlafalitsoeng kamehla, eo e fana ka monyetla wa ho bonkgetheng tsohle ho fumana maemo a batlang.

Boholo ba likhoebo tse concentrated libakeng tse e ka leboea ea Russia, moo maemo a ho sebetsa e rarahane haholo. Boramesebetsi, ho phaella ho moputso e phahameng, fana ka kemiso e khethehileng - battlefield mokhoa oa mosebetsi. Itebeleng ka nka ho tloha matsatsi a 15 ho ea ho likhoeli tse tšeletseng, ka mor'a moo mohiruoa ea amohelang moputso oa feletseng bakeng sa nako tsohle. Ba ba neng ba se ba ntse ho sebetsa ka mokgwa wa ena, 'me ba bue hantle ka phihlelo eo e ile ea,' me ka moputso.