Pneumothorax: Matšoao, Sesosa le Phekolo

Pathological boemo boo ho bona mesothelioma cavity (sebaka slit e bōpehileng joaloka pakeng tsa parietal le visceral pleura potolohileng e mong le matšoafo) bakoang ke moea kapa khase tse ling metsoako e tsejoang e le pneumothorax. Le matšoao, bakang le kalafo ea boemo ena, nahana ka sehlooho se reng.

Overview

Bakeng sa cavity mesothelioma profinseng tloaelehile tšoauoa ka e le khatello e mpe, sena e fana ka e hema mochine lekaneng. Ha maqephe a senyehile pleura (mohlala, ka lebaka la ho sebakeng lekhalo la matšoafo kapa bronchus) le lofang ka mesothelioma khatello ea cavity moea e kabo e lekanang ya ho sepakapakeng kapa feta e. Moea eo e phunyelletsa ka ho cavity mesothelioma isang compression ea matšoafo, ho qholotsa spadenie le theoha ho tloha ketso ea ho hema. Le bophahamo ba modumo e khōlō ea moea senyeha khanya e boetse e ikamahantse le khatello e matla, ho phaella ho sena, ho na le ke battlefield litho mediastinal (lijana kholo ea pelo). All ena sitisa haholo ho ajoa mali le respiration.

matšoao a lefu: Pneumothorax

Lefu lena le e bontšoa ke likarolo tse latelang:

• Ka tšohanyetso etsahalang bohloko sefubeng - a hlobaetsang, ho eketseha nakong pululelo. sensations bohloko ka jala a bapileng lehlakoreng anngoeng ke likoluoa.

• Ka tšohanyetso ho ntshetsa pele dyspnea - bokhutšoanyane phefumoloho, ka potlako a sa tebang hema.

• Dry khohlela.

• Quickening tsa ho otla ha pelo.

• Ponahalo ea letlalo ka mofufutso batang.

• Kakaretso bofokoli.

• A ikutloa a tšaba.

• Cyanosis tsa letlalo (haeba litsebeng ajoa le respiration le bitsoa).

mefuta e meng ea lefu lena

• Open pneumothorax. Matšoao a boemo ena di: phunyelletsa ka cavity mesothelioma a moea ka bronchi senyehile kgolo kapa leqeba la sefubeng buisana le tikoloho ka nako ya inhalation moea kena cavity mesothelioma le o khutlela nako ea tla felloa ke matla. Khatello ea cavity mesothelioma bapisoa le ambient, e leng qholotsa atelectasis le theoha ya respiration ea hae.

• Koetsoeng pneumothorax develops ka moea ho kenella ka hare ka cavity mesothelioma ka lebaka la ho le sekoli ea pleura ena. Pakeng tsa cavity mesothelioma le tikoloho ha molaetsa, le qabeletsoe moea bophahamo ba modumo ka eona ha e eketseha. koetsoeng pneumothorax ke bobebe bakeng sa ntlha ea tleleniki ea pono. Moea ka e nyenyane ka qhala bona. Haeba ho na le e ne e le koetsoeng pneumothorax, matšoao tabeng ena, ho latelang: bohloko tloha lehlakoreng senyehile ya sefuba, palo ea letlalo, bokhutšoanyane phefumoloho.

• Gagamalo (belofo) pneumothorax. mofuta ona wa bolwetse thata ka ho fetisisa. Letšoao belofo pneumothorax - ka sebopeho ka leqeba le tshenyo e kholo bronchi karolelano theko ya sebopeho belofo hore lumellang moea ka cavity mesothelioma nakong pululelo le thibela tsoa lona ho tikoloho ka ntle. Molumo oa moea ka cavity mesothelioma ntse le ntseng le hōla. Sena se qholotsa e displacement le compression ea litho mediastinal le maloetse a tebileng ea ajoa mali le respiration.

Pneumothorax: Sesosa sa lefu

Ho itšetlehile ka hore lisosa tsa lefu lena le di khetholloa 'maloa tsa mefuta e.

ho itlelang feela pneumothorax

Matšoao a bolwetse e bakoang ke otlile karolo bronchus kapa matšoafo eo e sa amanang le le tšenyo e phetha molao oa morpheme kapa matšoafo. Ho itlelang feela pneumothorax e ka ba:

1. Primary (idiopathic) hlahang ka lebaka ha totobala. Ke le kotsing ea ho boemo joalo sa bahlankana ba lilemo 20-40 ya kgolo phahameng. bolwetse hangata e develops ka lebaka la:

• liphatsa tsa lefutso bakileng khaello ea potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, alpha-1-antitrypsin, le qholotsa liphetoho pathological ka matšoafo ka;

• congenital bofokoli ba pleura, e leng ka ba bonolo phatloha ka litšeho, le matla khohlela, a matla ikoetlisa, tebileng hema;

• differential khatello ea sephetho le ho qoelisoa tebileng ka metsing, qoela sefofane ka sefofane e.

2. Secondary (bontshang matshwao), ha semelo sa lefu se a le teng ea matšoafo develops itlelang feela pneumothorax. Matšoao a hlaha ka lebaka la:

• mafu a matšoafo, ho etsa mohlala, e ka 'na sa foleng obstructive methapo lefu (sa foleng a hlabang lefu ea tsamaiso ea ho hema, e leng hlaha le tlas'a tšusumetso ea lintho tse ngata tse tikoloho, ba ka sehloohong - ke ho tsuba, susumelletsang motho ntshetsopele ya ho hloleha foleng matšoafo), cystic fibrosis (lefu le futsitseng oo tšoauoa ka sitiswa tsa exocrine litsoelesa), haholo exacerbation ea asma;

• mafu a tšoaetsanoang ba matšoafong, ka mohlala, lefuba (mafu a tšoaetsanoang le bakoang ke mycobacteria), matšoafo abscess (feela tsepamiso ruruha dinama tse nyenyane tse ea matšoafo, e tšoauoa ka qhibiliha ea matšoafo dinama tse nyenyane tse 'me cavity sebopeho tlala purulent dikahare), inflammations la matšoafo (pneumonia,) khahlanong le HIV;

• mafu a matšoafo tšoauoa ka diso ea dinama tse nyenyane tse connective fibrosing alveolitis, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, sarcoidosis, histiocytosis X;

• systemic pathologies ya dinama tse nyenyane tse connective le lefu matšoafo: systemic scleroderma, ramatiki, dermatomyositis;

• lihlahala (matšoafo bakeng sa kankere).

traumatopnea

Mabaka a ketsahalo ena - ena ke tšenyo ea sefubeng sa:

• sithabela hlabang;

• phunyeletsang leqeba.

iatrogenic pneumothorax

bolwetse Sena ke ka lebaka la mekgwatshebetso ya ho itseng:

• mesothelioma kapa matšoafo biopsy;

• puncture;

• Loketse subclavian catheter;

• phetha molao ventilation.

tlhathoba

E le ho etsa hlahloba "pneumothorax" matšoao a lefu le lokela ho ka hloko o ile a ithuta ka ho le setsebi sa ho hlahloba ka la bongaka. Tepelletse maikutlong kenyeletsang mesebetsi e latelang:

• Mamello tlhlahlobo: auscultation (auscultation) matšoafo tlhlahlobo morpheme ena.

• Sefubeng radiography, ke mokhoa oa ho eo ho ka etsahala ho lemoha moea sebaka mesothelioma. Tsamaiso e ke mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa diagnosing pneumothorax.

• Mali khase sebopeho.

• Ea computed tomography, e lumella u ho hlwaya lisosa tsa mahareng itlelang feela pneumothorax. mokhoa ona ho hlahloba lefu e sebediswa ha X-ray li se lekaneng rutang.

• Electrocardiography, sebelisa tse hoa khoneha ho lemoha ntho e sa tloaelehang e ka pelong ea phunyang le (phathahane) pneumothorax.

• Consultation Thoracic ngaka e buoang.

maemo a tšohanyetso

O lokela ho le tseba ho fa thuso ea pele bakeng sa boemo ena pathological, ka pneumothorax. Matšoao a eona e lokela ho ba pontšo ho nka khato ya kalafi tšohanyetso. Mokuli ke pele ho hlokahala hore ho etsa bonnete ba lokolohile ho fihlella oksijene ho khoba matšoafo mo fatse 'me le bitsa ngaka hang-hang.

Outdoor pneumothorax akarelletsa ho kenngwa ha dressings occlusive, eo sealingly koala karolo e senyehile ea leboteng sefubeng. Tlamisa eo ke keng ba feta moea, e ka ba e polyethylene kapa cellophane le e tenya k'hothone-gauze.

Ha belofo pneumothorax hloka kosimbaki hang-hang puncture mesothelioma, e leng tla thusa ho jala ea matšoafo, felisa bolokolohi khase le ho thibela ho displacement tsa litho tsa mediastinal.

Mehato ya ho loantša bolwetse

Ha fumanoa hore o tšoeroe ka pneumothorax, kalafo e akarelletsa mesebetsi e latelang:

• Mesothelioma needling, moo ba fire moea tswa cavity mesothelioma.

• Ho buoa suturing bronchial discontinuities, matšoafo, likotsi sefubeng leboteng.

• Draining ea cavity mesothelioma le ho thehoa ha ka lethopo drainage eo ka eona ho tloswa ha moea ho tswa cavity mesothelioma tla etsahala.

• Haeba bohloko bo bitsoa ka pathologies kang pneumothorax, kalafo ka akarelletsa ho sebelisa meriana e thethefatsang kutlo.

• Oksijene (tsamaiso ea tsoelang pele oksijene phepelo ke methapo e khethehileng).

• Pleurodesis - logan Tsamaiso pleura sebelisa ho buuoa kapa ente ka cavity mesothelioma meriana e khethehileng (haeba a pheta hangata pneumothorax).

Mathata le liphello

Pneumothorax - boemo bo tebileng ka etsa hore:

• Intrapleural mali.

• Pleurisy - ruruha pleura, e leng e tšoauoa ka sebopeho sa adhesions, susumelletsang motho meferefere senoleha leseli.

• Subcutaneous emphysema - ka ketsahalo eo ho eona moeeng pholoha ka mafura subcutaneous. Beha boemo ba likarolong tse ling tsa ho ruruha, ho ruruha ya dinama tse nyenyane tse subcutaneous: ha u tobetsa holim'a tsona, ho na le molumo o ikhethang, tšoanang ho crunch ya lehloa e omme.

• Air kena dinama tse nyenyane tse mediastinal. Tabeng ena, ho na le compression ea lijana le leholo le le pelo.

• Maemong a matla (le e kholo lethopa bophahamo ba modumo, haholo phunyeletsang maqeba a sefuba) e sa busa tsoa lefung.

thibelo

Ho thibela pneumothorax, ba lokela ho khomarela melao e itseng:

• Nako ea ho alafa lefu le matšoafo.

• Khaotse ho tsuba.

• Qoba likotsi sefubeng.

• Ha pneumothorax etsahala hangata ha ho, ho ke ke bohlale ho phetha pleurodesis Tsamaiso (seam pleura).

bofello

Sehloohong sena, re ile ra buisana lefu kang pneumothorax. Le matšoao, bakang le melao-motheo ea kalafo ya bolwetse ne a hlahloba ke rona. Ka pneumothorax efe kapa efe hloka kena sepetlele hang-hang ya ba le mamello bakeng sa ho buuoa. Le e lekaneng ea kajeno phekolo itse'ng tsa pneumothorax itlelang feela hangata e tšoanelang. Katleho ea ho phekola pneumothorax sithabetsang ama sebopeho sa peeletso tshenyo ya sefuba. Itlhokomele le lule re phela hantle!