Penta: Renaissance. Boiqapelo tsa baetsi ba litšoantšo ba Mataliana ba Renaissance

Renaissance - fetoletsoe ho tloha French le bolela "tsoaloa bocha". E bitsoa joalo nakong kaofela, tšoantšetsa kelello le bonono lipalesa tsa setso European. Tsoseletso hlahetse Italy qalong ea lekholo la lilemo la XIV 'me o fihla tlhōrō ea eona e leng ea lekholong la lilemo XVI, ushering ka mehla ea fading fokotseha setso le stagnation (ea puso ea Mehla e Bohareng), e ne e thehiloe barbarism le ho hloka tsebo.

Ka lekhetlo la pele ka Renaissance ngotse Rahistori oa Setaliana hlahang ho yona, pentiloeng le mongoli oa libuka tse buang ka bophelo ba batho ba baetsi ba litšoantšo e tsebahalang, sculptors le Litsebi tsa Dzhordzho Vazari ka mathoasong a lekholo XVI.

Qalong, poleloana e reng "Tsoseletso" ho ne ho bolela nako e itseng (e le qalo ea lekholong la XIV) sebopeho sa leqhubu le lecha la bonono. Empa ka mor'a nako e itseng, khopolo ena e fumana tlhaloso pharaletseng 'me a bolela ho epoch eohle ea ntshetsopele le sebopeho sa setso, ho hanyetsa feudalism.

nako Renaissance e amana haufi-ufi ho ho hlaha ha feshene e ncha le mekhoa e ba penta ka Italy. Ho na le thahasello ea litšoantšo ba boholo-holo. Secularism le anthropocentrism ke tšobotsi ea bohlokoa, ho tlatsa ka litsoantso tse betliloeng tsa nako eo, 'me ho penta. Renaissance displaces austerity bontšang Mehleng e Bohareng. Fihla thahasella lintho tsohle tsa lefatše, se nang meeli botle ba tlhaho 'me, ea e le hantle, monna. Renaissance baetsi ba litšoantšo ba atamela pono ea 'mele oa motho ho tloha ntlha saense maikutlo, leka ho sebetsa ka ntle sohle ka hohle-hohle. The metako ke ea sebele. Penta le tletse setaele e ikhethang. E theha canons tsa motheo tsa tatso ka bonono. Ajoang khopolo e ncha ea filosofi bitsoa "humanism", ho ea ka tseo motho a e nkoa e le tsa boleng phahameng ka ho fetisisa.

Bonono setso Renaissance

moea holang na poleloana e reng sephara ka litšoantšo tsa nako eo le tletseng e khethehileng ea nama ho penta. Renaissance connects setso le saense. Artists qala ho bona bonono ka ea lekala ea tsebo, ho ithuta ka ho feletseng ho physiology motho le lefatše le re potolohileng. Sena se ne se etsoa e le hore ba ho utloahalang ho feta bontša 'nete ea pōpo ea Molimo le liketsahalo ka canvases hae. a lebisa tlhokomelo e ngata o ne a lefile ho ea ka setšoantšo sa bafo ba bolumeli ba e fumanweng leboha dikahare lefatšeng ho tsebo ea geniuses kang Leonardo kithe Vinci.

Ho na le mekhahlelo e mehlano ka ntshetsopele ya bonono Setaliana ea Renaissance.

Machaba (lekhotla) Gothic

Eo e simolohile tšimoloho ea XIII lekholong la lilemo la lekhotla Gothic (ducento) e tšoauoa ka tsela e feteletseng bohlale, pomposity le pretentiousness. Mofuta o ka sehloohong oa litšoantšo ke e nyenyane ho aletare e nang le setšoantšo sa bafo. Artists sebelisa tempera pente ho bopa le metako ea hae. The Renaissance morui, litho tummeng ea nako ena, ka mohlala, e kang painters Setaliana Vittore Karpachcho le Sandro Bottichelli.

Pele ho Renaissance nako (Protorenessans)

Mokhahlelo latelang, eo ho lumeloang hore e ka ha ho lebeletswe nakong ea Renaissance, e bitsoang Protorenessans (trecento) le hlaha ka qetellong ea XIII - mathoasong a lekholo XIV. Mabapi le ntshetsopeleng e potlakileng ea lefatše, batho, Art nako ea histori e senola lefatšeng le ka hare la motho, ka moea oa hae, o na le tebileng kelello moelelo, empa ka nako e tšoanang e na le sebopeho e bonolo le e hlakileng. litšoantšo Religious fela ka morao, 'me ho oa boipheliso ba ba tataise le ho e le sebapali se ka sehloohong e emela motho a ka maikutlo a hae, sefahleho le boitšisinyo. Ho na le ba ka litsoantso la pele la Mataliana Renaissance, boemong diaekhone. Famous baetsi ba litšoantšo ba nako ena - Giotto, Pietro Lorenzetti.

mathoasong a lekholo Renaissance

Qalong ea lekholo la lilemo la XIV o qala ho ba sethaleng sa mathoasong a Renaissance (quattrocento), ho tšoantšetsa ho holang ea penta le ho haella ha bafo ba bolumeli. Faces ka diaekhone le ba mefuta e tsa botho le e khabisitse naha mona ka mofutakwalo ka ho penta, ae phethang e tsoane arohaneng. Mothehi oa ba pele ba Renaissance bonono setso Mozachcho sebetsang sebakeng sa hae, e thehiloeng ya kgopolo ya ho ea tsona e bohlale. metako ea hae ba le baanelwa phahameng. benghali Great fuputswa guttate le pono e nepahetseng teleskopbomlift, human anatomy le tshebediso ya tsebo ka mesebetsi ea bona, moo o ka bona nepahetse tharo-tlhakore sebaka. Baemeli ba mathoasong a lekholo Renaissance ke Sandro Botticelli, Piero della Francesca, Pollaiuolo, Verrocchio.

Phahameng Renaissance kapa "Golden Age"

Ho tloha qetellong ea XV lekholong la lilemo la qala mohato phahameng Renaissance (cinquecento) le e ile ea nka batlang e le khutšoanyane, pele XVI lekholong la lilemo la. E e-ba setsi sa Venice le Roma. Artists atolosa brennan bona likhopolo le na le thahasello ka bokahohle bo hlophisehileng le. Man bonahala ka setšoantšo sa mohale ea, phethahetseng moeeng le 'meleng. Figures ea nako ena li nkoa e le Leonardo kithe Vinci, Raphael, Titian Vecellio, Buonarrotti Michelangelo le ba bang. The pentiloeng moholo ea Setaliana Renaissance Leonardo kithe Vinci e ne e le "ea bokahohleng e motho" 'me e ne e le ho ea batla kamehla bakeng sa' nete. Tšoasa litsoantso tse betliloeng, tšoantšiso, mefuta e fapaneng ya liteko tsa saense, o ile a khona ho fumana nako ea ho penta. Creation "madonna madonna self ka majoe" ka ho hlaka bontšang ea generated setaele pentiloeng la leseli le moriti, ao ho 'ona ho komponeng e ba leseli le moriti baka phello ea bophahamo ba modumo le e tummeng "Mona Lisa" o entsoe sebedisa mokhoa oa "smuffato", bōpa ithetsa ea haze.

morao Renaissance

Nakong ea morao Renaissance, eo le hlaha qalong ea lekholo la lilemo la XVI, ho na le e ne e le inkela ka mahahapa le ho ikhapela thepa ea motse oa Roma ka mabotho a Jeremane. ketsahalo ena e tšoaea ho qaleha ha mehla ea ho fela. Roma Cultural Center e khaotsa ho ba mosireletsi le litšoantšo ka ho fetisisa tummeng, 'me ba ile ba qobelloa hore ba qhalakanyetsa ho le metseng e meng ea Europe. Ka lebaka la ho hlaha ha ho se lumellane lipakeng tsa maikutlo a tumelo ea Bokreste le humanism qetellong ea XV lekholong la lilemo la Mannerism fetoha hlaheletseng setaele hore ba tsebahala ka ho penta le. Renaissance e butle-butle tla fela, hobane ka lebaka la mokhoa ona e nkoa e le tsela e ntle eo overshadows khopolo ea tumellanong lefatše, 'nete le ho omnipotence a ho nahana. Creativity fetoha tse rarahaneng le fumanang litšobotsi tsa ntoa tsa litaelo tse sa tšoaneng. mosebetsi oa bohlale matleng baetsi ba litšoantšo ba tsebahalang tse kang Paolo Veronese Tinoretto Jacopo Pontormo (Karruchchi).

Italy e ile ea e bohareng meetlo ea ho penta le o ile a fa lefatše baetsi ba litšoantšo ba bohlale hore nako ena, eo litšoantšo le ntse tsosa e thabeloe maikutlong.

Ho phaella ho Italy, ntshetsopele ya bonono le ho penta ne e le oa bohlokoa linaheng tse ling tsa Europe. E ile ea rehelloa bakeng sa Northern Renaissance. Hoa thahasellisa hore ebe le French ho penta ea Renaissance, eo e eketsehile ka mobu a lona. Qetellong ea Ntoa ea lilemo tse makholo a 'etella pele ho ea tlhokomeliso ea eketseha ya mmuso le ya ntshetsopele ya batho. Ka Sefora bonono ho na le baanelwa, ho buisana le tsebo ea saense, ea khahloa ke litšoantšo tsa mehleng ea khale. All litšobotsi tsena tlisa mo ho Setaliana, empa ho ba teng ha lintlha tse bohloko ka metako ea na le phapang e khōlō. Famous baetsi ba litšoantšo ba Renaissance Fora - Angerran Sharonton, Nikola Fromana, Zhan Fuke, Zhan Klue Senior.