Pancreatic hormone - bohlokoa tsa likokoana-hloko.

pancreatic mosebetsi. Endocrine mosebetsi wa manyeme e bakoang ke lisele tse khethehileng tsa lihlekehleke tsa Langerhans - α-, β-, D- le F-mefuta e. Lisele tsa mong le e mong mefuta ena secrete itseng-hormone islet β-lisele tse hlahisang insulin hore e kene, α-lisele tse - glucagon, D-lisele tse - somatostatin, secretin le pankreogastrin, F-seleng ea li-hormone-joaloka lintho tse tsa maiketsetso (le lipokain vagotonin). Ka lebaka leo, makala le habohlokoa hore na ho ameha ka molao oa tsamaiso ea dithulaganyo tshilong ya dijo, ke manyeme. Hormone, tsa maiketsetso tšoelesa ena e ama tsohle mefuta ya metabolism 'meleng. Ka insulin bula lv Sobolєv ka 1902. Ka Bohareng ba lekholo la bo19 la lilemo o ile a theha sebopeho-hormone le tswakana lona hlahisoang.

Pancreatic hormone: insulin. Liphofu tsa mahala ka insulin ba sebete lisele tse, mesifa le linama tse connective. Ka insulin ama tsohle mefuta ya fapanyetsana: protheine, k'habohaedreite, lipid, empa phello ea oona ho metabolism tsa lik'habohaedreite ithuta molemo ka ho fetisisa. Pele ho tsohle, ka insulin eketsa e lumellang metsi ho kena ea lera la seleng ea ho tsoekere ea phaellana 'me kahoo fana ka phetiso lona ho tswa madi ho lisele tse ba. hormona ena activates fosfoglyukotransferazu potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale (geksozokinazu) 'me kahoo fana ka tšokoloho ea tsoekere ho tsoekere ea phaellana 6-phosphate. Phello e qetellong ea ka insulin phello k'habohaedreite metabolism ke phokotso ea concentrations tsoekere mali (hypoglycemia) le ho bokella glycogen ka mesifa, sebete le litho tsa ka hare tse ling. Ka lebaka la khaello ea lisele tse ka insulin ba felloa ke matla a bona a ho sebelisa tsoekere. palo ea eona ea mali butle-butle eketsa (hyperglycemia), 'me o qala ho ema ho tsoa ka moroto (glycosuria).

Ntle le ho thusa insulin kgothaletsa ho tsamaisa tsoekere maling a sebetsang a amino acid, ka cytoplasm ea lisele lisele tsa mmele, ho activates mongwalollo le phetolelo, sephetho le ka ntlafatsoa tswakana protheine.

Phello ea ho thusa insulin ka metabolism lipid bakoang ke 'nete ea hore ho fana ka tshebediso ya lik'habohaedreite bakeng sa tswakana ea acid e phahameng carboxylic, ba se ba ntse thehoa triacylglycerols le lipids tse ling. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, ka insulin thibela dinama tse nyenyane tse lipase, ho akarelletsa le e loketseng ho thibelo ea liahelo sebopeho. Lekaneng sebopeho sa ho thusa insulin ka 'mele o tsamaea le eketsehile ho senyeha ha ya-amino acid,' me qetellong e isa ho bokella ammonia le urea maling. Ebe o kenya tshebetsong lipolysis, ea isang ho bokella mali ba acid mahala mafura, 'mele ketone | le k'holeseterole e.

Hormone ea manyeme ho: glucagon. liphofu Glucagon ke lisele tse sebete, adipose dinama tse nyenyane tse 'me mesifa, empa ea ka sehloohong ke sebete, e leng e butswe tlas'a tšusumetso glucagon phosphorylase, eo le eena activates le hydrolysis tsa glycogen. Ka lebaka leo, palo ea glycogen ka sebete decreases le eketseha ka tsoekere mali. Ho phaella moo, glucagon kgothaletsa gluconeogenesis, activates lipolysis tsa adipose dinama tse nyenyane tse 'me ka tsela thibela ntshetsopele ya botenya. Ena e tsamaea le sebopeho sa e ngata ea acetyl-CoA le ketone | mele. Decreases glucagon secretion ka hyperglycemia le eketsa le khatello ea kelello 'me a sebetse ka thata.

Hormone ea manyeme ho: somatostatin. Incretion igibiruet a sebetsang a hormone ea insulin le glucagon, gastrin le kgetho gastrinstimuliruyuschuyu secretion ea acid e hydrochloric. Ditlolo tsa incretion ea ka insulin, glucagon, le somatostatin leng sesosa sa tsoelo-pele ea lefu la tsoekere. lefu lena e tšoauoa ka bofokoli kakaretso, hyperglycemia, glycosuria, polyuria (letsatsi palo ea eketseha moroto ke makhetlo a 3-5), ho na le lefu la tsoekere cataract, corneal opacity ile ha tlalehoa.

Hormone ea manyeme ho: lipokain le vagotonin. Lipokain - hormona-joaloka ntho eo ho thibela mafura sebete, ho di hlohleletsago le ho kena moea oa mafura, acid tse mafura le sehokelo bona ho tloha sebete ho lisele tse ba, e khothalletsa biosynthesis tsa phospholipids. Vagotonin di hlohleletsago mosebetsi oa tsamaiso ea methapo parasympathetic, haholo-holo methapo ea kutlo vagus, activates dithulaganyo hematopoiesis.