Nyenyane intestine: tlhaloso, sebopeho le mosebetsi

Mokhoa oa ho sebelisana le tšesaane le intestine kgolo? ke litšobotsi tsa likarolo e emela pampitšaneng ena tshilong ya dijo eng? ke karolo e phethoang ke ba banyenyane intestine papali ka tshebetso ya ho absorption ea limatlafatsi ke efe? Re tla leka ho araba tsena le tse ling lipotso ka ikokobelletsa ba.

Karolo ea intestine e nyenyane ea motho a le

Khetholla joalo tse nyenyane mantle a:

1. Duodenum connects ho sebakeng mala khelohileng. Ena ka lekhetlo la pele tse nyenyane intestine bopa le sekgoqetsane ho pota manyeme pere. duodenum The e hoo e ka bang ka ho feletseng teng ka cavity retroperitoneal. Ka nģ'ane tekanyong ea sebaka feela karolo e leketlileng lona tse nyenyane - ampoule.
2. Jejunum bopa maemo a hodimo manyenyane. Fanoa ka mokgwa wa loops tse supileng tse larileng ka ka lehlakoreng le letšehali la peritoneum ena.
3. Ileum sebakeng sebaka tlaase tokelo ea mpa ea. Lona qetellong ea sekgoqetsane fetisa sebakeng pelvic. The ileum e amana ho mola le e atamelane haufi le senya, ea popelo (ka basali).

entsprechen 'meleng

The dikarolo hodimo ya intestine nyenyane likarolo tse ling fapaneng na le bophara ba lekane. Ka distal libaka-index e 2-3 cm, proximal ho - 4-6. The bokima jwa leboteng mala o lekana le limilimithara 2-3 le fihla 4,5 tabeng ea ho fokotsa dinama tse nyenyane tse. Bolelele ba intestine nyane ka kakaretso e ka ba limithara tse 5-6. Ka nako e tšoanang boima ba sona e ka batho ba baholo ke hoo e ka bang 650

Nyenyane intestine: mafapha, mesebetsi,

The kgolo tshilo ya dijo dithulaganyo tse etsahalang ka intestine nyenyane. The lera mucous ya dinama tse nyenyane tse ea moo o hlahisa e ngata haholo ea potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale le mafolo-folo. Ba sebetswa hummus - lijo gruel bōpiloe ke dijusi gastric. Mona likarolo e molemo li ananelang ka lisele tsa mmele le mali methapong hore fana ka lipalangoang tsa bona ho lisele tse le tsamaiso ea lekala. Nahana ka se ileng mesebetsi di etsoa ke dikarolo tsa intestine tse nyenyane:

• Duodenum - the hydrolysis ea lihaha-'mele, lik'habohaedreite, mafura. Ho fana ka tlhahiso ea mafolofolo enzyme tshilong ya dijo. Tšebetso ea undigested likaroloana lijo bile lipalangoang la tse ka hare mala.
• Jejunum - enjene, fire, mosebetsi hormonal, ho hydrolysis tsa polymers.
• Iliac sebakeng - ho tsamaisa le dilenaneo mosebetsi. E fana ka absorption ea dintho tse thehoa ka ho hydrolysis. Ntlafatsa bile acid.

E leng bokhoni ba ea lisele tsa intestine nyane ho hlahisoeng ha li-hormone

Ho hlahisa li-hormone sebetsang sebakeng sa hae e le mosebetsi o itseng oa dinama tse nyenyane tse ea moo. Karolo ea intestine nyane ha karolo e itseng feela ea pampitšana tshilong ya dijo, empa hape e le karolo ea tsamaiso ea endocrine. Se hlahisa lenane lohle la li-hormone hore laola ho tsamaisa le dilenaneo mosebetsi ya intestine le tshilong ya dijo.

Ka intestine nyane tsepamisa e behiloeng latelang ea lisele endocrine:

• Ke-lisele tse - hlahisa cholecystokinin;
• D-lisele tse - somatostatin;
• M-lisele tse - motilin;
• G-lisele tse - gastrin;
• K-lisele tse - tsoekere-itšetlehileng ka insulinotropic polypeptide;
• S- lisele tse - secretin.

The bongata ba lisele tsa tsona li-hormone tse hlahisang teng ka jejunum le duodenum. Nyenyane karolo ea bona - ka iliac ena.

Joang tshilo ya dijo ka intestine bo bonyenyane?

Tshilo ya dijo ka intestine tse nyenyane ka tsela e latelang. Pele ho tšoaroa mathe le gastric lero makhasi ao e tsoang mpeng ke asiti. Ka intestine tse nyenyane boima e emeloang ke tlhaselo alkaline. Ka tsela eo maemo a homolog bakeng sa sebetsana limatlafatsi enzyme. Bokaholimo ba matsoele ea likarolo protheine ea slurry lijo e susumetsoa ke thepa ea motheo e latelang ea dijusi mala:

1. Enzyme enterokinase, kinazogen, trypsin sebetswa liprotheine bonolo.
2. Erepsin cleaves peptides ka-amino acid.
3. Nuclease dishere ho trace limolek'hule tse rarahaneng se hlahang ho yona protheine, e tsejoang e le nucleoproteins.
4. Enzyme maltase, phosphatase, amylase le lactase heletsa lik'habohaedreite.
5. Lipase fetola mafura.

Mora tswakana ya dintho le thuso ho tswa ho makhasi ao lijo ke kalafo ka potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale, proteinaceous le k'habohaedreite constituents ba ananelang villi ya intestine nyenyane. Ho ekelletsa moo mosaletsa likarolo sebetsa ka methapong venous ka dinama tse nyenyane tse sebete. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, mafura a romeloa ho tsamaiso lymphatic.

Mafu a ya intestine nyane

The maloetse atileng ka ho fetisisa tse amang intestine nyenyane, ke letšollo le setuloana lieha litseleng. mafu a Defecation ba atisa ho tsamaea le ntshetsopele ya bohloko peritoneum ena. hangata ha ho, tabeng ea chefo le mafu a ya intestine nyane ho na le ho hongata hoo ya flatulence. Tabeng ena, bohloko e khutšoanyane, e leka-lekaneng 'me ha se sa le palokatiso khōlō boemong bo sa thabiseng ka.

A letšoao le tloaelehileng la ho hlōleha ka mosebetsi oa intestine tse nyenyane - kirietsa ho peritoneum e, boikutlo ba mekhatlo atypical ka mpa wa. Hangata ka ho fetisisa, matšoao ana a bakoa ke ho hlahisoeng khase ea tletseng ho tloha tshebediso ya legumes, k'habeche, litapole, bohobe ba rye bo. Haholo kgothaletsa le matšoao ana e ka ba bosiu.

Bakeng sa liphello tse tebileng ho feta fella ka ho hlōleha ka ho hlahisoa ha enzyme le petsoha chyme ka micronutrients. Ha tshilo ya dijo e loketseng ho absorption ea dintho ka lijaneng tsa mali le lisele tsa mmele, ha e etsahala hantle, ho ka 'na lebisa boima ba' mele, ho fokolisa ya bone bone le mesifa dinama tse nyenyane tse. Liphello tsa ho indigestion hangata ho lahleheloa moriri, letlalo omileng, ponahalo ea ho ruruha ka lipheletsong ena.

Ho na le maemo a 'maloa tsa motheo tsa hore etsa hore tsoelo-pele ea pathologies ka intestine tse nyenyane:

• Malabsorption - malabsorption limatlafatsi.
• Maldigestion - tlaase tshilong ya dijo mosebetsi.

Haeba re bua ka a sa tšoanelehe boleng ba sebetsa lijo slurry, liketsahalo tse tšoanang li etsahale khahlanong le semelo sa maemo tlaase ea enzyme ka dijusi le mala. Tlaase belisoa ka ba ka bobeli e fumanweng le liphatsa tsa lefutso. Hangata plan bolwetse protrude lebaka la ho ruruha le sa foleng, mafu endocrine, tsereletsi ho buoa.

tlhathoba

Ho hlahloba tsoelo-pele ea mafu a mala, litsebi li resorted ho mekhoa e joalo ea dinyakisiso:

• komiki tlhlahlobo;
• SPL;
• colonoscopy;
• endoscopy;
• fibroscopy;
• radiography.

Mabapi le and analysis, ho na le tse fana ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng. Mokuli kenya tefo eohle setuloana sampole, mali e nkiloeng. The litulo li ne li hlahlojoa bakeng sa ho ba teng ha liboko. Ka ho ithuta le hore mali a elwa hloko lebelo la motsamao oa lisele tse khubelu tsa mali. Ho phaella moo, a etsa tlhathoba, eo lumella ho hlahloba sebete le thyroid tsoelesa e.

kalafo

Therapy ikemiseditse ho tsosolosa mesebetsi ya intestine nyenyane, ho akarelletsa ho, pele ho tsohle, ho felisoa ha lefu lena le se ipatileng. Ka ho hloka enzyme ka dijusi le mala nka litokisetso nang ba baemeli maiketsetso. Ena boima ba 'mele e ka abeloa ho bolela bakeng sa phepo e nepahetseng parenteral lisele. E le karolo ea ho ba teng morao tjena tsa emulsion ea mafura,-amino acid, hydrolysates protheine, khobokellane tsoekere.

Haeba mathata a bakoang ke dysbiosis mala, ho laela lithibela-mafu. Ea bobeli e ka khopisang leeme kapa ka ho feletseng timetso ea limela le molemo. Ka lebaka lena, ka mora kalafo ea mokuli hloka kenoa "Bifikol", "Lactobacterin" kapa "kolibakterin" - lihlahisoa tsa likokoana-hloko hore na le le phello e ntle ho tsosolosoa ha biocenosis mala.

hangata ha ho, bakuli ba tšoeroeng ke mafu a ka intestine nyenyane, ba fuoa kabelo ea ho fumana meriana e bakang le mantle tiiso. Tsena li akarelletsa lithethefatsi le dikahare tse phahameng tsa khalsiamo, bismuth. Ha sebopeho sa mantle mokelikeli ho etsa hore lekaneng mamarello mafura acid, ho lokisa bothata bona li resorted ho tshebediso ya butswe k'habone. Kaofela ha tsoelo-pele e ka holimo mpe hloka pele ho kalafo ho ngaka. Ho tlisa intestine nyane ho tloaelehile, ke habohlokoa ho tela ho intša, phumano nakong le mokhoa oa ho itsireletsa lekaneng ho phekolo pele setsebi.

Qetellong

Kahoo re sheba hore ka bobona ke likarohano tse nyenyane intestine, sebopeho e emela karolo ea pampitšana tshilong ya dijo. Joalokaha u ka bona, e dinama tse nyenyane tse ea moo ba ameha ka ho toba ka ho lokisa lijo, petsoha hore e be liminerale tse arohaneng. Nyenyane intestine hlahisa enzyme, divithamini, li-hormone, mahlahana a hore ntlafatsa mosebetsi 'mele. Ka nako e tšoanang le ketsahalo e sa khaello ea libaktheria tse molemo hore ba phele ka marako a oona, kamehla etsa hore tsoelo-pele ea maemo pathological.