Mahaha a - ka shafts tlhaho, cavities le liliba tse hlahang karolo e 'ngoe qhibilihang ka har'a rock. Ba na meeli e hlakileng le ho arches matsaranka li thehoa ka lebaka la tjhoko le lejoe la mokoetla. Libakeng moo mariha a batang, moea batang kena ka lehaheng 'me ho ke ema felo gotee, kahoo esita le nakong ea lehlabula mocheso moea e haufi le lefela. Le ka marako le siling thehoa e leqhoa karolong e ka holimo, stalactites le stalagmites. Kungur Ice Cave, teng sebakeng Perm, e mong oa ka ho fetisisa tummeng le kholo ka ho fetisisa mahaheng Russia, ho re susumelletsa hore bolelele ba hoo e ka bang ka likhoeli tse tseletseng km. Located ka hare e leralleng leqhoa lebōpong le letona la Sylva noka.
Moo mahaheng thehoa overlie joalo mafika tse kang lejoe la mokoetla le gypsum, tjhoko, dolomite, 'mabole le letsoai. Ho na le metsi a pula ka ho lekaneng 'me bophahamo. Mahaha bopilwe paatsepama likheo, liliba, shafts, litemana sekametse, crevices, liholo le labyrinths. Ka marako le siling kopana stalagnates, stalagmites, stalactites, sinter-thehoa marotholi le capillary lera helictites, le crystallictites corallites. Ka bolibeng ba mahaheng ba phallang linōka sekhukhu, liphororo, matša thehoa le bohehang "zaberegami". Bakeng sa mahaha tšoauoa ka e microclimate khethehileng. Seo ho thoeng ke speleofauna ka lebaka la ho haelloa ke khanya ea letsatsi le mahloriso tse phahameng tsa carbon dioxide. moea mocheso ka hare kamehla le ba lekanang le karolelano mocheso tsa sebakeng seo ho eo ba haufi.
Karolong e ka boroa ea Ural Mountains, se sebakeng sa Bashkortostan, ke lehaheng Shulgan-Tash. Ka 1950, Union lintho tsa khale A. Ryumin ithutile lehaheng. O ile a fumana litšoantšo lefika e ka bang ka halofo ea kilometer dari. Image litsukulu, mammoths, bison le lipere li ne li entsoe ka ocher. Epile mesaletsa batho, masapo a liphoofolo, mashala a bontša hore ho na le ne e le batho ba fetang leshome le metso e mene le halofo lilemo tse likete tse fetileng. Joale musiamo e hahiloeng ka hare lehaheng.
mahaheng Russia ba bangata. Ba ka ba fumanang ka Bochabela Sayan Mountains le ka Suburbs ena. mahaheng All toropo na le hlahang ho yona maiketsetso. Ka bohareng ba lilemo tsa bo-ea leshome le metso e robeli ka libaka tsena re nka lejoe le bakeng sa kaho ea Moscow. Ha nako e ntse e mong susumeletsa hlōleha, e mong ha thehoa ea liphoso le fractures. Jwale Podmoskovnye mahaheng hole fete bolelele ba Caucasus. Ba hohela litsebi le bahahlauli. Batho ba leka ho hlasimolla ho fihlela ka matsatsi a ea bohlooho, ho na le ho keteka matsatsi a tsoalo, machato le mekete e meng. boitšoaro bo sa lokelang ka sekoting sa chankana le ka linako tse ling ho etsa hore liphello tse bohloko. Ka lebaka la sena, menyakong ho koari le e tletse ka ho ba boholong.
Morao tjena, mahaheng qala ho sebelisetsoa merero ea meriana. microclimate bona e na le thepa ea folisa bakeng sa ba tšoeroeng ke asma. Tekanyo tse phahameng tsa radioactivity le ionization tsa moea mahaheng ba le liphello tse molemo ka tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo le pelo le methapo. Speleoclimatic pele kamoreng a hlomelloa ka sanatoriums "Kama" le "Malachite" ka hotel Ust-Kachka.