Lithethefatsi "Novocaine": litaelo bakeng sa ho sebelisoa, theko. "Novocaine" ka ho ima

Medicine "Novocaine" ke e atlehang analgesic lithethefatsi. Meriana ka lethathamo la disebedisweng tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea meriana.

Diokobatsi thepa "Novocaine" lithethefatsi

Litaelo bakeng sa ho sebelisoa e bontša hore lithethefatsi e na le lehae thethefatsa itekanetseng mosebetsi, ho pharaletseng sebelisoa ka ikwetlisetse bongaka. Ho lokisetsa "Novocaine", e leng ba ho fokola botlaaseng, metjha e sodium ba koetse inhibiting ntshetsopele le boikatiso ea litakatso tsa methapo ea kutlo tse likhoele methapo ea kutlo le dipheletso. Ha ho fumana litla moriana o fetola tse khonehang liseleng neuronal, le litla bohlokoa ka ho phomola ka 'nang ha e fane ka. Lithethefatsi patelang batho boikatiso ea litakatso tsa bohloko.

Nakong ea fire le hang-hang kena maling ha tsamaisoa entoe ho na le ea fokotseha ea excitability ea litsamaiso cholinergic pheriferale, le fokotswa ho ikatisa tsa ho lokolloa ha acetylcholine dipheletso preganglionic. The moriana o "Novocaine" (taeo e pukwanana e hlalosa ka ena) felisa spasms a mesifa boreleli, ho fokotsa excitability tsa sebakeng dilenaneo ya cortex boko le infarction.

Bakeng sa ho sebelisoa intravenous, tharollo e na antiarrhythmic, hypotensive, antishock, phello analgesic, eketsa nako refractory, haholo fokotsa conductivity, le automaticity excitability. Ka ho sebelisoa ha tekanyetso e phahameng ka 'na la hlaha ho tlōla ea methapo ea kutlo le mesifa conduction, tsitsipana ba hlokomela.

moriana tlosa Brake sephetho tlaase ya bakoang boko, le phello e tepeletsang maikutlo ka reflexes polisinapticheskie. Ho na le nako e khutšoanyane thethefatsa mosebetsi. Action khukhuneloa thethebatso nka ho tswa ho metsotso e 30 ho ea ho hora 1. The tharollo "Novocain" kenyelletsoa intramuscularly bakuli ba hōlileng ka mekhahlelo ea pele ea pathologies ka katleho loantša mafu a amanang le phytoteratology tshebetsong ya tsamaiso ea methapo, spasms bokong, gogoga le vascular kgatelelo ya madi.

moriana o hampe ananelang ka mucous le. Ha moemeli a sebetsang a ka lebelo ente kena maling, e hydrolyzed ke esterases lisele le lero la mali, eaba ba etsa mabeli a maholo a sebetsang a metabolite: PABA (ba khahlanong le lōna chemotherapeutic sulfa lithethefatsi) le diethylaminoethanol (le e leka-lekaneng vasodilating bohato). Di behilwe ka liphio ka mokgwa wa metabolites.

Ea ho hlophisoa le mofuta o mong oa "Novocaine" lithethefatsi

Hatisa lithethefatsi e le tharollo bakeng sa ente e ka ho hlaka, colorless mokelikeli, ka ampoules bophahamo ba modumo tsa 1 le 20ml. The peresente ya a sebetsang a motsoako ho eona ke 0,25 le 0.5. Ho phaella moo, one- le tse peli lekholong ho lokolloa "Novocaine" ho lokisetsa tharollo. Theko ea foromo ena e ka bang 15 li-ruble.

Popular le phofo, hammoho le tharollo nyopa oa moriana o, a tšela ka vials tsa 0,2 le 0,4 a etsang dilitara tse. Bakeng sa ho phekoloa mafu a mangata a sebetsa mafura 5 le karolo ea 10 lekholong, 'me suppositories, eo na le dikgerama 0,1 ba mafolofolo motsoako (procaine hydrochloride), hammoho le dikarolo ea thusang - witepsol kapa tallow. 1 di ml e ntho a sebetsang a leng ka palo ea dikgerama 0,005, dikarolo eketsehileng sebetsa acid e hydrochloric le metsi bakeng sa ente.

ho bonahala

Lithethefatsi "Novocaine" litaelo bakeng sa ho sebelisoa ba khothalletsoa hore ba thonya ho phetha retrobulbar, seemelong sa libese, lesapong la mokokotlo, terata, epidural, khukhuneloa thethebatso. Ho sebelisa moriana o lihlahisoa vagosympathetic le perirenal jugular thibela likepe. Kopo ea suppository e atlehang analgesia le mapetsong anal haemorrhoids. Ho sebelisa setlolo bakileng matšoao a neurodermatitis, eczema, ho hlohlona dermatosis.

Medicine "Novocaine": litaelo tsa tšebeliso

Liente batho ba baholo bakuli ka etsa khukhuneloa thethebatso ka bophahamo ba modumo ea 300-600 mg, (liphesente tse 0.25-0.5 tharollo).

Ka thata ka ho hahabang khukhuneloa Wisniewski Tsamaiso e etsoa ke kenyelletsa 0,25% tharollo ka palo ea 125 di ml. Epidural thethebatso se etsoa ka thuso ea "Novocaine" a mabeli lekholong tharollo. Liente motataisi o buella e litekanyetso li behoa ea 25 di ml. thethebatso lesapo la mokokotlo fumanoa ka 2-3 di ml tse 5% ea lithethefatsi. Ka Ent ikwetlisetse 10% ya tharollo ea lithethefatsi e sebediswa bakeng sa thethebatso ea lihlooho tsa puisano.

Ho eketsa nako ya bohato ba lithethefatsi 'me fokotsa absorbability lona,' me le tsona ka lehae thethefatsa lithethefatsi "Novocaine" hlapolotsoeng tharollo ea epinephrine hydrochloride. Ho phetha electrophoresis buelloa ho sebelisa 10% ea lithethefatsi. Mafura perirenal ha thibela likepe tsa Wisniewski tla kena tse 60 kapa 120 di ml 0.5-th, kapa 0,25% tharollo, ka ho latellana. Vagosympathetic thibela likepe tse hlahisoang ke kenyelletsa 100 di ml sehlahisoa sa 0,25% mahloriso.

Ho sa tsotellehe ho contraindications liente "Novocaine" bana ba atisa ho e balletsweng e le analgesic nakong ea tsamaiso ea meriana tse ling. litekanyetso li behoa e balwa thehiloeng boima ba ngoana (sa milligrams fetang 15 ka kilogerama).

suppositories Rectal sebelisoa ka mor'a pele a etsa purgation dessyecik enema kapa ea tlhaho. Ha pathologies letlalo setlolo e sebelisoa ho e amehang, lera tšesaane koahela makhetlo a mabeli ka ho kokota.

litla-morao

Lithethefatsi "Novocaine" (litaelo bakeng sa ho sebelisoa lemosa ena) ho ka etsa hore a halefe.

Central le pheriferale tsamaiso ea methapo araba meriana hlooho e opang, ho fokola, ho otsela, molikoalikoane, ho restlessness, sethoathoa. Maemong a mang, ho na le ke tremor, tahlehelo ea kelo-hloko, lockjaw, utloa 'me bonwang kholofalo, paraesthesia, shoele litho ea maoto ea, nystagmus. Ho phaella moo, ho ka ba le ho hema shoele litho, thibela mesifa ea matšoafo.

Cardio-vascular tsamaiso e khopo ke ho fetoha ha khatello ea mali, ho na le bohloko ba ka sefubeng, arrhythmia, bradycardia, putlama, vasodilatation pheriferale.

tsamaiso ea mosese le tshilong ya dijo arabela meriana tšebeliso involuntary ntša metsi, defecation, ho hlatsa le ho nyekoa ke pelo.

Ka lehlakoreng la tsamaiso ea ho potoloha ha mali ho litla-morao kenyeletsa methaemoglobinaemia. Ho phaella moo, lithethefatsi li ka etsa hore kulisa:

• hives;
• anaphylaxis ;
• letlalo lekhopho;
• ho hlohlona.

Bakeng sa liphetoho tse ling tse mpe kenyeletsa phehellang thethebatso, ho hloka matla, hypothermia, bohloko khutla. Nakong thethebatso ka ho phekola meno o ile a re lelefatsa thethebatso, paresthesia le shoohlo molomo le leleme.

overdose

Ho sebelisa "Novocaine" lithethefatsi lengolo la ngaka, eona e bontšang hore kalafo Melao ea lokela ho e balletsweng ke ngaka. Ho hlōleha ho etsa lintho tumellanong le melao ea tsamaiso e ka 'na ea ba le lipontšo oa overdose e. Matšoao a sebelisoa ka tsela e feteletseng ea moriana o ba pallor tsa lera la ka mucous le letlalo integument, methaemoglobinaemia, apnea, khatello lerotholi tšohanyetso, tachycardia, bokhutšoanyane phefumoloho, ho hlatsa, ho fufuleloa a batang, ho nyekoa ke pelo, ho tsekela. Bakuli ba nang le boikutlo ba ho tšaba, dilenaneo pherekano, tsitsipana, lipono. E le hore ho felisa liponahatso tsa overdose, ho hlokahala hore ho phetha ventilation methapo le oksijene inhalation, maemong a rarahaneng, ho laela bontshang matshwao le detoxification phekolo.

Contraindications

Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi e ka ha bakuli bohle. Ha ea ka mokhoa o thethebatso hanela e hahabang khukhuneloa moemeli bakeng sa liphetoho dinama tse nyenyane tse fibrotic. Subarachnoid thethebatso sitoa ho ho phethahatsoa ka septicemia ka, e re tsitsipane, hypotension, tsoa mali. E sa kgothaletswa ho etsa kalafo bo sa reroang, ho etsa mohlala, etsa compress le "Novocaine".

Ka ho lokisetsa hloko sebelisoa nakong ea tshebetso bakuli le ho lahleheloa ha a hlobaetsang le mali, a liphio hloleha; bakeng sa maemo a amanang le phokotseho ya phepelo e amanang le sebete mali, e tsoetseng pele cardiac le vascular insufficiency; holim 'a tshwaetso ka site ente; hlabang pathologies. Tlas'a tlhokomelo e khethehileng ya kalafi ke ho hlokahala hore ho sebelisa meriana ha ba beleha, bakuli ba boima 'me ba debilitated, batho ba hōlileng le ho bana ba ka tlaase ho lilemo tse boholo.

Le meriana ea ho kopantswe le anticoagulants ( "danaparoid" "Warfarin", "Ardeparin", "dalteparin", "Enoxaparin" "Heparin") ho eketsa kotsi ea mali. Ho theola khatello le bradycardia hlokomela nakong tsamaiso tsoa hong ea meriana ho meriana "trimetafan", "mecamylamine", "guanadrel", "guanethidine." Eketsa ea moo moriana o thethefatsang kutlo liketso tsa hlahisa chelete "Epinephrine," "methoxamine", "Phenylephrine."

Features ya kopo ya

Pele hlapolla "Novocaine" 'me le etse enta, hlokahala hakaalo ho fumana nahanela motho ho meriana. Ho etsa sena, etsa tlhahlobo ea letlalo, 'me ha ho na le redness le ho ruruha ka ahloloa ka motho a le mong bao e seng amohelana bolela.

Nakong ea kalafo e ke ho hlokahala hore ho hlokomela ea ka tšebetso ea pelo le methapo, methapo le ho hema tsamaiso ea. Ho fokotsa systemic kgahlamelo ya maqhubu a, toxicity le eketsa phello ea lithethefatsi nakong ea thethebatso moo, lithethefatsi "lidocaine" kapa "Novocaine" le sebelisitsoe ka kopanelo le vasoconstrictors. Bakeng sa ena, e 'ngoe lerotholi la epinephrine hydrochloride tharollo ile a phaella ka ho 3 ml tse ea moriana o "Novocaine".

A phahameng ea mahloriso ea tharollo sebelisoa ka ho eketsehileng, ke lithethefatsi tse chefo. Ho fokotsa mabotho a tshusumetso e kgothaletswa ho fokotsa litekanyetso li behoa ka kakaretso ya moriana o kapa hlapolotsoeng ho ea mahloriso tlaase. Sena se etsoa ka nyopa tharollo isotonic tsa sodium chloride.

Bakeng sa ho thibela le hypersensitivity itsoara joang ka mekhahlelo ea pele ea kalafo laolwa 2 di ml tse peli lekholong tharollo, 'me ka mor'a matsatsi a mararo (haeba ho na le litla na lehlakoreng) lethal dose e ile ea eketseha ho 3 ML,' me joale o tsoela pele ho sebelisa molumo feletseng - 5 di ml ka ho ya ka ente.

Nakong ea kalafo outpatient hlokahala ho tlohela ho khanna le ho kenngwa tshebetsong ha mesebetsi e amanang le tlhokomelo e eketsehileng, lebelo la dilenaneo le itšoare ka a kelello.

Sebelisana le lithethefatsi tse ling

Ha laolwa entoe, lithethefatsi kgothaletsa e le hantle inhibitory ka tsamaiso ea methapo sedatives, robetse lipilisi, lisebelisoa sebediswa bakeng sa thethebatso kakaretso, ea kelello le analgesics narcotic. Lithethefatsi e lelefatsa ea ketso ea mesifa, le literata methapo ea kutlo le bakoang ke suxamethonium. Kotsi ea hypotension e ile ea eketseha ka sebelisoa a ikopantseng a chelete "Novocaine" le Mao inhibitors).

lithethefatsi Anticholinesterase eketsa toxicity ea moriana, thibela metsoako hydrolysis lona. Le para-aminobenzoic acid e, e leng ke metabolite la moriana, decreases phello loantsang likokoana tsa sulfonamides, hobane ba ne ba sa sebetse ka leeme tlhōlisano hanyetsang. Kgonego a itšoare ea moo ka sebōpeho sa edema le eketseha le matsoai a hlokoang ka liente lokisa sebaka sa thethefatsa tsamaiso ea moo ka tsela ditharollo sebolaya ditwatsi nang tšepe e boima.

Ho sebelisoa ha "Novocaine" lithethefatsi nakong ea bokhachane

Nakong ea ho ba le bana le basali ba bangata ba tobane le ho hlokahala kalafo meno kapa matšoao a tse fapa-fapaneng tse sa thabiseng tse kang bohloko khutla. Ka ho phekola meno, thethebatso e sebediswa hangata ka ho fetisisa ho bolela "Novocaine". Tšebeliso ea lithethefatsi e ka maemo ana e amohelehang. O feela lokela ho tsebisa ngaka ea hao mabapi le ho ima hore o ne a sebelisa lithethefatsi, e kentse boemo ba hona joale. Ha toxicosis, ba tsoela pele ka ho fetoha ha khatello ea mali, e le ile a lumella meriana "Novocaine". Ka ho ima, e sebelisa ho ka khoneha feela ka khatello ea phahameng, ka mor'a hore a buisane pele ka ngaka.

Sesebelisoa ntsetso-peleng ea mosebetsi oa ea pelo le phomotse phello mesifa ena. Ha matšoao a bohloko ka mpeng, e leng di amanang le lefu le peptic seso, re ho kgothaletsa ho sebelisa suppositories. Normalize hemorrhoids khatello ea hape khoneha ho sebelisa suppositories. Lithethefatsi "Novocaine" le sebelisitsoe nakong ea bokhachane feela ka lengolo la ngaka, ba ikhopolang ho meriana e sa a lumella! The setsebi tla bale lethal dose hlokahalang le maqhubu a ea tsamaiso, ka mor'a ho hlahloba ho litsupa ea bokhachane. Suppositories sebelisoa habeli letsatsi le letsatsi, pele ho tlosa 'mele ka tsela enema.

Theko le lithethefatsi analogues "Novocaine"

Theko "Novocaine" ho lokisetsa (theko le ka tsela e sa tšoaneng ka na bapharmasi motho) ka vials (0.5%) ke 22 li-ruble. Ka vial 0,25% tharollo (200 di ml) kapa suppositories rectal tla fana ka 27 li-ruble. analogues mehaho ea lithethefatsi a sebetsang a ke medicaments:

• "Procaine hydrochloride".
• "Novocain lefisa."
• "Novocaine-Vial".
• "Novocaine Bufus".