Lihlopha tsa lithibela-mafu tse sebelisang meriana e sebetsang

Likokoana-hloko ke lihlahisoa tsa bophelo ba likokoana-hloko, liphoofolo le limela, hammoho le lihlahisoa tsa tsona tse entsoeng ka tlhaho le lihlahisoa tse entsoeng ka lihlopha tsena tse senyang kapa li emisa nts'etsopele ea likokoana-hloko ho 'mele oa batho kapa oa liphoofolo. Likokoana-hloko li boetse li ama matla a ho fetoha ha likokoana-hloko. Ho fihlela joale, mefuta e mengata ea lithibela-mafu e entsoe, empa e meng ea eona e sebelisoa meriana e sebetsang. Sena se bakoa ke ts'oaetso ea bona e phahameng. Ka tlase ke lihlopha tse kholo tsa lithibela-mafu tse tsoang likokoana-hloko, liphoofolo le limela.

Lintho tse ka sehloohong tsa thepa ea ho lokisa likokoana-hloko li bōpela fung (griseofulvin, penicillin), actinomycetes (tetracyclines, rifamycins, streptomycins, levomycetins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, lipolotiki), li-fungus (fusidine), libaktheria (gramicidin, polymyxin), lichens (acid acid) (Rafanine, imanine, phytoncides), liphoofolo (lysozyme, erythrine, leukin, interferon, ekmolin, gamma globulins).

Likokoana-hloko tse matlafatsang ke lihlopha tsa mefuta-futa ea likokoana-hloko tse khonang ho senya likokoana-hloko tsa likokoana-hloko tse nyenyane haholo, tse bakang lefu. Lintho tse tummeng ka ho fetisisa ke lithethefatsi tse kang "Levorin", "Natamycin", "Nystatin". Matsatsing ana, lithethefatsi tsena ha li fuoe hangata, ka lebaka la bokhoni bo tlase le chefo e phahameng. Lithethefatsi tsa morao-rao li fana ka lithethefatsi tse ngata tse atlehang haholo tse fokolang, tseo butle-butle li tlohang lithibela-mafu tse hlabang.

Ho fanoa ka lik'hemik'hale, khetholla lihlopha tse joalo tsa lithibela-mafu: cephalosporins, penicillin, macrolides, levomycitins, tetracyclines, polymyxins, aminoglycosides, rifamycins le lipolotiki. Likokoana-hloko, ho fapana le likokoana-hloko tsa lik'hemik'hale, ho fihla holim'a seleng ea microbial kapa ho kenella ka hare, esita le ka lichelete tse nyenyane, ho senya mesebetsi ea eona ea bohlokoa e bitsoang osmotic (ho ikatisa, ho phefumoloha, phepo e nepahetseng) ho bontša baktericidal le bakteriostatic bohato.

Lihlopha tsa lithibela-mafu ka mechine ea liketso: li-inhibitors tsa lisele tsa sele (cephalosporins, penicillin); Likokoana-hloko tsa mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea biosynthese ea protheine le ea nucleic acid (levomycetins, streptomycins, aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, macrolides, rifamycins, chloromycins, actinomycins). Lithethefatsi tse kotsi ka ho fetisisa ho tsoa sehlopheng sena sa lithibela-mafu ke li-levomycetin le li-aminoglycosides, tse ka senyang mofu o khubelu oa masapo, sebete le liphio.

Ka lebaka la thekenoloji ea morao-rao, mochine oa ketso ea likokoana-hloko ea likokoana-hloko e lekaneng le limolek'hule o ile oa ithutoa, o ileng oa eketsa kutloisiso ea mekhoa e ka sehloohong e hlahang tlas'a tšusumetso ea bona. Ka mohlala, bafuputsi ba fumane hore tlhekefetso ea liprotheine tse susumelitsoeng ke lithethefatsi tsa teracycline, levomycetin le erythromycin li hlaha ka mekhahlelo e sa tšoaneng. Levomycetins e thibela tšebetso ea enzyme peptidyl transfase, erythromycin e sebetsa ka transzyase ea enzyme, le tetracyclines - mokhoa oa ho hokela liphallelo tsa ribonucleic acid ho ribosome.

Lihlopha tsa lithibela-mafu li fane ka mefuta e mengata ea phekolo ea likokoana-hloko. Likokoana-hloko tsohle li aroloa ka lithethefatsi tse fokolang le tse pharaletseng. Lithethefatsi tse joalo tse fokolang, joaloka "Erythromycin", "Oleandomycin" - li itšetlehile haholo ka microflora ea gram-positive, le polymyxin - ka gram-negative, le lipolotiki - li-fungus.

Lithethefatsi tse nang le liketso tse ngata (streptomycins, levomycitins, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides) li sebetsana le microflora tse peli tsa gram-positive le gram-negative, hammoho le likokoana-hloko tse ling, li-fungus, rickettsia, leptospira, protozoa.