Kildin Island. Leoatle le Barents. Lake Mogilnoye ka Kildin Island

Soaba tonanahali lefika, lelele ho fetela ho Barents Sea, Kildin sehlekehleke sohle - e hlollang sephiri sa tlhaho. Sebakeng sena kaofela e sa tloaelehang, ho tloha baahi, mabitso, histori ea tsoelo-pele ea batho le jioloji, e khabisitse naha mona le letšeng Mogilnoye.

Location sehlekehleke sohle

Karolong e ka leboea-bochabela ho Leoatle le Barents, lik'hilomithara tse 'maloa ho tloha tsoa ba ea Kola Bay ke Kildin. The lerootho Lejoe qubu teng ka motsoako oa litseleng tse khōlō leoatle, ba siea ho tswa Murmansk. E mong oa bona o ka Scandinavia ho Europe, ea bobeli - ho White Sea. Ho sehlekehlekeng kholo ka ho fetisisa, ba ile ba lula haufi le Murmansk lebōpong le, e sehang ka nģa tse ke Kola Hloahloeng.

Island History

Ka 1809, English freebooters barbarians nyoretsoeng sacked sehlekehlekeng Kildin ena liahelong, e thehiloeng sehlabeng lona maralleng. Ripitliloeng sebaka ile ka bakeng sa nako e telele sebakeng se hlaha ea lehoatata. Ho tloha ka nako eo, selae sa sehlekehlekeng ho ea ka boroa-bochabela, koung, ho Cape le letšeng ho jara lebitso la lona - Sheole. Lilemong tsa bo-XIX, re ntshetswa pele e ratang botumo porojeke e ne ntshetsopeleng sehlōhō lilomong, sehlekehleke e ne e le motse-moholo. Leha ho le joalo, ha ho letho le ea mofuta ho ileng sa etsahala.

Ke lula sehlekehlekeng maloa mocha Norwegian Eriksen. Tharo meloko e ea Eriksen lelapa ka palo yohle ba lula sehlekehlekeng seo ba ka bang 60 lilemo tse. Qalong ea lekholo la lilemo la XX ba boholong lebatowa kopanela ntshetsopeleng Kildin tsa dibopeho tsa motheo, investing chelete hlomphehang sa dipeeletso.

Ka nako e tšoanang na le fumane sebaka Social Mademokrate, sa batšoasi ba litlhapi. Ba ne ba sebelisa Kildin sehlekehleke sohle ka kangoo ntlha. Ba ile ba tlisoa mona molao lingoliloeng ea lipolotiki ho tloha Norway, o ne a rerile ho romeloa ho Arkhangelsk.

Ba bacha ba Soviet Union 'muso ka cheseho a qala ho ntshetsa pele ba sehlabeng majoe. Ka nako e khutšoanyane ho linaheng tse ka likhoebo e thehilweng. Ho na le e ne e le sebaka sa cooperative ho tšoasa litlhapi, a iodine litareng e dimela, mapolasi Pestsovoye boea le mekhatlo e meng. Pele ntoa e baahi bohle ba ile ba lula sebakeng Murmansk. Eriksen lelapa hatelloa. Sehlekehlekeng e ile ea e mosolotogamaano setsing sesole.

mehla ntoa sehlekehleke neng a reretsoe ho ba teng ka ho fihlela ho 90-ogy ea tse lekholo tse fetileng. sebaka sa eona e hlomelloa le posts by lemohileng, lintlha tsa ho ikopanya, moea tshireletso lerumo tsamaiso ea, moeling poso. Ho tla lema libeteri metsing, lerumo Regiment, o ile a nka tlhokomelo ya ho bōptjoa tsa dibopeho tsa motheo e loketseng.

Kajeno, e tletseng letsoho e baahi empa palo e nyenyane ea mehaho sesole lula Kildin Island. Photo ponahatso ea matla naha ea hae e entsoeng ke motho, ho tlohelloa expanses ea mesaletsa wretched ea boholo pele e neng e - ka thepa e matla sesole, mehaho ofisi le mehaho e sa bolulo.

Tlhaloso ea sehlekehleke

Ho ea ka sebopeho Geological sehlekehlekeng Kildin hoo e ka bang ho fapana le naha ena. naha ea eona e fapane haholo le se ka la Kola Hloahloeng. O se lithaba, le matsoapo a bonolo tse mona 'me le ho na le flecked le boriba le joang. Ho tloha ka bophirimela 'me e lebōpong le ka leboea ho moepa lona phahameng le precipitous. North lebōpong le ho tloha bochabela ho ea bophirimela e ile ea eketseha ka bophahamo.

Qetellong ea ya canyon tebileng, ea ileng a le karolo ea sebaka seo leboea-ka bochabela, ka molatsoaneng phallang. Ka moepa litlhōrō ka leboea le e ka boroa cascading liphororo. Ka lebōpong le ka boroa-bochabela ea sehlekehleke sena e se soahlamana koung e loketseng. Likepe, kaha o kena koung sepulchral tieo bankeng emisa.

Barents leeto, ho bula Bay Sheole ka 1594, a otla ka eona 'mapa. Bahlanka ba baitlami Solovetsky e ka boroa-bochabela lebōpong le lihlapi leng ka lilemo tse makholo a mabeli (17-18 lilemo tse makholo). Ka bochabela ho ea Bay larileng ka letšeng Mogilnoye.

Biota

Sehlekehlekeng seo ke lehae la mefuta e mengata ea linonyana, har'a oona ba elang hore a thathamisitsoe ho e le kotsing ea ho fela. Seagulls, buzzards, likhantši, matata le liphooko Polar leo ho ahiloeng ho sehlekehleke sohle Kildin. Leoatle le Barents - ba sehlekehleke sena ba li-dolphin, maruarua beluga, molai maruarua. Ho eona ba fumana Shoals ea herring, tseo tsa cod, halibut le bagre. Ka mabopo ho lokisetsa rookeries tiiso le liqibi. Ka metsi a linōka Zarubihi, Tipanovki le Klimovka beam litlhapi tsa salmon, tsa salmon le Arctic Char.

Ka Kildin kopana hares, liphokojoe le libere sootho. Ka linaheng tse ba hae ho hōla tloaelehile haholo - khauta motso (Rhodiola rosea). Ka chebo ea mahlo, ho bonahala eka ba lifate ka sehlabeng maralleng le siyo. Empa ho ke ke bohlokoa hlahloba - bone ka har'a joang mola feleng otlolla lifate manganga dwarf birch, patiwa le clumps ea malandro tse thunyang batlang e eketsa ho fihlela ho bophahamo lengole.

letšeng Mogilnoye

Ba ka bang likete tse peli tse fetileng sehlekehlekeng seo thehoa e sa tloaelehang relict letšeng. Buka e ikhethang letšeng ka Kildin Island Ho thehoa ke le dikarolo e 'maloa ea metsi. Tlase lera - bafu libaka le bohle sulfide hydrogen timetsa. Top - mohloli oa metsi a hloekileng. Karolo e bohareng ea pokello e tlala metsi letsoai le tse phelang metsing. Lera bohareng e ne e le bolulo ba mefuta e sa tloaelehang tloaelehile haholo, mutated tlhapi - Kildin ea cod, tlas'a tšireletso ea Red Book la Federation le Serussia.

Pakeng tsa ka tlaase le bohareng sulfide letsoai, "mokatong" ke lera - metsi, dailoeng ciliegia mmala. Ho pherese libaktheria lule - u phele impermeable mokoallo khona ho hopola le ho monya le khase bolaeang. Haeba ka tšohanyetso baktheria nyamela ho tloha letša, sulfide hydrogen tla qala ho tsoha ka le dikarolo e ka holimo, ho retelehela ho pond kena sebakeng hloka baahi.

Buka e ikhethang lefatše boemong pond hore ke bapisegeng, le hoja balelloa har'a muso liemahale tsa tlhaho, mesebetsi mofuta tšireletso ea ho sireletsa ho siea ho hongata ho lakatseha. Ho ea ka bo-rasaense, Kildin Island, Lake Mogilnoye - relic sebaka tsa tlhaho o tšoaneloa ke tlhokomelo e eketsehileng, tlhokomelo le lipatlisiso tse eketsehileng.

Features letšeng

The relict letšeng ba boholo-holo e ne e le karolo ea Leoatle le Barents. Ho ile ha thehoa ka lebaka la 'nete ea hore leoatle Shores tsoha. Metsi khumama ka sebaka sa tshebetso sa 96000 ^M2. Qetellong a fihla 560, 'me e le bophara ba limithara tse 280. Botebo ba letšeng le metsi bonaletsang tala tsoela ho limithara tse 17.

Hydrochemical ho leka-lekana pakeng tsa ba o khathollang le letsoai lera e hlokomelwa ka lebaka la hore metsi seeping tswa Barents Sea ka Mochophoro oa lefatše, ba arohane ka letšeng ho tloha leoatleng. theko bophara - 70, bophahamo ba - limithara tse 5.5 go. E ka holimo ea metsi lera ka botebo ba limithara tse 5 ka matla desalinate holim sediments.

Letšeng e abetswe libaka tse 'nè tse sa tšoaneng ka tekanyo e sa letsoai le metsing. baahi metsi lule ho ea pele le dikarolo tse tharo. Li fumanoa rotifers foreshe lera le copepods. metsi Marine ba leo ho ahiloeng ho sesang, crustaceans le leoatle tsa cod. Ka silnosolenoy metsi lula libaktheria pherese, ka potlako lokolloa sulfide hydrogen ka tlaase-tlaase e sa pheleng "mokatong" tsa pokello ea.