Khosana ea Kiev le Smolensk Rostislav Mstislavich

Ena ea masene le hole bonang ka mokhoa khosana ea ho busa le lesika la Rurik siile letšoao seholo historing ea Russia. O ile a khona ho fetola itseng principality ba tloaelehileng hore e be le nala atlehileng le ba sebakeng, le ileng la qala ho thabela litokelo tse sephara tse ikemetseng. Hape, o ile a bontša bohlale ka ditaba tsa setjhaba mor'a hore re amohele terone Kiev. Empa lona lokeloe bo-rahistori ba ka sehloohong lumela hore Prince Rostislav Mstislavich thibelwa feudal fragmentation, leka ho phehella leano la tiisetso le tiisetso ea linaha Serussia. Joale, e ne e le tsela ea hae ea bophelo, 'me katleho seo itseng a fihlellwa, ho ba' musi oa Russia? Nahana ka potso ena ka ho qaqileng haholoanyane.

Pedigree mola

Rostislav Mstislavich ka bokhutšoanyane ka eo e ne e tla ba ho sa lokelang ho narrate, e ne e le 'musi oa boraro oa Novgorod bana Mstislav Vladimirovich. Mehloli e ke sa dumellane ka potso ea ha a ne a ile a hlaha. Tse ngata tsa lipalo tsena ka sa 1100. Mor'abo rōna e Rostislav (Izyaslav) o ile a hlaha lilemo tse seng kae pele ho moo (ka lilemo tse 1097 kapa 1098). 'Mè oa' musisi bokamoso ba sebakeng Smolensk - morali oa Sweden ba morena oa Inge.

Ho ea ka litaba sa, Prince Rostislav Mstislavich amohetse ka taolo Smolensk ha a le lilemo li leshome le metso e mehlano feela. O ile a kolobetsoa e le ho hlompha Arhangela Mihaila, kahoo ka Kereke ea Orthodox e tsejoang e le Prince Mikhail Fedorovich.

E ne e le ka 1127 ho ile ha etsoa pele eo ho buuoang ka mehloli ena. nako ena ea histori e hopola haholo-holo ha e le hantle hore selekane sa sesole Monomakhich encroached ka meeli ea Principality tsa Polotsk le Rostislav Mstislavich ka boeena o ile a tsamaea ka motse Drutsk.

Ha ke fumana lefa?

Bo-rahistori ba ba pheha khang ea, 'me ha e le mora oa Mstislav Vladimirovich qala ho "laola" litaba tsa Smolensk principality. Ba bang ba re ho ile ha etsahala'ng ka 1125, ba bang ba - ka 1127. E o tsejoa hore Rostislav Mstislavich ho 1132 ka Smolensk Moreri e ile ea e ntate oa hae. Ka tsela eo e ne e le ngata tsa "matla" ba principality Kiev. Ka 1132 Mstislav shoa, 'me ba ' musi oa Russia fetoha mor'abo Jaropolk. New Khosana ea Kiev neha maemo a tlas'a taolo principality tsa Smolensk. Jaropolk le principality ke loketse ho thusa e le phapanyetsano bakeng sa sethabathaba sa.

Tsela principality nala

Ka nako ea lilemo tse 30 ho ea ho 50 ba XII lekholong la lilemo la Rostislav Mstislavich leka kahohle ho etsa bonnete ba hore e le lefa le behiloeng tlhokomelong ea hae e ile ea fetoha e matla, o atlehileng le moruong ikemetseng. 'Me ha a khona ho hlokomela litorong tsa bona.

Mora pele Mstislava Velikogo fetohe sebaka seo le behiloeng tlhokomelong ea mo ka principality le ile a tsejoa e le Smolensk likhosana. Ho feta moo, naha eo a neng a ka tloaelo ho akarelletse likarolo tse ling tsa Mogilev, Pskov, Tver, Vitebsk, Kaluga le Moscow liprofinseng. Ka bohareng ba bo 30-ogy ea XII lekholong la lilemo la ho tloha Rostislav tšimong ea matha hammoho nōka Protva, e leng Parish Puttino, Dobryatino, Bobrovnitsy, Dobrochkov, Bennitsa. Kahoo, Smolensk principality sebakeng e le setsi sa RUS magosana, kahoo ditshoso Link hoo e ka bang ne ke sa tsotelle hore eena. Ka tsela eo Rostislav Mstislavich, eo a biography e ithuta ka bo-rahistori ba ke ke ho fihlela qetellong, o ile a leka ho etsa hore retinue bohosana matlafaditswe le zemshchina, ea ileng a phetha karolo ea 'muso o hlaheletseng ka ho bua le litokollo tsa sechaba le tsa lipolotiki.

ntshetsopeleng ya Planning Urban

Ho fihlela 1125 le lefa la mora oa hae Mstislava Velikogo ho na le ne e le metse e meraro feela: Kasplya, Verzhavsk, Toropets. Rostislav Mstislavich (khosana ea Smolensk) o ile a laela a ka behang motse Rostislavl, Mstislavl, Izjaslavl, Yelnya, Dorogobuzh, le fetohe ka mor'a nako motseng metsana kang Vasilyev, Luchin, Propoisk, Krichev.

Religious na mwango ya ho sokoloha

Ho phaella ho leano la tsa litoropo, khosana e kopanela liphetoho tsa bohlokoa tsa bolumeli. O deduces tswa Smolensk principality Pereyaslavlskoy babishopo 'me se ba ikhopolang ho leng "moea" oa setereke.

Ho ba tsamaisa ho tšepa Prince Bishop Manuel, 'me ka mor'a nakoana o mo fa le tokomane eo e fana ka litokelo tsa hae e khōlō ea kereke. Dipoloma Rostislav Mstislavovitch lumelloa Smolensk babishopo amohetse likarolo tsa leshome ea moputso oa tsohle principality. Mora Manuel ea e-ba hlooho ea mobishopo, o ile a ile hang inehetseng khopolo ea Cathedral ka Smolensk, eo mora oa Mstislava Velikogo hahiloeng ka 1101.

Prince hape phahamisa palo ya meaho lejoe la bohlokoa ea bolumeli e ne e le novelty ea sebele bakeng sa Smolensk.

litlaleho tsa histori

Qala Smolensk Likronike hape o ile a fana Rostislav Mstislavich. Foromo ka eona qalong ea Chronicle, ka bomalimabe, ho fihlela ho hona joale ba sa kang ba bolokoa, empa mehloli e hamorao nako ntse ba thepa ea bo-rahistori ba mehleng ea kajeno.

"Smolensk News" e hlalosang bophelo ba ka Principality 30 - lilemo tse 60 tsa lekholo la lilemo la XII, ba ile ba isoa e le motheo bakeng sa ho bōptjoa "The Likronike tsa Rostislavovich" (lilemo tse 80 lekholong la XII) le sete ya Kiev (1200). Ka "The News", ka ho khetheha, ho ne ho builoeng ka ho thehoa ka 1136 tsa Smolensk mobishopo le tšimoloho ea mosebetsi oa kaho o lejoe. Hore 1136 e nkoa e le tšimoloho ea matsatsi a sebakeng Smolensk.

bōpa baahi

Ha Rostislav Mstislavich butswe ka tshebetso ya ho theha sechaba. Urban phahameng sechabeng Smolensk qala tlama tse ngata le ho feta bakeng sa lithahasello tsa bona tsa lipolotiki le tsa lefisa thato ea eona phahameng ka ho fetisisa le khosana. Maemong a joalo, o ne a mpa fetoha 'muelli oa' nete hore ba lipolotiki ba ea moo matla a phahameng sechabeng.

Ea puso ea lintoa

Rostislav Mstislavich (Smolensk) o ne a lula ka nako eo ka eona Russia loana ntoa ea lehae.

Hang ha lefu la ntate oa hae, Prince oona o kopanela banab'abo lona (Izyaslav le Vsevolod), ho hlōla khanyetso theha mokhatlo oa lipolotiki khahlanong le malome oa hae Yuriya Dolgorukogo le 'musisi oa Volyn naha Andrei Vladimirovich. Thupeng ke Pereyaslyavlskaya naha. Le ka 1141 Mstislavich khahlanong le Chernigov Olegovichy hore na le monyetla o phahameng ho lula fatše ka Novgorod le Kiev, terone. Olegovichy ka potlako o ile a romela hore a hlōle Smolensk. Ka mor'a likhoeli tse seng kae e le moena oa hae Rostislav Izyaslav a lema ho busa Novgorod mor'abo, 'me joale ile a fallela Chernigov. Empa morero oa ka sehloohong Mstislavich - ke Kyiv, e leng nakong eo loana ntoa e mahlo-mafubelu Yuri Dolgoruky. lilemo tse leshome e ile ea nka khohlano ena. Rostislav Izyaslav le khona ho hlōla lefatše ho tloha Yaroslavl le Suzdal. Hohle ba nyatsa 'me ba belaella matla ka leano la Yuriya Dolgorukogo. Empa hore ka 1155 khona ho hapa teroneng e Kiev.

Leha ho le joalo, likamano tsa pakeng tsa mora oa Mstislava Velikogo le Yuriem Dolgorukim exacerbated ka ho feletseng. Kiev khosana captivating likhosana + Polovtsian le ba botsa ho hlophisa leeto le ka Smolensk principality. Ka lebaka leo, o ile a khona ho kenya tshebetsong morero oa hae.

Empa Rostislav bolaoli ba hae e sa thekeseleng linaheng tse ka boroa, 'me e tseba Yuri Dolgoruky, kahoo le mochana oa le malome oa etsa qeto ea ho sekisetsa.

Terone ea Kiev

Hamorao, Rostislav Mstislavich ka maoto fatše lekanang le mor'abo le malome oa ha e le hantle e ba 'musi oa Kiev. Prince Smolensky etsa vassalage hae Ryazan naha. Empa ka nako eo mor'abo rōna e Izyaslav shoa. Le ka 1157 o ile a qala ho sebetsa e principality ka sehloohong Izyaslav Davidovich Chernigov. Lilemo tse peli hamorao, batho ba Kiev molao fana Rostislav laola principality bona motheong bohatong. O lumellana le seo.

Ho latela meetlo, khosana romela Kiev manģosa a mabeli Smolensk le Novgorod Ivan Ruchechnika Yakuna. Ba ne ba tlameha ho fumana hore ka seo mantsoe a ho fa tokelo ea ho Rostislav principality khōlō.

Nakong ea puso Kiev

Ka mor'a ho nka terone, Rostislav Mstislavich e nkile leka ka matla ho netefatsa hore Russia e se e le tse tsoetseng pele le atlehileng naha. O ile a leka ho thibela ho internecine lintoa, khomarela Russia naha tiisetso leano. Ho ba ka madiun ea matla ka ho Kiev, mora Mstislava Velikogo nako e telele ho ntshetsopeleng moea. O ka kopana le babishopo, kamehla re khothalletsa ho dinners Abbot Kiev-Pechersk Lavra Polycarp le esita le lokisetsa ditaelo bona arola seleng ea ka ea baitlami e, moo a neng a ka ba mong. Ke ke hobane'ng ha Prince Rostislav Mstislavovitch bitsoa barapeli. Ho khomarela leano la khotso le netefalitsoeng, 'musi oa Russia o hlōla tšepana le boikanyego tsa palo e khōlō ea babusi ba linaha moqhaka. Ha e le hantle, batho ba bangata ba ka ithuta ho tloha le mora oa hae Mstislava Velikogo kamoo ho etsa sebakeng hao atlehileng. Mong le e mong o ne a tseba hore o ile a lula teroneng ea Kiev, ba tšoaneloang ke eona. Likhohlano le lintoa lekile mong le e mong tsela ea ho qoba Rostislav Mstislavich. Leano tsoang linaheng tse ling ba 'musi oa Russia o ne a boetse khotso. Esita le lira tsa ka ho sa feleng Polovtsy o ile a leka ho se mpefatsa likamano. Empa ka ba bang ba likhosana tsa appanage Polovtsian a neng a ka linako tse ling le khohlano. Prince hape hlophisitse matšolo sesole khahlanong le Lithuania, 'me ka katleho haholo.

Novgorod

Ka ho ba sethaleng ho qetela tsa Board Rostislav Mstislavovitch mora oa hae a qala ho li leleke ntlha ea Novgorod muso sebakeng seo. Ho na le fihla le nako eo ka Svyatoslav (mora Rostislav Mstislavovitch) ka ha e sa tla busa ka principality ikemetseng. Joale e ntan'o ba Khosana ea Kiev, le batho ka bomong ile a romela ho Novgorod, ho lumellanya baahi le mora oa hae. Driving ka Smolensk, o ile a bona kamoo thabetse 'musi oa bona le ho batho ba hae ba amohela.

Empa ho ho Toropets, Rostislav Mstislavich (Khosana ea Kiev) zaneduzhil 'me a laela lenģosa romeloa ho Novgorod bakeng sa mora oa hae, e le hore e ne e le moemeli oa Novgorod bahlomphehi ho ea mo khahlanyetsa ka Great Luka. Qetellong ba o ile a khona ho lumellanya Svyatoslav le baahi ba, ka mor'a moo o ile a ea Smolensk ea habo, lula Bonyenyane bo nang le khaitseli ea hae Rogneda. Ho sa tsotellehe ho kula, Prince hang potlakela ho ea Kiev, a bua ka litaba tsa puso. Empa ho finyella eena 'me a ile a hlōleha ho "' Mè oa metse ea Russia." Rostislav Mstislavovich bophelo ka botebo bo ntse bo mpefala, 'me nakong ea selemo ka 1167 ho naha ea motse Zaruba (Smolensk) hora ea hae. O ne a lokela ho ipolela ho lefu la hae 'me o ile a tletleba moprista Simeone hore pele o ne a sa lumelloa ho phetha mokete oa tonsure. 'mele Prince o ile a lopolloa ho Kiev' me a patoa le baitlami ba Theodore, joalokaha a ne a fuoa kotlo. Matleng a principality ka sehloohong tlameha ho ea ho mora oa hae oa Roma, ea neng a busa Belgorod. Empa ka mor'a hore a e-shoa Rostislav Mstislavich (Smolensk), pakeng tsa mora oa hae le likhosana tsa Suzdal, tse neng li e eteletsoeng pele ke Andrew Bogolyubskii, e tla etsahala ntoa ho baba sebakeng sa terone.

lelapa

Dintlha tsa bophelo ba lelapa la Kiev le Smolensk 'musisi hoo e batlang e sa tsejoeng. E ntse e le sephiri potso eo ne a nyetsoe ke Rostislav Mstislavich (Smolensk likhosana tsa), le hore na o ne a manyalo a mang. Ho buuoa ka bara ba hae ba hlaha ka lekhetlo la pele ka mehloli ea lilemo tse 40-50 ea XII lekholong la lilemo la. E o tsejoa hore ka 1149, Rostislav Mstislavich hlohonolofatsa lenyalo la mora oa hae oa Moroma, ea ileng a nyala morali oa Svyatoslava Olgovicha, ea ileng a busa linaha tsa Seversk. Ka 1154 Khosana ea Kiev le Smolensk fana bara ba hae Davida le Roma lefa la Novgorod. Ba baholo le ba e ka tlaase - e potso bulehileng. Ho ea ka litaba, Davida o ile a hlaha ka 1140.

mora e mong o ile a hlokahala ka 1170, empa ha ba tsebe hore na ke mang. Rostislav Mstislavovitch fela mora, Mstislav Hrabry, o hlahile ka bohareng ba bo-40s le bohareng ba bo-60s, o ile a nyala morali oa Gleb Rostislavich, ea neng a busa naha ea Ryazan. Mstislav Hrabry futsitse litšobotsi molemo ka ho fetisisa ea ntate-moholo oa hae. Kolobetsoa mora e monyenyane Rostislav Mstislavovitch bitsoang Fedor.

E o tsejoa hore Kiev le Smolensk khosana ne le bara ba bahlano le barali ba babeli. Mehloli e re feela hoo e ka bang morali, Elena. Ka 1163 o ile a mosali oa Khosana ea Krakow Leszek White, 'me ka mor'a hore a ile a hlokahala ka 1194, Helen o ile a' musi e tletseng fledged motseng Poland. Rostislav Mstislavovitch morali ile a hlokahala ka 1198.

bofello

Nakong ea puso ea Khosana ea Kiev le Smolensk ba boemohali historing ea Russia ea boholo-holo. Seo a se entseng e le hore babusi ba magosana khaotsa ho qabana har'a bona. Rostislav Mstislavich - moemeli oa leloko la borena la ho busa, e leng qalong o ne a sa beha lithahasello tsa poraefete le setjhaba, ho fapana ho batho ba bangata ba beng ka eena. O ile a khona ho tsosa esita le e phahameng le matla a bolaoli mahlong a batho feela ba tloaelehileng.