Jwale motlakase ka semiconductors ho

Motlakase hona joale ka semiconductors - e lebisitsoe motsamao oa likoti le dieleketerone, tse susumetsoang ke tšimo motlakase.

Ka lebaka la liteko, ho ile ha hlokomeloa hore jwale motlakase ka semiconductors e sa tsamaea le ho fetiswa ha taba - ba u se ke ua akarelletsa liphetoho tsa lik'hemik'hale efe kapa efe. Kahoo, bajari, dieleketerone ka tšohloa semiconductors.

Bokhoni ba boitsebiso boo ho theha ka eona e morao-rao ea motlakase ka ho ikemisetsa ka ho conductivity itseng. Ke pontshi ena conductors lula e boemong bo lipakeng pakeng tsa conductors le insulators. Semiconductors - tsena le mefuta e fapaneng ya le liminerale, lirafshoa tse itseng, tšepe sulfides, joalo-joalo Motlakase hona joale ka semiconductors hlaha ho tswa ho ea mahloriso ea dieleketerone mahala eo ka susumelletsa directionally ka ntho e. Bapisa tšepe le conductors, ho ka ho hlokomela hore ho na le phapang pakeng tsa mocheso tšusumetso e ka conductivity bona. Ho eketseha ha mocheso isang ea fokotseha ka ho conductivity ea tšepe. Ka semiconductors le conduction sekhahla eketseha. Ha e semiconductor keketseho ea mocheso, e tshisinyo ya dieleketerone mahala tla feta sa tsitsang. Sena ke ka lebaka la ho eketseha ha palo ea thulana. Leha ho le joalo, ka semiconductors ha ho bapisoa le mefuta ea tšepe, ho e haholo e ile ea eketseha segokanyipalo ponahatso ea dieleketerone free. lintlha tsena na le phello e fapaneng le ka conductivity ea: ho thulana ho feta, ho e nyenyane ea conductivity, e khōlō le mahloriso, ho e phahameng ho ke ke. Ka tšepe, ha ho na ho itšetleha pakeng tsa mocheso le mahloriso tsa dieleketerone free, e le hore ho fetola conductivity le eketseha mocheso decreases feela monyetla oa ho e laela tshisinyo ya dieleketerone free. Ha e le semiconductor eo, bontshiweng phello ea eketseha mahloriso a phahameng. Kahoo, ho phahama mocheso tla ba khōloanyane, e khōlō le conductivity.

Ho na le le kamano e pakeng tsa motsamao oa qoso bajari le nako tse kang jwale motlakase ka semiconductors. Ka semiconductors, lefisa bajari tšoauoa ka ponahalo ea lintho tse ngata tse, har'a tse mahlonoko tseo ho leng mocheso le hloekileng boitsebiso boo. semiconductors bohloeki ba arotsoe ka extrinsic le mong.

Ha e le mokhanni oa eona, phello ea litšila ka mocheso itseng ka 'na se ke ua ea bohlokoa bakeng sa bona. Ho tloha ka sehlopha lekhalo la semiconductors e tlaase, ka semiconductor sebōpeho sa motheo, ha mocheso fihla lefela feletseng, ho na le ke ea tlatsang e feletseng ea dieleketerone valence. Empa conduction sehlopha ke lokolohile ka ho feletseng: ho na le ho na conductivity ea motlakase, 'me ho Mesebetsi e le kobo e loketseng. Ha thempereichara e tse ling tse, ho na le monyetla oa hore le liphetoho mogote ea dieleketerone itseng ka hlōla mokoallo bokgoni ba le hlaha ka conduction sehlopha.

Thomson le phello

Molao-motheo oa thermoelectric Thomson sebetsa ha e morao-rao ea motlakase ka semiconductors, hammoho eo ho eona ho ke mocheso kretiente ho tsona, ntle le Joule mocheso ho lokolloa kapa absorption ea bokae ho eketsehileng mocheso a tla ba teng ho itšetlehile ka tataiso eo hona joale a tla phalla.

Lekaneng junifomo disampole futhumatsang, ho ba le sebopeho homogeneous ama thepa ea eona, eo ka eona lintho tse bonahalang tse tla ba bao e seng junifomo. Kahoo, Thomson e le hantle ke ketsahalo e itseng Peltier. Phapang feela ke hore tse fapa-fapaneng bao e seng lik'hemik'hale tsa sampole, 'me mocheso oa originality ke heterogeneity ena.