Hanseatic League. Khoebong ea pele le bonngoeng a moruo historing ea Europe

Jeremane ea kajeno, ho na le letšoao khethehileng ea ho se tšoane histori, ka bopaki ba hore metse tse supileng tsa mmuso di le custodians meetlo tloaelehang histori ea nako e telele, baa le molemo le ea boithatelo a entseng selekane. pontšo ena - Latin lengolo H. E bolela hore motse oo, e leng qala ka hore lipoleiti lengolo lengolo, e ne e le karolo ea League Hanseatic. HB mangolo ka poleiti le lengolo lokela ho bala ka Hansestadt Bremen - «Hanseatic City ea Bremen», HL -. «Hanseatic motse oa Lübeck" The lengolo H e boetse ke le teng ka kamoreng ea koloi mahala metse ea Hamburg, Greifswald, Stralsund, Rostock le Wismar, ho bapala ka mehleng e bohareng Hanse karolo ea bohlokoa.

Hansa - setjhabneg ena, eo ka eona XIII - XVII lilemo tse makholo kopaneng mahala metse e Jeremane ho sireletsa bahoebi le khoebo ea ho tloha matleng a ea likhosi feudal, hammoho le bakeng sa e kopanetsweng khohlano masholu a maoatleng. Kopantseng e kenyelelitse toropo eo lula le burghers - baahi free, ba, ho fapana le ho bafo ba marena le likhosi feudal, o ikamahantse le melao ea "litokelo tsa litoropo" (Lubeck, Magdeburg). The Hanseatic League linakong tse sa tšoaneng tsa teng e le oa metse e 200, ho akarelletsa le Berlin le Dorpat (Tartu), Danzig (Gdansk) le Cologne, Konigsberg (Kaliningrad) le Riga. Ho ntshetsa pele e tlamang bakeng sa bahoebi kaofela melao le melao ea ka Lübeck, e se e le setsi se seholo bakeng sa khoebo ea likepe e name ho ka beisine ea North le Baltic Maoatle, kamehla ho ea Congress barupeluoa ba bonngoe. Ka ba bang ba metse e Europe, hase litho tsa Selekane Hanseatic, ho ne ho "liofisi tsa" - makala a le liofisi moemeli oa League Hanseatic, litokelo sireletsoa khahlanong le encroachments ea likhosana tsa moo le bomasepala. Kholo ka ho fetisisa "ofisi" e teng London, Bruges, Bergen le Novgorod. Ka puso ea kakaretso, "makhotla a Jeremane" ne laolloang thepa ea bona le ho bolokoang thepa e rekisoang, 'me ba ne ba mokhelo ho fetisisa ya ditefello le lekhetho.

Ho ea ka ba bang ba bo-rahistori ba mehleng ea kajeno, liketsahalo, qadile ho thehwa ha bonngoeng khoebo ea lokela ho nkoa e le motheo oa Lübeck ka 1159 Selekane Hanseatic ne e le mohlala seoelo botsoalle, eo ho eona mekga tsohle sebetsa ikutloeleng sepheo se le seng - ntshetsopele ya likamano khoebo. Ka lebaka la ho bahoebi le Jeremane ea ka boroa le ka bophirimela ho k'honthinente ba ile ba fumana thepa ho tloha Bochabela le Northern Europe: lifate, matlalo a boea, mahe a linotši, boka ba linotši, ba rye. CPSB (sailboats), a kakatetse letsoai lesela, 'me veine e ne ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng. Lilemong tsa bo-XV Selekane Hanseatic o ile a qala ho ba le ho hlōloa ka mor'a ho hlōloa ke sechaba-puso, botjha hlahella ka sebaka sa tshebetso sa lona lintho tse amanang le taba tsa moruo: Engelane, Netherlands, puso Muscovite, Denmark le Poland. Babusi ba lichaba ba ho fumana matla a ne a sa batle ho lahleheloa ke matlotlo ho tloha diyantle hona, felisoa ea Hanseatic makhotleng a khoebo. Leha ho le joalo, ho Hansa teng ho fihlela lilemong tsa bo-XVII. litho ho fetisisa manganga tsa a entseng selekane a ne a ha e le hantle qhaloa Lübeck - le letšoao la matla a bahoebi Jeremane, Bremen le Hamburg. metse ena ka 1630 se ile sa kena tse tharo tsela selekane. Hanseatic khoebo selekane oa oa ka mora 1669. E ne e ka nako eo ka Lübeck ne Congress ho qetela, e leng ile ea e-ketsahalo ea ho qetela ea histori ea Selekane Hanseatic.

Ho hlahloba se ileng sa etsahalla pele ka histori ea Europe moruo le kgwebo ya mokgatlo, seo a se finyeletseng lona le miscalculations thahasellisang-rahistori le bakeng sa bo-rakhoebo ba mehleng ea kajeno 'me bo-ralipolotiki bao likelello tsa ba phathahane ka litokollo tsa European ikopanya.