Etella pele nitrate. thepa lik'hemik'hale, ho sebelisa

Etella pele nitrate - ke komponeng inorganic ho ba le moralo o balletsweng e latelang: PB (NO3) 2. Boemong e tloaelehileng ke phofo tšoeu kapa kristale colorless. ntho ena ke haholo qhibilihang ka har'a metsi.

thepa 'meleng

1. Ke hantle qhibilihang ka har'a le absorption ea mocheso ka H2O (metsi), hampe - ka monohalogen acetone, hammoho le, methyl le ethyl alcohols.
2. Ho bopa kristale colorless diamagnetic, segokanyipalo 4,530 g, / santimetr³. E mong le e athomo PB (etella pele) pota-potiloe ke liathomo leshome le metso e ea Lōna (oksijene). PB-O tlamo e bolelele ba 0,281 NM, le NO - 0.127 NM. Ke tsamaiso dikhubu. Pa3 ke oa sehlopha sa sebaka. Hape foromo monoclinic ile a fumana ka ntle mefuta dikhubu hore esita le ha halefile hampe qhibilihang ka har'a ka H2O (metsi).
3. Pele qhibiliha mocheso oa 600,65 K.

Mokhoa oa ho fumana etella pele nitrate

ntho ena e sa fumane lintho tsa tlhaho. Ka lebaka leo, batho ba 'nile ba le ba bang ba mekhoa (liindasteri le laboratori ea), tse fokotswa ho shoa hoa etella pele (PB), hydroxide lona kapa oxide hlapolla acid e nitric. liphetoho:
3Pb (etella pele) + 8HNO3 (acid e nitric) = 3Pb (NO3) 2 (etella pele nitrate) + 2NO (oxide e nitric Ho lokolloa ka khase) + 4H2O (metsi);
PbO (etella pele oxide e) + 2HNO3 (acid e nitric) = PB (NO3) 2 (etella pele nitrate) + H2O (metsi);
PB (OH) 2 (etella pele hydroxide) + 2HNO3 (nitric acid) = PB (NO3) 2 (etella pele dinitrate) + 3H2O (metsi).

E le hore ho thibela hydrolysis le ho fokotsa solubility ba etella pele dinitrate acid e nitric lokela ho nkoa ka ho feteletseng.

Hape, etella sechaba pele dinitrate fumana ka byproduct ka tlhoekiso ea acid e litšila, acid e nitric, mohlala, ha sebetsana litšila etella pele-bismuth lifektheri. Ka mor'a moo, ho komponeng e sebediswa bakeng sa cyanide leaching tsa khauta.

Seo ke thepa lik'hemik'hale na nitrate etella pele

1. Ka ho tharollo ea metsi ea nitrate etella pele dissociates ka anions nitrate le cations pele. Mona 's seo itsoara joang ka sena:

PB (NO3) 2 (etella pele dinitrate) = Pb2 + (etella pele ealogy) + 2NO3- (naetrojene oxide e anion)

The tharollo e hydrolyzed etella pele dinitrate. Ha e feteletseng chelete nitratokompleksy NO3- etsoa: [PB (NO3) 6] 3-, [PB (NO3) 4] 2- le [PB (NO3) 3] -. Ha ph tsa keketseho ea tharollo, phello e ba bōptjoa gidronitraty PB (OH) x, (NO3) y el polygonal sebopeho. Ba bang ba bona ka nako e tšoanang ka thōko ka mmuso tiileng.

2. Ho tloha dinitrate etella pele e qhibilihang ka har'a motsoako, ho ka etsahala hore a fumane tse latelang phapanyetsano itšoara joang:

2HCl (hydrochloric acid) + PB (NO3) 2 = PbCl2 (chloride etella pele precipitates) + 2HNO3 (nitric acid);
H2SO4 (sulfuric acid) + PB (NO3) 2 = PbSO4 (dimethyl sulfate precipitates) + 2HNO3 (nitric acid);
PB (NO3) 2 (etella pele nitrate) + 2NaOH (sodium hydroxide) = PB (OH) 2 (hydroxide etella pele precipitates) + 2NaNO3 (sodium nitrate);
PB (NO3) 2 + 2NaN3 (sodium azide) = PB (N3) 2 (etella pele azide, precipitates) + 2NaNO3 (sodium nitrate).

Leha e le efe motsoako lik'hemik'hale tse nang le ealogy etella pele (PB + 2) ba tla re'ng ka tharollo eo anion ke iodide. Ena e bopa e precipitate ba bosehla lamunu mmala (Pbl2, etella sechaba pele iodide). Ho bonahala eka itsoara joang ka sena:

Pb2 + + 2l- = Pbl2 (pellet)

E tšoanang phapanyetsano itsoara joang ka mohato ea tiileng. Mohlala:

PB (NO3) 2 + 2Kl (potassium) = Pbl2 (precipitates) + 2KNO3 (potassium nitrate)

Tšebeliso ea nitrate etella pele

- sebelisoa e le lintho tse bonahalang ho tloha bakeng sa tlhahiso ea ho fetisisa tsa metsoako e meng ea PB (etella pele);
- jwalo ka sesitisa tsa polymers la nylon le polyesters a mang, e le rodenticide, ka coatings ya pampiri fototermograficheskoy;
- e le nitrate etella pele - e dovolno metsoako kotsi ka lefapha la ea liindasteri hona joale sebelisa metsoako e meng. Ka mohlala, ka tlhahisong ea pente, mollo le ho qhoma ha litlelabore ho feletseng tlohela metsoako pele.
- ka laboratoring ea nitrate etella pele e sebediswa e le e ntle le e bonolo mohloli oa dinitrogen tetroxide;
- e batlang e sa tsoa ka bongata e fokolang haholo ea k'hemik'hale komponeng sebelisoa ka cyanidation khauta.
- ka Organic k'hemistri, PB (NO3) 2 e sebediswa e le oxidant sa, ho fumana dithiocarbamate tsa isothiocyanates. e loketseng ho toxicity lona phahameng e sebediswa ka tlaase ho moo 'me ka tlaase ho moo.

polokeho

Etella pele nitrate e classified e le sehlopha 2a (mohlomong carcinogenic batho komponeng). E sa amoheleheng inhalation tsa qhala mosi chefo kapa a e-ja a eona le ho kopana le letlalo kapa mucosa. etella pele dinitrate lokela ho a 'na a tlas'a taolo. Lik'hemik'hale chefo le motsoako ona o isa chefo, gliomas le kankere renal, boko le matšoafo.