Contrainsular hormone: mochine oa bohato, mefuta e

Ithuta molao oa tsamaiso hormonal ea 'mele e kopanela litabeng tsa saense - Endocrinology. Ho phaella moo, mochine ona oa ketso ea metsoako tsa likokoana-hloko itšetlehile ka tšimo ea moriana kang Biochemistry. Bobeli ba saense tsena ke ntho ea bohlokoa haholo, hobane li-hormone na litšusumetso tse fapa-fapaneng, e hlokahalang bakeng tshebetsong tloaelehileng. Ke dintho tsena ke le boikarabelo ba ho mefuta eohle ea metabolism 'meleng (k'habohaedreite, protheine, mafura). Ka lebaka la sena ho na le kabo ea limatlafatsi eneji, le hlokahalang bakeng sa ho boloka bophelo. E mong oa hormone bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke insulin. Joalokaha u tseba, ha ho hloleha ke tlōlo ea k'habohaedreite metabolism le ntshetsopele ya lefu la tsoekere. Ho phaella moo, ha ho na e seng tsa bohlokoa, na le li-hormone contrainsular. Ba ne ba boetse ba e hlokehang ho etsa bonnete ba phapanyetsano ya dintho. Ho phaella moo, mong le e mong metsoako tsena tsa likokoana-hloko o etsa mosebetsi oa eona.

Contrainsular hormone - ke eng?

E le o tsejoa, hormone ea insulin hlokahala ho laola maemo tsoekere. Ha a lokolloa ka tse nyenyane, kapa ha lemohuoa ka receptors, ka nako eo motho a develops lefu la tsoekere. O lokela ho ba boetse baa tseba hore ho kotsi ha feela drawback, empa e feteletseng ea ntho ena likokoana-hloko. Ho inactivate e 'meleng, ho na le contrainsular hormone,' me ha e mong, empa a 'maloa. kaofela ba na le litla fapaneng ka k'habohaedreite metabolism. Leha ho le joalo, e mong le e ba bona ba e isa ho ea fokotseha ka mahloriso a ntse insulin maling. E mong le e-hormone tsena hlahisoang ka 'mele "bona". Bakeng sa likokoana-hloko mahlahana libaka lihlahisoa ya data kenyeletsa manyeme le thyroid tsoelesa, litsoelesa adrenal, boko le testes.

qetello

Kontrinsulyarnyh hormona - ntho hore ke ho hlokahala hore ho fana ka k'habohaedreite metabolism 'meleng. bohato lona o ikemiseditse ho ho boloka maemo tloaelehile tsoekere. Ho phaella moo, e mong le e-hormone kontrinsulyarnyh ea ikarabellang ka mosebetsi tsa lona, ha amanang le metabolism. Normal tsoekere mali boemo ba ranges ho tloha 3.3 ho 5.5 go mmol. Ha a ntse insulin e ikarabella ho etsa bonnete ba hore le tsoekere mahloriso ha aa ka a eketsa, ba khahlanong le lōna lona ke ho hlokahala hore ho ho boloka e ka tlaase moedi wa pontshi ena. Le ea fokotseha ka maemo tsoekere mali le hlaha kotsi bakeng sa boemo ba mmele - hypoglycemia. E tšoauoa ke ho lahleheloa ke matla a, fokotswa khatello ea mali, tachycardia le tremor. Haeba motho a se na nako ea ho ba thusa, hypoglycemia ho ka etsa hore coma. Ho qoba sena, ho hlokahala lihomone, ketso ea khalemelo ea insulin. dintho tsena 'meleng a batla a.

mefuta e

hormone Contrainsular ke likokoana-hloko dintho lokolloa ka tse fapa-fapaneng litsoelesa endocrine. Ho phaella ho mesebetsi ea eona e mong le e mong oa metsoako tsena ke khona ho laola ho k'habohaedreite metabolism. Leha ho le joalo, e le hore ho boloka maemo tsoekere mali ke ntho e tloaelehileng, ho hlokahala hore ho ho sebetsa ha dintho tsena tsohle. The komponeng tsa likokoana-hloko e le antagonist ea ka insulin, li arotsoe ka lihlopha tse latelang:

1. Thyroid li-hormone. Tsena li akarelletsa thyroxine.
2. Dintho lokolloa dikarolo cortical le medullary tsa litsoelesa le adrenal. Baemeli ba sehlopha sena - cortisol le adrenaline.
3. STH. Ho ikhethang ka pituitary tšoelesa.
4. Contrainsular hormona secreted ke manyeme endocrine. Sena lobed tsa likokoana-hloko ke glucagon.
5. Testosterone. E ya hlahiswa ho cortex adrenal, 'me ka gonads motona - testes.

E mong le e-hormone tsena secreted "hae" endocrine tšoelesa. Leha ho le joalo, ba ile ba ba e laoloa ke tsamaiso ea hypothalamic-pituitary, teng ka bokong.

Contrainsular hormone: mochine oa liketso tsa 'mele

Ho sa tsotellehe 'nete ea hore ba khahlanong le lōna kaofela ka insulin ama k'habohaedreite metabolism, mochine oa ketso e fapaneng ho bona. Phello hang-hang ka maemo tsoekere mali e na le glucagon. hormona ena e hlahisoang ke manyeme le kamehla. Leha ho le joalo, haeba le tsoekere mali mahloriso decreases, secretion ea ntho e ntlafatsoa. mochine lona ea nkang khato e na ha e le hantle eo ho ama lisele sebete. Thanks ho karolo ena ea pokello setokong ea tsoekere e lokolloa 'me a kena maling. A mochine tshwanang ya bohato hlokometse ka ntshetsopele ya li-hormone tse ling contrainsular - adrenaline. The cortex adrenal abelwa glucocorticoids. Le khaello ea tsoekere maling, li-hormone tsena khothalletsa tswakana lona ka phahameng ka ho lisele, ke hore, etella pele hore ho thehoe tsoekere ho tloha-amino acid. Thyroid li-hormone eketsa phello adrenaline. Somatotropin ba le phello kontrinsulyarnyh feela ngata, hangata e le ka bongoaneng (nakong kgolo ya).

Sebelisana hormone pancreatic

The manyeme ke 'mele e ka sehloohong ea tsamaiso ea endocrine amang k'habohaedreite metabolism. O ile a etsa bobeli endocrine le mosebetsi secretory. Anatomically, ea endocrine karolo ea manyeme ke mohatla. Ho eona ho na le mekhatlo e kang ea lihlekehleke tsa Langerhans. Lisele tsa libaka tsena anatomical ba na le boikarabelo bakeng sa secretion ea mefuta e 'maloa ea li-hormone. Karolo ea sehlekehleke sena e ntša insulin. lisele tse ling tse ho hlahisa hormone "glucagon". Sebopeho le ho lokolloa ka mali a ntho e susumetsang boemo ba tsoekere. Boholo ba mahloriso tsoekere ke pontšo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea insulin. Ka tloaelo, li-hormone ena lula mali tsoekere ka phahameng ka ho le letona, ho thibela e tsoa ho e bochaba. Ke antagonist ea ka insulin, glucagon, e leng, ho fapana le hoo, ke bona ba ikarabellang bakeng sa ho lokolloa ha tsoekere ka mali. Hokahanngoa mosebetsing oa manyeme hormona etsa bonnete ba ho tloaelehile k'habohaedreite metabolism 'meleng. Ha mosebetsi lona secretory e litsebeng ka lebaka leha e le efe, ho sa tsotellehe ho ka thuso ea makala a tse ling tsa tsamaiso ea endocrine.

Kontrinsulyarnyh tlhahiso ea li-hormone ke litsoelesa le adrenal

ba khahlanong le lōna ka insulin hlahiswa ka mafolofolo litsoelesa le adrenal. litho tsena na le dikarolo tse peli. Ka mong le e mong-hormone tsena li thehoa. The adrenal cortex contrainsular e le hantle ba le androgens le glucocorticoids. Thuso ea pele ho eketsa boemo ba tsoekere ka litsela tse peli. A moemeli oa sehlopha sena - hormone cortisol. E eketsa palo ea enzyme hlokahala ho sokolla amino acid ho tsoekere. A phello e 'ngoe ea cortisol ke matla a ho khumo "thepa ea ho haha" bakeng sa tsoekere ho tswa ho mesifa dinama tse nyenyane tse. Kahoo, li-hormone le mafolo-folo eketsa thulaganyou e glyukoneonegeza. Ho phaella ho cortisol ka cortex hlahiswa androgens. hormone tsena li steroid dintho. mosebetsi bona se seholo ke ho bōptjoa ha litšobotsi tse mahareng ho kopanela liphate. Ho phaella moo, ba ama metabolism liprotheine le lik'habohaedreite. The medulla adrenal e tsa maiketsetso hormone contrainsular - adrenaline. Ha a lokolloa ho tsoekere mali mahloriso e ile ea eketseha.

Crank: phello k'habohaedreite metabolism

Hormone adrenaline o tsejoa e seng feela ho lingaka. Batho ba bangata ba tseba hore ntho e lokolloa ka mali nakong ea khatello ea kelello haholo kapa tšabo. Ka sebele, adrenaline hangata bo amahanngoa le tšabo. Hangata ho araba ka tloaelehileng ena ho lokolloa hormona ke locomotor mosebetsi, e ile ea eketseha ho otla ha pelo, dilation ea barutoana ba. Hape ntho ena e ile tsa maiketsetso ka laboratoring le sebelisoa ka meriana. , Ho phaella ho Tshebediso ya ya mosebetsi cardiac, adrenaline ke phello k'habohaedreite metabolism, ke hore, e na le phello e kontrinsulyarnyh. mochine lona ya bohato ka litsela tse latelang:

1. O tlatsetsa ho matsapa tsa gluconeogenesis.
2. E ama ho sithabela tsa glycogen ka mesifa ya marapo. ketso ena adrenaline e eketsehileng phatlalatsoe.

Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore ho latela maikutlo hormona khotso ha eketsa concentrations tsoekere mali. E le mesi e kotsi tsa eona li se eketseha ka hyperglycemia. Ena e fapane le ea mochine oa ketso ea glucagon. Bontša ho Tsoa adrenaline ke maikutlo ke thabo, ho imeloa kelellong.

Testosterone: Mesebetsi 'meleng

Testosterone - hormone kontrinsulyarnyh, e hlahisoang ke ho gonads motona. Hape, e nyenyane ea steroid likokoana-hloko tsa maiketsetso ka cortex adrenal. eketseha mesifa boima, khōlo ea lesapo, Tshebediso ya ya spermatozoa le erythropoiesis: Liphello tse latelang ke mesebetsi e ka sehloohong ea testosterone. Ho phaella moo, li-hormone eketsa dithulaganyo tshilong ya dijo ka 'meleng, ho akarelletsa le k'habohaedreite. Ho ea ka lipalo-palo, le bo-rasaense ba fokotswa, banna ba neng ba ba le e ngata testosterone mali, ke ka tlaase ho moo le tsekamelo ea ho lefu la tsoekere le botenya.

Tseo ba li-hormone contrainsular e matla?

Ka sebele a ke ke a araba potso e reng, se matla ka ho fetisisa contrainsular-hormone. Kaofela ha dintho tsena tsa likokoana-hloko ama keketseho ka maemo tsoekere mali le eketsa metabolism tsa lik'habohaedreite. Ketso ea e mong le la li-hormone tsena ke phello fapaneng insulin. Leha ho le joalo, e leng ntho e ke antagonist ho isa tekanyong e moholo ho itšetlehile ka ea mahloriso ya motsoako o itseng. Tlas'a maemo a tloaelehileng, matla ka ho fetisisa li-hormone glucagon ka bitsoa. Le eketseha thyroid ntho ena e fetoha thyroxine, le lihlahala adrenal - cortisol kapa adrenaline.