Bolshevik Island: moo, tlhaloso, histori ea thuto

Leoatleng la Arctic larileng ka sehlopha sa lihlekehleke tsa Severnaya Zemlya. Ho na le lihlekehleke tse ka mane ka sehloohong le ba bangata ba tse nyenyane. Sehlooho sena se e hlalosa sehlekehlekeng bobeli kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa sehlopha sa lihlekehleke - the Bolsheviks. Ke ntlheng e ka boroa ea North ea Lefatše, e sehelane moeli le ke maoatle tse peli - sa Kara le Laptev. From naha ea eona e arohantsoe ke e Strait tsa Vilkitsky, empa e tsoa ho October Phetohelo Island - Strait Shokalski.

lesedi libaka

Island 11 e na le Bilshovyk sebakeng tysyach 312 sq. km, e leng hoo e ka bang karolo ea boraro ea ba sehlopha sa lihlekehleke tsohle. ntlha lona phahameng ka ho fetisisa e ka limithara tse 935. Ea liphallelo ea sehlekehleke sena e ke haholo-holo a bataletseng le maralla a tse seng kae, ka linako tse ling ho retelehela ka leralleng.

The okamelang oa sebaka seo: 78 likhato metsotso 36 leboea bolokolohi le likhato 102 metsotso 55 longitude: bochabela. Hona joale u tseba hantle moo Bolshevik Island.

lebōpo lona ke haholo indented, ho na le likou tse ngata. Ka ho fetisisa bohlokoa - Gulf Akhmatova, e leng hoo e ka bang 60 km SE soahlamana kena naheng. Hape phunyeletse tebileng ka hare ho naha pega pega Thalmann le Gulf Mikoyan. Hammoho lebōpo ho na le sete ya likou - Zhuravlev, letsatsi le ba bang.

Bolshevik Island ithorisang palo e khōlō ea linoka - jelly, Kamenka, Golysheva, moepa 'me e mong, empa ho na le matša a' maloa 'me ha ba e khōlō.

maemo a klimate

Boemo ba leholimo ke Arctic leoatle. karolelano ea selemo le selemo mocheso bakeng sa lilemo tse ngata a 'na a ka ho pota -14 ...- 16 ° C, ha a ntse a mariha ho ka tlohele ho -40 ° C lehlabula ka seoelo e hlaha ka holimo + 5 ° C. Pula oela hanyenyane - ho fihlela ho limilimithara 400 ka selemo, boholo ba ho tloha June ho fihlela ka August. Esita le lehlabula mobu thaws tsoa feela holim'a hanyane tebileng (12-15 cm), fatše Pinned permafrost. Area ba fetang limilione tse 3 sq. km (30% ea sehlekehleke sena e) koahetsoe glaciers hore mohla qhibiliha. Kholo ka ho fetisisa ho bona esita le ile ka fumana lebitso la - Leningrad, Kropotkin, Mushketov.

Fuoa mocheso tlaase, khafetsa squally meea le maemo a tse ling tse bohloko e ba e hlakileng ka lebaka leo e leng sehlekehleke se se se nang baahi Bolshevik. Boemo ba leholimo mona ke ho fetisisa ea selemo e mpe haholo.

Biota

Ho sa tsotellehe boemo ba leholimo e sehlōhō ka ho fetisisa, Bolshevik sehlekehleke sohle ntse le baahi. Ka libaka tse phahameng tsa ngata linonyana sehlaha. Ha e le hantle ho ke ke - pinki le silevera gulls, murres, batsho maoto kittiwake, glaucous gulls, hammoho le mefuta e sa tloaelehang tse kang peregrine phakoe, gulls Sabine o le tšoeu.

Sehlekehlekeng seo rookeries hlomella walruses le liqibi. Ka linako tse ling u bona likhama, lemmings, liphiri le diphiri. Empa mong'a ea sehlekehleke sena e, hammoho le ba sehlopha sa lihlekehleke kaofela - le bere Polar. Epolloa o bontšitse hore hoo e ka 25 likete lilemong tse fetileng mammoths ne ba lula mona.

Ho ea ka litsebi tsa baeloji, sa Bolsheviks ho na le ka bang ka 65 mefuta e meng ea dimela, ke hore, sehlekehlekeng ke sparse fetisisa limela. Mona phela mosses le boriba, hoo e batlang e tsoelang pele la sekoahelo sa koahela majoe, hammoho le malandro Polar. Rare lipalesa - Arctic Poppy, bloodroot, Saxifraga cespitosa, lehloa saxifrage, minuartia kholo-fruited, bluegrass shortened, Saxifraga cernua, luzula matted le mefuta e meng tse ling. Ea lijo-thollo sehlekehlekeng seo hola pickerel putsoa-grey le Alpine foxtail.

The bath ka sehloohong ea limela ea moo - matla sparseness limela, sesosa se ka sehloohong sa e majoe le marine lithoteng le maralla ea sehlekehleke sena e, e leng e hlalosoa ka sehlooho se reng.

Blizhlezhaschie lihlekehlekeng tse ling tse nyenyane

The radius ea km 'maloa ho tloha Bolshevik larileng ka tse fetang 20 lihlekehleke. The bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea bana o bitsoa feteletseng. Batho ba bang - Low, lebaloa, Sports, Klin, a hlobaetsang le, haufi, Marine le 'maloa - na sebakeng tse nyenyane. Kaofela ba ile ba arolelana le maralleng le a bataletseng majoe sebaka, ea bohale maemo a klimate, liphoofolo mafutsana le limela tse haella haholo.

Kamoo ho tseba sehlekehleke Bolshevik

Reviews lefatšeng lena mpe Polar. Ba ba tloaetse ho maemo a thata a bophelo le mosebetsi oa, empa e leng sehlekehleke sena kaofela ho Nyahama khatholla hae unremarkable, soaba sepakapakeng, leaden maqhubu, le matla a ho shapa khahlanong le lebōpong.

Histori ea tsoelo-pele ea sehlekehleke sena e, hammoho le bohle e ka Leboea ea Lefatše - e khanyang, e feletseng ea 'nete leqephe heroism ho pholletsa chrede libaka tse sibolotsoeng. Discoverers ea sehlekehleke sena e - litho tsa phagocytal leeto B.A.Vilkitskogo, ea ileng a pele a tla lebōpong la Bolsheviks ka 1913. Thuto ea ho fetisisa tse qaqileng le tlhaloso e qaqileng ea naha ho ne ho etsoa ka lilemo tse 1930-1932 nakong ea leeto oa Setsi sa Thuto ea ea North. litho tsa eona ke bo-rasaense ba Urvantsev ka nn chenchana VV, Ushakov GA Zhuravlev le sp,

Ka lilemo tse 1979-1983 lefatšeng lena fumanoa khauta placer. Ka 1992 sehlekehleke ile a eteloa ke Bolshevik tlholeho leeto bo-rasaense ba li hlano, eo mosebetsi o ka sehloohong e ne e le ho bona hore boemo ba pesticide silafatsoa ea Severnaya Zemlya.

ketsahalo ea bohlokoa e hlahile ho Ornithology ka 1992, ha sehlekehlekeng hlahisa nkhape le lebanta la gulls a soeufetse bakeng sa ho ithuta ka ho eketsehileng ea mofuta ona e.

Kakaretso ea sehlekehleke sohle 3 ke Polar seteishene - ho sebeletseng e mong ( "Cape Baranova") le tse peli tse koetsoeng ( "letsatsi" le "lehlabathe").