Asiti Acrylic. Lik'hemik'hale thepa. kopo

asiti Acrylic - ke o mong oa baemeli ba bonolo ba unsaturated monobasic acid carboxylic. moralo oa eona o ka tsela e latelang: CH2 = CH-COOH. Ke mokelikeli colorless ho ba le monko o bohale le a sa thabiseng. Qhibilihang ka har'a metsing, chloroform, diethyl joala le ethanol, susumelletsa ho eketsehileng polymerized ho theha acid e polyacrylic. Ka acid e ea lesela la acrylic nang mabitso a mang: acid e etenkarbonovaya le asiti propenoic.

Mokhoa oa ho fumana (kapa synthesize) acid e lesela la acrylic?

1. Hona joale, acid e lesela la acrylic e hlahisoang ke mouoane mohato ho kena moea oa propylene le oksijene (O2) ho molybdenum, bismuth kapa cobalt etswa ha. Mohlala ke ba itšoara joang e latelang:

CH2 = CH-CH3 (propylene) + O2 (oksijene) = CH2 = CH-COOH (acid e lesela la acrylic)

2. Nakong e fetileng, 'nile ea sebelisoa itsoara joang ka seo carbon monoxide e itšoara II (CO), acetylene (SN≡SN) le metsi (H2O). The lik'hemik'hale itsoara joang ka tla ka nako e tšoanang e tjena:

SN≡SN (acetylene) + CO (k'habone monoxide II) + H2O (metsi) → CH2 = CH-COOH (lesela la acrylic acid).

sebelisoa e 'ngoe ea formaldehyde a ileng a itšoara ka ketene:

CH2 = C = O (ketene) + H2C = O (formaldehyde) → CH2 = CH-COOH (propenoic acid).

3. Hona joale ke Rohm le Haas baka khethehileng acid e tswakana thekenoloji etenkarbonovoy tloha Propane.

Lik'hemik'hale thepa ea acid e lesela la acrylic

Nkoa e le rona acid e ka 'na theha matsoai, esters, anhydrides, amides, chloride acid e,' me metsoako tse ling. Hape e ka kena e phaella moo itšoara joang, ke tšobotsi ea carbons ethylene. Metsi loketse, protonic acid le NH3 le hlaha ha ke sa Markovnikov puso ea. Ena theha derivatives ka go engwa legatong lona. asiti Acrylic ho akarelletsa le tswakana diene. Hape le le khutsufalitsoeng le aryl diazonium matsoai a sa tšoaneng. Ha mahlaseli ts'ebetso ea ho lelefatsa bophelo ba lijo, ho bopa ea acid e polyacrylic.

Tshebediso ya kiloty lesela la acrylic

- sebelisoa e le lintho tse bonahalang e le e tala ka tlhahisong ea tse ngata tsa lihlahisoa polymer ka lik'hemik'hale 'meleng le thepa e fapaneng (mohlala, dipolasetiki le coatings);

- e sebelisoa ka ho hlahisa dispersions ea metsi ya pente lesela la acrylic; moo ba sebakeng seo ba kopo ya pente joalo e tla itšetleha ka thepa lik'hemik'hale tsa copolymer le - ho penta ea ho qetela ea likoloi le siling ho penta;

- acid e lesela la acrylic le derivatives lona li sebelisoa ho bōpa impregnation tsa letlalo 'me lisele tse ho emulsions ka pente, le boitsebiso bo sa e tala bakeng sa rubbers lesela la acrylic le likhoele lesela la acrylic, likhomaretsi kaho,' me metsoako lona; metaakrilovoy esters le asiti lesela la acrylic (ethers hangata sebelisoa, methylene methacrylate le methylene acrylate) sebelisoa ka tlhahiso ea polymers;

- likarolo tsa acid e le lesela la acrylic e sebelisoa ka ho bōptjoa ha superabsorbents.

E loketseng a polokelo ya acid e lesela la acrylic

Ha ho boloka ntho e le hore ho qoba molekyler sesitisa e eketsa - hydroquinone. Pele o sebedisa acid e ka lokela distill ba hlokolosi, ho tloha ho ka etsahala ntshetsopeleng explosively molekyler.

Safety ka tšebeliso

Ha ho sebetsa le asiti lesela la acrylic lokela ho nahana ka hore ntho e halefisang ho letlalo le lera la mucous. Monyako acid e halefisang e 0,04 mg, / litha e le nngwe. Ka mor'a ho kopana le le lera mucous ea leihlo la ka, e le busa, e etsa hore e matla corneal chesa, ho ka etsa hore liphetoho etsolloa (senya, ha phekoleha). Inhalation mouoane lesela la acrylic acid e ka 'na ea etsa hore hlooho e opang, ho teneha pampitšaneng ena ho hema,' me tekanyetso ka tsela e feteletseng - ntshetsopele ya edema methapo. Libakeng tseo mosebetsi o etsoang tsoa le asiti lesela la acrylic, ho hloka taolo kamehla moeeng. MPC acid e ena ke 5 mg, / metr³. mehato Security lokela ho ketekoa ha ho sebetsa le derivatives tse ling. E le mohlala ke acrylonitrile.