Aortic belofo: sebopeho, tshebetso mochine. Stenosis le insufficiency ea phunyang aortic

Aortic valvular lefu la pelo hangata tšoauoa ka tlhaku e rekoa le ho bonahatsa ea bongaka feela botsofali. boteng ba bona ho ka etsa hore e matla hemodynamic meferefere. The ho tiea tsa lefu ke hore liphetoho tse amang-valve tse etsolloa.

sebopeho ba pelo: valve

Pelo e le 'mele oa sekoti eo e na le likamore tse' nè. The le letšehali le le letona dihalofo arohane ka, partitions oo ha lihlopha Leha ho le joalo, mahareng a atrium le ventricle lehlakoreng ka leng e na le lesoba hlomelloa le belofo ka. dibopeho tsena ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho laola ho ajoa mali, ho thibela regurgitation, ke hore, ho betsa khutlisetsang.

Ka sala moo ka belofo mitral na le di-valve tse peli, 'me ka lehlakoreng le letona - ho tricuspid, ho na le limemo tse tharo. Di-valve ba fana dikgwele tendon, e etsa bonnete ba qalang ka tataiso e 'ngoe feela. Sena se thibela backflow mali ka atrium betsa. Ka phetoho ya ventricle letšehali ka aorta e, aortic belofo teng. mosebetsi lona - ho fana ka ho phahamiswa mong sekamela lehlakoreng le le mali ka aorta ena. Ka lehlakoreng le letona hape ke belofo tsa mothapo le methapo. mekhatlo bobeli ba bitsoa "semilunar" ba e mong le e na le limemo tse tharo. sa tloaelehang efe kapa efe, mohlala, calcification ea phunyang aortic, isang kgoreletsego tsa mokhatlo oa mali. likoli fumanweng atisa ho amahanngoa le lefu le teng. Ka lebaka leo, batho ba nang le lintlha tseo ho thoeng kotsi e lokela ho screened kamehla: haholo echocardiogram.

The mochine oa belofo aortic

A karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho ajoa ka likopi ho bapala belofo aortic. flaps li tiisitsoe kapa shortened - sena ke e 'ngoe ea pathologies tse khōlō. E ba sesosa sa ho se tsitse ha hemodynamic. Ho sebetsa ha karolo ena ea 'mele - ho etsa bonnete ba ntshetsopele ya mali ho tswa ho atrium letšehali ka ventricle e, ho thibela regurgitation. di-valve li tla buloa Pusong ea systole atrial, eaba mali nako e lebisitsoe ka belofo aortic ka ventricle ena. Ho ekelletsa moo, flaps li koaloa ho thibela foromeletsoeng khutlisetsang.

Pelo ea ka likoli: tlhophiso

Ke nako ea ketsahalo e sa le ka ho tsejoa likoli congenital pelo (aortic phunyang le mekhatlo e meng) le se fumaneng. liphetoho tse amang di-valve, e seng feela, empa mabota pelo. likoli congenital ba atisa ho kopantswe, ho etsa ho le thata ho hlahloba le ho alafa.

Aortic belofo stenosis

Bolwetse akarelletsa narrowing ya phetoho ea ventricle letšehali ka aorta e - amang lipampiri e phunyang le lisele tsa bona tse pota-potileng. lefu lena, ho ea ka litsupa dipalopalo, ho feta tloaelehileng ba batona. Tiisoa ha marako a aorta le belofo aortic e ka tloaelo ho amanang le diso rheumatic le holofatsang. Hape, e le etiologic moemeli ka sebetsa endocarditis, ramatiki. mafu tsena fella ka logan ea slats ho, ka tsela eo ho fokotsa tsamaiso bona le phunyang le ke keng la ba botlalo bulehileng nakong systole tsa ventricle letšehali. Ka botsofali, le lebaka la ho ho hloleha ho hangata atherosclerosis le calcification tsa lipampiri aortic belofo.

Ka lebaka la ho narrowing tsa bose aortic ho na le liphetoho tse khōlō hemodynamics. Di hlokomela ha tekanyo e oa stenosis e bontšoa ke - fokotsa pampitšana ke ho feta 50%. Sena se etsa hore 'nete ea hore kretiente tsa liphetoho aortic belofo khatello ea - aortic khatello e ntse e tloaelehileng, empa e eketsa ka ventricle letšehali. E ile ea eketseha ho pepesehela leboteng la ventricle letšehali isang ntshetsopele ya hypertrophy compensatory, ke hore, ho thickening lona. Ka mor'a moo a halefile mosebetsi diastolic le e etsang hore ho eketseha ha khatello ea ka atrium letšehali. Hypertrophy isang tlhokeho eketsehileng oksijene, Leha ho le joalo, e ile ea eketseha myocardial boima litlaleho tse bakeng sa phepelo ea pejana ea mali esita le ea fokotseha ka pathologies pataganeng. Sena se etsa hore tsoelo-pele ea ha pelo.

Tleliniki

Ka mekhahlelo ea pele ea e amehang, belofo aortic ka ha e bontša ka boeona. liphetoho Clinical etsahala'ng ha a qalang a thibelo ho 2/3 ea tloaelehileng. Ka Mokhathala haholo bakuli qala ho senya bohloko, localized morao breastbone ena. lefu bohloko maemong a sa tloaelehang, e ka amanang le tahlehelo ea kelo-hloko ka lebaka la ho systemic vasodilatation. Sebopeho sa kgatelelo ya madi methapo ea isang ho bokhutšoanyane phefumoloho, e leng qalong o amehang feela ka mojaro oa ka, empa ka nako eo ha ho phomotse. Bo tsoelang pele lefu nete hore e ba sesosa sa ho hloleha foleng pelo. Bolwetse hloka kalafo ho buoa, e le ho na le ke kotsi ya ho senyeha, 'me ka tšohanyetso lefu cardiac.

tlhathoba

Ka ho hlahloba ka, bakuli ba na le tšobotsi pallor amanang le fokoletse theko ea khumo cardiac. Radial mothapo pulse length ka batlang e lemohuoa - ke ka seoelo le ba fokolang. Auscultation hlokomela fokolisang tsa medumo 2 kapa petsoha. ECG ha ka ho lekaneng tse rutang - matshwao a hypertrophy ikemiselitse feela stenosis matla. The echocardiography fetisisa senoloa e le hore ba hlahloba ho belofo aortic. The flaps ba tiisitsoe le thatafetseng, narrowed a qalang - tse ka sehloohong tekotshupo mekgwatiriso, e thusang ho lemoha ho ithuta hona. Tekanyo ea ho stenosis le ho hatelloa ke kretiente ka katleho ho bona hore catheterization cavities.

kalafo

Ka maikutlo a ho-itekanetseng stenosis hloka feela khalemelo ea bophelo - ho qoba ho ikoetlisa ka tsela e feteletseng, kalafo ea comorbidities. Ka ho etsa maqhubu a khutsufalitsoeng kgetha blockers, 'me ka pelong ea hloleha diuretics atlehang, cardiac glycosides. A bolela hore tiiso marako tsa aorta le belofo aortic hloka kalafo ho buoa. Hangata ho nkoa maiketsetso kapa balune dilatation.

Aortic belofo insufficiency

Lebitso fuoa bolwetse tšoauoa mapheo nesmykaniem. ketsahalo ena e etsa hore ho khutla ha mali lahleloa ka ventricle le letšehali hore le hlaha ka nako ya diastole. Litšepisong Tsa Bochabela hangata complication ea endocarditis infective le rheumatic. Tlase hangata e e isang mokaola, aortic aneurysm, ho aorta, kgatelelo ya madi, lefu Marfan e, systemic lupus erythematosus.

Aortic belofo phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho ajoa ka. Fella koalo ea mapheo a eona e etsa hore regurgitation, ke hore,, ka ho khutla ha mali ho le letšehali ventricle betsa. Phello ke mali ka tsela e feteletseng bophahamo ba modumo ea cavity lona, e leng isang overload le stretchability. Khathatseha systolic mosebetsi le khatello e phahameng ea mali isang ntshetsopele ya hypertrophy. Retrograde eketseha khatello ka lesakaneng ba banyenyane - bōpehileng joaloka kgatelelo ya madi methapo.

Tleliniki

Ka stenosis, bolwetse etsa ka boeona e ile a ikutloa feela isa tekanyong e mpe ea ho hloleha. Ha Mokhathala bokhutšoanyane se etsahala, e amanang le kgatelelo ya madi methapo. Bohloko tšoenngoa feela 20% ea linyeoe. Ka nako e tšoanang a bontša auscultation le matšoao a bolwetse:

1. Pulsation tsa methapo carotid.
2. Letšoao Duroziez kapa ketsahalo e sa systolic korotlela ka mothapo ho femoral. E hlaha ha a ne a pinched haufi le boemo ba ho mamela.
3. Letšoao angioedema - fetola 'mala oa molomo le manala ho ya ka pulsation tsa arterioles ena.
4. Traube melumo habeli, le phahameng, "Cannon" a hlahang fetang mothapo ho femoral.
5. Letšoao de Khao Musset, o ile a bontša a sisinya hlooho.
6. Diastolic lerata mora 2 melumo etsahalang ka auscultation ba pelo, hammoho le ho fokolisa 1 sekontiri se metsi.

tlhathoba

mekhoa rutang kenyeletsa echocardiography le catheterization cavities. Ba dumella ho hlahloba belofo aortic, hammoho le ho Track molumo mali regurgitated. Ka lebaka la lithuto tsa tsena ke ikemiselitse ho tiea tsa motlatsi le bua le taba ea hore ho hlokahala bakeng sa ho buuoa.

kalafo

Haholo ho hloka ya bophahamo ba modumo kgolo ya regurgitation, matla bontshang matshwao hloka kalafo ho buoa. Homolog ka lihlahisoa - maiketsetso aortic di-valve, eo ho dumella ho tsosolosa pelo ea mosebetsi. Haeba ho hlokahala, ka abeloa meriana bontshang matshwao.

Stenosis le belofo aortic - the likoli atileng ka ho fetisisa pelong ea, e leng hangata liphello tsa lefu lehae kapa systemic. The bolwetse setsi ena butle-butle, e leng o dumella nako ya ho hlahloba eona. mekhoa ea kajeno ea phekolo ho thusa tsosolosa belofo mosebetsi le ho ntlafatsa boemo ba mokuli.