Tšepe ke eng? ke mesebetsi ea eona ke efe?

Ka batho, ho na le mokhoa oa ho litsoelesa, bao mosebetsi o ikarabella ho etsa bonnete ba tshebetsong tloaelehileng ea makala tsohle ka hare. Ka moriana, khopolo ena e bitsoa "endocrine tsamaiso e khopo." Hangata re utloa ka eona, empa ba bangata ba rōna ba le ho honyenyane kapa ho hang ha mohopolo wa thepa oa bohlokoa oa ho litsoelesa le endocrine.

lisele tse Endocrine ba teng ho pholletsa le 'mele. Ba balaoli ea tlhahiso-hormone. A karolo e itseng ea lisele ea tsamaiso ea endocrine ke ka setotsoana ho thehoe sethusathuto glandular. Endocrine litsoelesa fana tlhahiso le pelehi hormone kotloloho ka 'mele ea sele le tsamaiso ea ho potoloha ha mali.

litsoelesa mefuta e sa tsoaneng

'Mele oa motho e reretsoe ho ikhethang. E mong le e lekala e na le e itseng mosebetsi: ho mala digests lijo, khanya ntlafatsa 'mele le oksijene, joalo-joalo tšepe ke eng, batho ba bangata ba ka se hlalosa. Ho ke lekala hore e hlahisa ntho e sebetsang, e fapaneng ka lik'hemik'hale tsa bona.

Ka 'mele oa motho ho na le litsoelesa ba babeli tsamaiso e khopo:

• Endocrine na le litsoelesa ductless.
• Exocrine - tsa litsoelesa exocrine.

mesebetsi

Endocrine oona tsamaisong - ke e rarahaneng ho intša ho laola mochine. Se tšobotsi lona le seo Mesebetsi e etsa, leka ho utloisisa.

• Hare secretion hlahisa phetoho ea makala 'me tsamaiso ea.
• boemo tsehetso ea hlabollo-maikutlong itšetlehile ka tsamaiso ea endocrine.
• mesebetsi ho ikatisa ke ka ho toba itšetlehile ka maemo hormonal.
• litsoelesa Endocrine ameha ka mafolofolo liphetoho tse sa tšoaneng, synthesizing dintho tse itseng.
• Ka maemo a ho hormonal ea ho hōla itšetlehileng ka eona le ka kholo ea batho.
• Ka lebaka la tsamaiso ea endocrine etsa bonnete ba botsitso ba dithulaganyo bohlokoa, maloetseng e hlahisoang. Motho oa manganga ho liphetoho a tikoloho.

Ka mafu a sa tšoaneng mosebetsi tšoelesa na ha hlokahala hore ka laolwa, kahoo lingaka li ka phekolo sebelisa lithethefatsi hore thusa tsosolosa teka-tekano hormonal.

Tsamaiso ea endocrine e tetema haholo, 'me hangata mosebetsi oa hae ka ho ferekanngoa ke lintlha tse itseng:

• Tšohile khatello ea maikutlo le ho imeloa kelellong.
• Phahameng semelo sa mahlaseli.
• Lijo tse ka thata-thata.
• Tlhokeho ya a iodine litareng e ka 'mele.
• Pepesehela lik'hemik'hale.

ke seo li-hormone?

tšepe ke eng, re ba se a ntse a sebetsana le. Hona joale o leka ho fumana makgetheng hlahisoang ke sehlahisoa lona. dintho Haholo a sebetsang a hlahisoang ke litsoelesa ba bitsoa li-hormone. Ba ama litho tsa ka hare e itseng le tsamaiso ea 'mele. Empa tšusumetsong ea e itseng e le hore e lebisitsoe ho sebakeng se itseng sa dithulaganyo tshilong ya dijo.

Ho na le lihlopha tse tharo tsa li-hormone tse fapaneng lik'hemik'hale sebopeho:

• Steroid - ntho mafura-joaloka. hormone tsena li hlahisoang ke ho cortex adrenal le gonads.
• Peptides le liprotheine. Tsena mefuta e sa li-hormone e kenyeletsa ho thusa insulin le dintho tse hlahisoang ke ho pituitary tšoelesa.
• -amino acid. sehlopha sena se akarelletsa epinephrine le thyroxine.

Hormone ka ama matla a dithulaganyo tshilong ya dijo. Ba na le boikarabelo ba qala ho ea kena bonneng kapa bosaling, dinama tse nyenyane tse ho khethollo ea 'me ho hōla.

Karolo ea pituitary tšoelesa tsamaisong ea endocrine

ke eng pituitary tšoelesa? ke mesebetsi e etsang ke eng? mele ke hokae? Tsamaiso ea endocrine, e mong oa ea bohlokoa e ngata ke pituitary tšoelesa. 'mele ona - boko leketlileng. E sebakeng e le setsi sa boko (karolong e bohareng). Pituitary amanang le hypothalamus maoto khethehileng. tšoelesa boima ke e nyenyane haholo - 0.5 g,

The pituitary tšoelesa hlahisa le synthesizes-hormone tse kang:

• Gonadotropin ama ho sebetsa ha litsoelesa le ho kopanela liphate le di hlohleletsago tlhahiso ea li-hormone tse ho tsona.
• Corticotropin e ikarabella bakeng sa tlhahiso ea li-hormone ke cortex adrenal.
• Kgolo ya Hormone - HGH.
• Thyrotropin sebetsang sebakeng sa hae e le regulator ya thyroid le.
• Prolactin o laola diabolololo le tsoalo ka basali.
• Oxytocin di hlohleletsago le khutsufatso ea makala boreleli mesifa kang mala, manyeme le senya, popelo.
• Vasopressin fokotsa moroto le boikarabelo ba ho vasoconstriction.

ke eng e endocrine tšoelesa, re utloisisa. Hona joale e se ke ho hlokahala hore ho tseba hore na litho tsa ka hare tse ling tse endocrine ke ka 'mele oa motho.

litsoelesa tse ling

The thyroid tsoelesa e - e le 'mele eo boima ba' mele ke hoo e ka bang ho tswa ho 16 ho 23, o hlahisa li-hormone tse nang le iodine litareng: thyroxine, calcitonin, triiodothyronine. Ha mosebetsi oa Tšebeliso e Mpe ea 'mele e ka myxedema lefu ba motho e bontšang ka mucosal edema. Ho batho, bakuli ba nang le matšoao ana:

• metaboliki dithulaganyo ho senyeha;
• theola la mocheso;
• lieha ho otla ha pelo;
• nona;
• lethargy;
• puffiness le omile tsa letlalo.

lefu lena le hlaha ha ho hloka iodine litareng e, kapa ka ea fokotseha ka mosebetsi oa tšoelesa boeona.

Irregularities ka thyroid tsoelesa e ka bana ba qholotsa ntshetsopele ya mafu a kang cretinism. Ao bo a bakang 'dementia' a le tieho ntshetsopeleng meleng.

Nahana ka tse hlahisang lihomone litsoelesa tse ling tsa tsamaiso ea endocrine:

• Manyeme amana mofuta ya e tsoakiloeng, ka vneshnesekretnuyu etsa mosebetsi (kgetho pancreatic lero bokaholimo ba matsoele limatlafatsi) le vnutrisekretnuyu (hlahisa li-hormone tse kang ho thusa insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, pancreatic polypeptide, vasoactive mala polypeptide).
• Adrenal litsoelesa - 'mele hore ntša li-hormone tsa boko le adrenal cortex: dopamine, adrenaline, aldosterone, cortisol, joalo-joalo Irregularities ka ea tšoelesa ea senya ho ka 'na tsosang ntshetsopele ya Addison (boronse) lefu.

• The thymus tšoelesa hlahisa thymosin - hormone le boikarabelo ba ho le thulaganyo ya kgolo le sireletsehile maloetseng ana. Amehang sebopeho sa lymphocytes.
• litsoelesa Parathyroid hlahisa homone parathyroid, e amehang ka tswakana tsa khalsiamo le phosphorus.
• Sex litsoelesa ke e tsoakiloeng mofuta. Endocrine mosebetsi - ho hlahisa li-hormone ho kopanela liphate: estrogen bananeng, androgen le progesterone. Exocrine mosebetsi - sebopeho le ho itšehla thajana ea diretswe go dira gametes motona le e motšehali (peō ea botona le lehe).

A sehloohong sena a re tla araba potso e reng, se tšepe, ba hlahloba karolo ea eona e leng 'mele oa motho.