Totalitarianism - tsamaiso oo motho a fetoha cog

Totalitarianism - le mokhoa oa ho theha mokhatlo oa lipolotiki matla, eo ho eona le boemo ka thuso ea litsi tse coercion molao ho theha palo yohle laola likarolo tsohle tsa sechaba. Ho fapana le authoritarianism - tse ling tse bao e seng demokrasi puso - e leka ho phunyeletse ka menahano, bophelo ba botho, 'me esita le litumelo tsa motho ka mong. O leka ho re qobella hore esita le fetola bophelo ba lelapa la baahi le theha tsamaiso ya palo yohle leihlo.

Ka naha ea Soviet Union ea mehleng ba ntse ba fumanoa har'a baahi nostalgic bakeng sa matsatsi a Stalin mahlomola le tabatabelo ea ho "letsoho le matla." Di hanyetsoa ke batho ba nang le ho hanyetsa maikutlo a, a bolela hore totalitarianism - ke Stalinism. Ba bolela mabapi le khopolo ea hae ea likhang tse latelang: ka 'muso oa Stalin o busitse e likhopolong tsa molao ea "Marxism-Leninism", eo e ne e lokela ba ile ba kopanela ka ho baahi bohle. Ho Tšepahala ho talima lintho ka tsela ena e ne e le ho bontša lintho tsohle le hohle - ho etsa mohlala, litšupiso tseo a li finyeletseng e le leholo la taolo ya mososhaliste ne etelloa pele esita apolitical mesebetsi litsebi ka thuto ea lipalo.

Khang ea bobeli eo totalitarianism - ena ke Stalinism, ke hore ka Naheng ea Masoviet nako eo o ne a beha taolo mapolesa, 'me kakaretso ea. From ya kindergarten khothalletsoang boikutlo hore naha eohle e phela ka pota-potiloe ke lira, Link bobeli - imperialist "dinaheng kaplagerya" le ka hare - saboteurs ba senya. Sena "sera sa batho ba" ka ho ba moahi leha e le efe, 'me batho ba bangata ba ne ba tšaba Baemeli khethehileng matla' ohle matla sebopeho - the Cheka, NKVD, hamorao KGB.

E emelang 'nete ea hore totalitarianism - ena ke Stalinism,' me se bontša tsamaiso mong mokha oa 'muso. Mokha oa Makomonisi oa absolutism likhopolo hlahisa - mong le e mong "deviationism" ka sehlōhō hlorisoa. mekhatlo eohle, mecha ea litaba e le thuto ea angoa ke ho mokga atileng. baahi bohle ba amohuoa tokelo ea ho hakaalo. Moruo e laolwa ka botlalo ke mmuso, leha e le efe kgwebo poraefete e lemohuoa e le encroachment ka unregulated chelete e kenang matla ho fehla motlakase. Ka tekanyo e khōlō ho sebelisa mosebetsi oa makhoba (Gulag).

Kahoo, ka hore na maemo e le nostalgic rona ba bang ba batho ba hōlileng ba rōna joang? Haeba ho ne ho le joalo e mpe, joale ke hobane'ng ha e jwalo maikutlo ho ea ka setšoantšo sa "baatlelete tse ling tsohle" le ho "ntat'a lichaba" Stalin? E, Soviet ea 1930s Union e ne e le puso ea bohatelli, empa ka nako e hamorao e ne e ke ke ha khoneha ho ba le ho thoeng. Hamorao tsamaiso ea Soviet Union, ho ena, tla tlas'a tlhaloso ea authoritarianism. tsamaiso ea tsena tse peli tse undemocratic muso - authoritarianism le totalitarianism - na tšoana linthong tse ngata, empa e 'ngoe phapang ea bohlokoa haholo. Tsamaiso ea pele ha e batla ho phunyeletse le ho theha laola likarolo tsohle tsa sechaba, feela tsa lipolotiki le tsa moea 'me likhopolo.

Ha authoritarianism ho na le mokato ea baahi hore o ikutloa ka nako e tšoanang ea khotsofatsa 'me sireletsehileng - sebetsa metseng e meholo ka ho USSR, sehlopha sa bohareng tlas'a Molaoli de Khao Gaulle Fora, le industrialists kholo tlas'a Pinochet. Tlas'a tshireletso totalitarianism ha ikutloa motho, ka ntle ho a phahameng sechabeng busang ka eona. Histori ea lekholo la mashome a mabeli ke kotonda le ea bohatelli joalo khethehileng. O ile a hlaha lentsoe "totalitarianism" ka Italy ea Mussolini, empa fumana ponahalo lona thata ka ho fetisisa ho honyenyane hamorao - ka ea Manazi Boraro Reich likhopolong tsa Hitler ba sa Khmer Rouge, Maoism, Turkmenistan tlas'a Turkmenbashi le likhopolong tsa ba "Juche" ka Korea Leboea