The State Hermitage Museum. Hermitage (St. Petersburg): pokello ea litšoantšo

libaka seo hangata ho fetisisa o ile a etela ke bahahlauli, fihla St. Petersburg? Hermitage, Kunstkamera le cruiser "Aurora".

The Hermitage e ikhethang?

Ho kholo ka ho fetisisa bonono ea lefatše ho ea le musiamo setso-histori. O e boetse e tsebahala le ratoa e le Louvre, Musiamong oa Brithani le Metropolitan Museum. The State Hermitage nang milione 3 lipontsuoa, ho akarelletsa le litšoantšo le mong, ho na le tse 15 tse sekete. Ho hakanngoa hore ha fuoa e mong le e ntho ka musiamo motsotsong 1 feela, ka nako eo ho bona likoleke kaofela ha Hermitage hlokahale ... lilemo tse 8! 'Me e fuoa feela ho lipontsuoa ka ho sa feleng, empa lipontšo nakoana. Hermitage hape hlophisa e dozen tsena khoeli le khoeli. Le tsohle bolelele phasejeng e 20 km SE. Empa fagahlelwago o ka sehloohong oa musiamo sena ha se ka tekanyo e le ha palo ea lintho tse bolokiloeng tsa histori, 'me ha e le hantle hore ho na le tse ngata pele e tsoileng ea ho penta lefatše le mefuta e meng ea bonono.

Moo e ke?

Location Museum - ka Palace Embankment. The State Hermitage - e rarahaneng ea meaho tse hlano (ho Mariha Palace, le New Hermitage, Grand Hermitage, ho Hermitage Nyenyane le Hermitage Theater). Monyako ka sehloohong e teng ka Palace Square, 2.

Kemiso ea Thuto

The State Hermitage ke loketse ho amohela baeti ho tloha Labobeli ho Sunday, ho qala ka 10,30. Qetellong ea mosebetsi - 18.00, empa ka Laboraro - 21,00. Letsatsi theoha - Mantaha. Empa hlokomela: chelete setopong rekisa litekete hora pele koalang. Ho ke ke molemo ho rera ka thapolla maoto ka Hermitage ka mor'a lihora tse ka pele ja lijo tsa motsehare le ka beke ka dinako - batho ba fokolang. Empa tse fetang mafelong a beke ka linako tse ling u lokela ho ema moleng ho ka ka hora.

litheko tekete

Litekete ka Hermitage ke batlang e le theko e tlaase. Bakeng sa baahi ba Russia theko tla ba 100 li-ruble, baamogedi ba phensene, liithuti le bana -. Free. Basele e tla lokela ho lefa 350 li-ruble. Empa mong le e mong Labone la pele la khoeli - mahala letsatsi bakeng sa mong le e mong.

History ea pōpo

Ka 1764 Catherine e Moholo rekoa 225 metako tswa pokello ea Jeremane mohoebi Yohanna Gotskovskogo. pokello ena e ile etselitsoeng King Frederick II ea Prussia, empa ka lebaka la ho mathata a lichelete, o ne a ke ke lopolla eona. Enterprising mohoebi e filwe ho etsa ea Russia moemphera, 'me o ile a lumela ntle ho tsilatsila, e le hore ho bontša theoha ka pel'a morena Sejeremane. Kaha Gotskovsky ne ba se na tsebo e tebileng tšimong ea bonono, pokello e kenyeletsa litšoantšo ho ena le mediocre (ka ho ipapisa le batho ba ileng ba tla hamorao). Bana e ne e haholo-holo mesebetsi ea matsoho ea benghali ba Madache le Flemish, hammoho le ba bang ba mesebetsi ke baetsi ba litšoantšo ba Mataliana ba lekholong la XVII. Empa har'a bona ke sehlahisoa sa Khalsa le lerako.

selemong sena (1764, th), 'me e nkoa e le selemo sa motheo oa Hermitage, le hoja musiamo e ka kutloisiso ea kajeno oa lentsoe ha a eo. Ka mor'a lilemo tse hlano, ho fumana e ne e le ka tsela e latelang: metako 600 ho tloha pokello poraefete tsa Count av Bruhl. Ho ne ho lipontsuoa bohlokoa: "Portrait ea Man Khale ka Red" Rembrandt, "Perseus le Andromeda" ke Rubens le ba bang.

E mong le metako 400 rekileng ke French mokelli Pierre Crozat. Kahoo, ka St. Petersburg ne "Oa halalela Lelapa" ke Raphael, "Judith" ke Giorgione, "Danae" Titian o "Portrait tsa Infanta Isabella far, kid" Rubens, "Self-potreite" ke Van Dyck.

Ho fumana Catherine ea tsoileng tsa bonono lefatše le sebaka sa pele e ne e le ketso tsa lipolotiki li ne ho bontša hore Russia Empire - the ntshetswa pele le naheng bao e seng e fokolang ya hore a ka khona ho phela mabothobothong joalo. Ka 1774, ka rua Empress ne 2080 litšoantšo, empa ba ne ba sa li bolella ba. Re nako ena ke e tummeng polelo ea Catherine hore admires le e feela toeba. Leha hamorao fihlella la gallery ho ile ha buloa, empa ke tumello e khethehileng ea.

Hamorao Hermitage amohetse thepa ea tlosoa mansions tsa nobility le matlo a borena le leng la borena. Musiamo replenished le likoleke poraefete tsa Yusupov, Stroganov, Sheremetev. diinstitusene tsa tse ling isoa lipontsuoa bona ho Hermitage.

The pokello ea litšoantšo

Thanks ho lipontsuoa tsa Hermitage, ho ka etsahala ho trace histori ea bonono lefatše 'me le bone kamoo ntshetswa tsebo ea ho Engelane, Belgium, Holland, Spain, Italy, Fora le linaheng tse ling. Ka mohlala, ka seboka se emeloang metako 7000 feela ke baetsi ba litšoantšo ba European ho tloha Mehleng e Bohareng le ho ipolaea le lekholong la lilemo la ho qetela. Ntle le pontšo ea ka ho sa feleng, ho na le boetse ho na le ba nakoana lipontšo. Hermitage ke hloko pholosa bohlokoa setso lefa la nakong e fetileng, kahoo ba bang ba disampole tse bulehileng bakeng sa ho fihlella setjhaba feela ka libeke tse 'maloa ka selemo sa ho boloka ba bona.

Liholo Tsa bonono Bophirimela khabisitsoeng ka motheo oa tatellano ea liketsahalo le libaka, ke hore, ho e 'ngoe mesebetsi bokella ya naha painters itseng ka nako e itseng ea nako. Ka mohlala, la gallery ea Setaliana ho penta le makholo a lilemo XIII-XVIII ka ithorise ba tsoileng kang "The Annunciation" ke Simone Martini, "madonna madonna self Benua" le "madonna madonna self Litta" Leonardo kithe Vinci o "The Lelapa Halalelang" ke Raphael.

ruile haholo tlhaloso e sa Flemish o motle bonono XVII-XVIII lilemo tse makholo. Boikakaso ba pokello e - 32 metako ke Rubens ( "The Union ea Earth le Metsi", "Bacchus" le kgolo moholohali le le khabisitsoeng le ka lipotoloho), 24 mesebetsi ea thaka ea hae Van Dyck ( "Self").

Ka la gallery tsa Spain ho penta XV - qalong ea metako XVIII lekholong la lilemo la bolokoa El Greco ( "Baapostola Petrose le Pauluse ba ile"), Velazquez ( "lijo tsa hoseng"),, de Goya ( "Portrait tsa Actress Antonia Zarate"). Ho ka etsahala hore ba boloke ntshetsopele ya Gothic le mekhoa ea sebele le karavadzhizma.

Ikhethang morui, pokello ea litšoantšo (ka 1000) ka baetsi ba litšoantšo ba Madache, ho akarelletsa le ba pele le morao Rembrandt.

E le atile ka ho penta Hermitage, Senyesemane feela ntle le UK boeona. a thahasella mosebetsi oa lekhotla potreite. E mong oa le metako ea lefatše-e tsebahalang ke "Portrait tsa Lady ka Blue" ka Thomas Gainsborough.

Ka sa pontso ka holong ea ho penta French XV-XVIII makholo a lilemo, sebaka bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa e lula e borashe classicist Nikola Pussena. A pokello ea mesebetsi ka ho halofo ea bobeli ea XIX - lekholong la lilemo la XX e nkoa e mong oa ka ho fetisisa tsa lefatše. Hape ho na le tse tummeng ka impressionist Monet ( "Lady ka Garden", "Waterloo Bridge") le Renoir ( "Girl le Fan"), 'me Degas ( "Concorde"). Boikakaso ba pokello - 38 tsa pele le la 31 Matisse - Picasso.

e totobatsa mong'a likolo tse Berlin le Munich ka holong ea bonono Sejeremane. Hape hapa tlhokomelo ea metako ea ntoeng e nehetsoeng ho Ntoa ea ho rata naha ea 1812 'me mosebetsi oa Frederick ka mokhoa Baratani.

Morao tjena, ho State Hermitage rekileng "Black Square" ke Malevich. Sena ke e mong oa mesebetsi tsebahalang ka ho fetisisa ea bonono Russia ea lekholo la nakong e fetileng.

ke eng qetellong? O ka bolella nako e telele le ka liemahale meralo le, liemahale le ka Hermitage. Empa ho bala ka e tsoileng ea ho penta le lintho tse ngata tlase monate ho feta ho thabela ka ho toba ntle. Ka lebaka leo, ho ke ke ho hlokahala sa qeaqee ho tsamaea le reka litekete ho Hermitage bakeng sa lelapa lohle. Ho tla ba rutang.