Polyphylla: Tlhaloso le tikoloho

Mabole beetle, - e likokoanyana le potoloho ntshetsopeleng e telele, structurally tšoanang le ea May-maleshoane. Tloaelehile Southern Europe, Ukraine le mokhoa o sa fellang Russia. Kazakhstan, Asia Bohareng le Black Sea libaka steppe e tšoanang le e papiso (ka ponahalo le mekhoa ea) - beetle, maleshoane, ka ho feletseng koahetsoeng ka sekala tšoeu. Ka Caucasus, lapeng ho Beetle July Caucasus.

Polyphylla: Tlhaloso

Bao e leng lelapa la scarab beetle, tšoauoa 'mala o motsho-sootho le litekanyo ho lekaneng kgolo (ka 30-45 limilimithara ka bolelele). A tšobotsi e khethehileng ke elytra, hlooho le pronotum le matheba a multiple whitish, eaba ba etsa 'mabole paterone. Mpa pubescent, leseling moriri o moputsoa. Forelegs - cheka, ka 35 limilimithara nako e telele. Antennae brownish Rusty, crankshafts, fene e bōpehileng joaloka kobehileng foromo, e bopilweng ka ho tloha 7 Mace lipoleiti. tšehali le tse ho feta itekanetseng, ea likarolo 5 bokhutšoanyane.

maemo a teng

July Polyphylla boima bonahala qetellong ea June, ha sete mocheso phahame ho feta 10 ^° C motšehare ipatile le dikarolo le e ka holimo ea mobu, mantsiboea likokoanyana tsena fofa ka ntle. Boleng ba lijo tsa ho khetha makhasi morara, eike, le linale phaene. Le ba batšehali ke ba khathetseng moeeng; fofa sebaka se selelele lekgutshwanyane haholo-holo ba batona. Ha letsatsi le chaba Polyphylla patoa fatše kapa a ntse a le sefateng.

Mate kang likokoanyana khetha lihora tse ka shoalane. Mahe, tšoauoa ka 'mala o mosoeu le sebopeho o molelele o, e tšehali e behela mobung; fecundity la motho e mong - ba ka bang 50 mahe. Nakong ea khoeli ea mahe a hlaha tšoeu, larvae, lekanyang ka 7,5 cm teteaneng kobehileng kutu ka bolelele le cm, 1.5 ka bophara. Hlooho khanya e khubelu ntle mahlo. Ntshetsa pele nakong ea lilemo tse tharo, ba emetse hore mariha mobung ka ka botebo ba ka bang 1 mitha. Ha ho fihla selemo tsoha ka le dikarolo e ka holimo, 'me ema ho tsoa ho mocheso le matla haholo ka le dikarolo e batang ea mobu.

Tla tharo hibernation, halofo ea bobeli oa June senakangoeli kena sethaleng pupation; pupa boholo ka bang 40 limilimithara. Polyphylla hlaha ho tswa ho ka mor'a libeke tse 3. The di fifaditsweng di e le libaka tse pholileng larval nako ntshetsopeleng ka atoloswa selemo e 'ngoe: ka sethaleng pupation e tla tla ka linako tse 4.

Senakangoeli Polyphylla: gobatsa bana

Batho ba baholo-maleshoane maleshoane jang e nyenyane, e le sa mok'hadinale ha aa ka a ntša kotsi dimela a bakang. The tse senyang lijalo kotsi ka ho fetisisa ke larvae lona. Ha a ntse a ho ba sethaleng sa pele sa lilemo, ba ile ba fepa ka humus le semela metso e monyenyane. Ka nako ea bobeli senya metso ea lifate tsa litholoana le cuttings morara ho feta a ka bolaea semela. Ka ho rata ja tubers litapole, beet, konofolo, onion, k'habeche, oilseed le peto, poone. Motho ka mong ea lilemo boraro ka tšoanang le ja metso ea lifate tsa khale. selemong se fetileng ntshetsopele ya larvae le ha feela khone ho khaola ba le motso oa phaene mocha, empa hape itōma ba le motso oa sefate sa matla.

Eaba li khetha ho lula ka mobu futsanehileng moo ho neng ho dimela angoa ke mafu le tse senyang lijalo theolela beetle, larvae mabole baka kotsi e khōlō ho plantings ba bacha ba lirapa tsa morara le lifate tsa litholoana. Ka linako tse ling ho eketsa mesebetsi ea eona e leng sieo ha mongobo mobung. Ho 'nile ha Maemong a hoo e ka bang ka ho feletseng (70%) ho timetsoa ha cuttings morara lenngoeng mabōpong Dnieper.

The mokhoa likokoana-hloko ea tšireletso

Lwantsha mabole beetle, larvae litsela tse 'maloa tse ka go tlhaolega etsoa hammoho le oa ba bang.

Sena mokhoa tsa likokoana-hloko, e leng sebedisa lira tsa likoluoa tsa tlhaho Polyphylla, ka chipped ho khetheha (Scolia quadripunctata). Bonolo batlisisang ka fatše senakangoeli ea sera se ka 'nang (fallela ho eena hoo e ka bang ka mola ka kotloloho), Leha ho le joalo paralyzing la thipa lehlatsipa, ebe e behela lehe le ka mpeng ea eona. Ka linako tse ling ho rala mahe ha hlahisa, empa otla la thipa lehlatsipa shoa joalo. Loha larvae Scola ka lijo ho sebelisa makhotla senakangoeli - e mosa ea lijo kamehla foreshe: immobility, empa le tsamaisoa tsoela pele. Joale e ntan'o ba ho sokoloha thulaganyou e nakong pupal le batho ba baholo likokoanyana. jang qetela lero la lipalesa joaloka feverweed, onion lihlooho, Phacelia. Ka hona, litsebi li fana ka maikutlo a libakeng tse anngoeng ke mesebetsi senya larvae Polyphylla, lema dimela tsena e le hore ho hohela dita. Mebala e kgothaletswa ho jaloa ka lilemo tse ngata, ka tsela eo ho etsa bonnete ba ho tswelopela ea ho la timetso ea disenyi ya.

Mekhoa ea ntoa

E le hore ho sireletsa libaka tsa setso tsa Polyphylla khothalletsoang hore kalafo ea tsamaiso le motso oa sethopo le likokoanyana. Silafalitsoe mobu e hlokehang chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana megopolong.

Polyphylla haholo colonizes likarolo forestless lotho lolea, kahoo libakeng tse moo ho hlokahalang ho fana ka tikoloho segokanyipalo emela. Fresh lema itšeha buelloa ho nka e le moru monyenyane, 'me clearings khale e hlokehang ho etsa tebileng lema naha le kenyelletso e tšoanang le ea lik'hemik'hale. lifate Accumulations Polyphylla tlosoa tharollo ea lik'hemik'hale.