Mefuta le mefuta e sa tsoaneng ya phaene. Types of dikhouno phaene

Tse fetang lekholo mabitso a lifate tse etsang genus phaene, aba ka mose ho Northern Lefatše. Ho phaella moo, mefuta e meng ea lifate phaene ka fumanoa lithabeng feela boroa le esita le ka chesang e mongobo. Sena se lulang se le setala monoecious lifate phaene se nang le makhasi nale hare.

Karolo e ke haholo-holo ka sebaka sa tshebetso sa paballo ya naha setho, le hoja mefuta e mengata ea limela phaene artificially le hlahileng 'me hangata bitsoa ka lebitso la breeder ya.

Tlhaloso e akaretsang ea phaene genus

Ponahalo e phaene ka ba e fapaneng: hangata ho lifate, 'me ka linako tse ling itihela fatše ka lihlahla. Sebopeho sa moqhaka le lilemo ranges ho tloha pyramidal ho chitja kapa umbellate. Sena ke ka lebaka la a ponang-hang tsa makala e ka tlaase 'me ho hōla ka potlako makala ka bophara.

Letlobo, e bokella linale e, ke ntho e tloaelehileng, shortened kapa lengthened. linale li bokella mangata, a bataletseng kapa kgutlotharo, e moqotetsane le nako e telele, u se ke a oa bakeng sa lilemo tse 3-6. O ile a lokisetsa ho pota e le setsi flakes e metle. litholoana tse dikhouno, tse hlahisa ka hare dipeo (ka mapheo le ba se na tsona).

Ka kakaretso, mefuta e sa tšoaneng tsa phaene se le eena o fastidious, komello manganga, a batang manganga 'me u se ke ua hloka mobu o nonneng. limela khetha omileng mobu lehlabathe le Stony, le hoja e le taba ena ntle le White Pine, Wallich, boroku kedare le ba ikemiselitseng ho hola le mongobo ka tsela e itekanetseng. Bakeng sa lithaba phaene loketseng mobu chalky. 'Me hona joale ho ela hloko ka ho qaqileng ho feta ba bang ba ya mefuta e sa tsoaneng ya lijalo ena.

Scotch phaene

Sena ke mohlomong e conifer fetisisa atile Eurasia, e ka bitsoa letšoao la meru Serussia. Lebaka la phaene lerato la leseli, ba ikutloa ba e ntle le e ka thata boemo ba leholimo e ka leboea, 'me ka mocheso steppe. Le hula ka mamella maemo a metseng ea litoropo, empa e le chai le ka sehloohong la ho bōptjoa ha meru mobung lehlabathe. Moralo landschap tsa scots phaene ka tlhokeho ya mefuta e fapaneng ya diforomo le khabisitsoeng le 'me ka kholo ea ka potlako.

sefate ka hōla ho fihlela ho limithara tse 40. makhapetla e tletlerana, e khubelu-e sootho, e dimela mocha - e tšesaane, hanyenyane lamunu. linale ba putsoa-grey mmala, e kopanetsoeng, sa tenyetseheng, bo batalle kapa e kobehileng, 4-6 cm, nako e telele. A le lilemo li palo e kahodimodimo ea sefate tlas'a maemo a molemo ka - lilemo tse 400-600.

Ho na le ba bangata ba artificially le hlahileng dwarf le dwarf mefuta e sa tsoaneng tsa phaene scots. Ka maemo a tsa tlhaho ka naheng ea sebaka seo e le hlaha ka mefuta e mengata e fapaneng, 'me habonolo tšela le mefuta e kang o motsho phaene le lithaba. Ho itšetlehile ka sebaka seo ho hōla e le tsona abelwa ka 30 liforomo tlholeho - ecotypes.

Siberia Lejoe phaene

Popular le tse ling tse mefuta e sa phaena. Russia, e mong oa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa mefuta e sefate moru ke ea Siberia Lejoe phaene - e matla sefate le morui, MNV ovoid moqhaka. linale ba lekgutshwanyane (6-13 cm,) le kaba. Hardy, e ntse e hōla ka libaka permafrost, ka lebanta taiga. Peō ea dikhouno kgolo di jeoang le ruileng oli mafura. Bophahamo ba limithara tse ho fihlela ho 3.

Pine kedare Elfin

Tloaelehile Bophirimela Siberia le Bochabela bo Hōle. Cedar Elfin phaene na le sebopeho morung, nang atolosa 'me o na le matla a ho nka makala a motso theolela fatše. Ho e mosa ea leboha le khabisitsoeng le linale ntle putsoa-tala, spikelets bofubelu bo khanyang le e motona le showy bo bofubelu-pherese utloe.

tšoeu phaene

motle haholo le molelele phaene.

Mefuta e sa tsoaneng le mefuta e meng ea conifers North American ke ea bohlokoa haholo moruong. Tšoeu Pine fapane masesaane, bonolo 'me e telele linale type genus-tala mmala. Dikhouno na le kobehileng o molelele o sebopeho. Babatsehang mamella frosts haholo, empa undemanding kaofela ha a loketse bakeng sa kaloleswa ya toropo.

Mountain phaene Weymouth

Mefuta e meng e tsebahalang ea lifate phaene hōle ka Crimea, ka mohlala lithaba Weymouth. Ho e ntle North American mefuta e, e leng fapane le ea pejana shortened linale type genus-tala le palo e khōlō ea dikhouno kobehileng. Ba holileng tsebong lifate - ka 30 limithara tse, moqhaka e moqotetsane, bath Rusty pubescence ka letlobo mocha. Ena mocheso o lerato sefate, le hoja komello tlisa ka thata. E e ntse e hōla haholo-holo libakeng tse le lithaba tse sireletswa ho meea leoatle.

Pine Pallas (Crimean phaene)

mofuta o mong ho atile ka Crimea hloahloa. Pine Pallas - sefate molelele, hoo e ka 20 limithara tse. Makhapetla e bo bofubelu-ntšo, ee nang le marontho le crevasses. Crohn le letšo-letšo, ho fetola sebopeho sa lehe ho umbellate. Fapaneng tsekaletse otlolohileng makala le lipheletsong reteleha-up le dikhouno kgolo. Crimean phaene khanya-hlokang, undemanding ho mobu, ho le bonolo ho a mamella ho hloka mongobo. Ho na le e boetse e le ntseng le hōla ka Caucasus, Kreta, Linaheng Tsa Balkan, Asia Minor.

Armand phaene

Sechaena le khabisitsoeng le ponahalo ea ka e khethollang nako e telele, linalete tse tšesaane, dipeo oli jeoang. E e ntse e hōla feela libakeng tse futhumetseng ka boroa.

phaene Banks

Fapaneng dikamahano sebopeho, imported ho tloha North America. Khanya linale tala lekaneng khutšoanyane 'me sothile, dikhouno kobehileng. E e ntse e hōla ho limithara tse 25 le bophahamo. Frost manganga, a ikokobelitse ponahalo ea loketse bakeng sa mobu le teng. E hōlileng ka feela lirapeng botaniki.

Pinus Heldreichii

mefuta ena e tloaelehile Linaheng Tsa Balkan 'me karolong e ka boroa Italy. Tšoauoa ka e hlollang linale telele lerootho 'mala o motala. Joaloka mefuta e meng e mengata ea phaene, lifoto tsa tse fanoa ka lintho tse bonahalang tse, a ikokobelitse haholo, ho feta moo, ho bonolo ho mamella maemo a litoropo. Bofokoli - shoeng lekane bakeng sa sehlopha sa 'mino bohareng, kahoo o phethahetseng bakeng sa libaka tse ka boroa.

phaene lithaba

motle haholo le lithaba phaene. Mefuta phaena hasaneng ho pholletsa le Northern Lefatše. mefuta ena e ntse e hōla ka lithabeng tsa Central le Southern Europe. Ke kgolo se makala sefateng kapa otlolla Elfin. Tsa thahasella ka ho khetheha ho moralo landschap na le mefuta e fapaneng ya lifate diseke ee nyenyane, eo bopa sebopeho ntle ka mabōpong a matangoana, lirapa tse majoe, joalo-joalo The bophahamo palo e kahodimodimo -. Limithara tse 10, 'me bonyane - 40 di emetse disentimitara.

Pinus densiflora

E mong oa mefuta e sa shoeng ba hōlileng ka ho e bohareng Russia - ho thoeng Japanese khubelu phaene. Boemo ka sehloohong bakeng sa khōlo tsa eona tse ntle - sa nako e telele haholo leqhoa a tsa mobu. linale ba nako e telele le overcrowding qetellong ea makala a, ha dusting sefate exudes monko o monate. Ha e amohela maemo a ba motse, ho hōla ka mobu e fokolang ya lehlabathe.

Melkotsvetkovaya phaene kapa phaene tšoeu

mefuta e Japanese tsa phaena mekhabiso hlahiswa melkotsvetkovoy (tšoeu) phaene, eo a lebitso la eona la bobeli la showy lihlopha tšoeu kapa type genus ka linalete, ho bitsoa ka lebaka la ho sotha. Nezimostoyka ka bohareng Russia tswela pele ka botlalo feela dwarf tse fapa-fapaneng e ntse e hōla. Ho tloha sefate rata mofuthu le leseli tse ntle, boemo ba leholimo loketseng mo phethahetseng bakeng sa Black Sea lebōpong le.

Ponderosa

A talimela mabothobotho le se moqotetsane, pyramidal, openwork moqhaka tsa tlhaho e ntse e hōla Amerika Leboea. Ho na le linale telele le e ntle teteaneng karolong e ka holimo. Ho tsoelang pele e phela ka libaka ka boroa le libakeng tse bohareng tsa Russia, empa e tsitsipanyang ka mariha a batang haholo. Bophahamo ba sefate fihla limithara tse 10. Khetha sireletswa ho moea, kahoo, ho e molemo ka ho fetisisa a lema ka lihlopha. Ponderosa hase habonolo ho kotsi hlokomela tikoloho ea litoropo.

Pinus cembra

mefuta e Europe la kedare phaene tšoanang le ea Siberia "motsoala." phapang e boholo bo sa nyenyane, ho feta le letso-letso ho jala moqhaka le telele linalete tse tšesaane. Ho phaella moo, mapheong le dipeo sefate ha e le e khōlō. E e ntse e hōla butle ho feta, empa o phela nako e teletsana. E tla sheba phethahetseng lema le 'ngoe' me sehlopha sa batho ba lirapa.

Korean kedare phaene

A sa tloaelehang mefuta mekhabiso, ho hōla ka Bochabela bo Hōle, Asia Bochabela, Korea le Japane. Botle ke sefate phaene ka bapisoang le Siberia Lejoe phaene, le hoja moqhaka ka "Makorea" tlase le letšo-letšo, downy linale bohlooho-tala le dikhouno le khabisitsoeng le. Dipeo, makotomane le tsona tse jeoang. Frost bohareng sehlopha Russia setso jarelang batlang e le ntho e tloaelehileng, e ntse e hōla lifate tswela pele ka botlalo, empa e hlaha e ka finyella ba bolelele ba limithara tse 40-50.

Montezuma phaene

Mong'a ka linale telele haholo, ka maemo a tsa tlhaho a fumanoa karolong e ka bophirimela ea Amerika Leboea le Guatemala.

sefate e ntse e hōla limithara tse ho fihlela ho 30 phahameng le o na le e sprawling globular moqhaka. Huge dikhouno tapered ka fihla bolelele ba cm, 25. Khetha mofuthu le mongobo, kahoo o babatsehang ka ho nka motso Crimean. Ho ke ke ha ho ya lefu le tshusumetso ya tse senyang lijalo.

bristlecone phaene

Mefuta e mengata mekhabiso tsa phaene, ho akarelletsa le bristlecone phethahetseng hola 'me litholoana tsa bere e bohareng Russia. Sena North American mefuta e sa tloaelehang haholo le e emela ka sefate nyenyane kapa shrub le makala a tsosoa, eo theha e fluffy jala moqhaka. linalete ha ba e tenya, le dikhouno - meutloa e telele. Ikokobelitse 'me mariha-sebete ba mefuta e sa tsoaneng ho tsohle.

Pinus Peuce

Movement Balkan phaene o tlaase pyramidal moqhaka, linale le letšo-letšo-tala tsa bolelele ba emetse disentimitara 5-10 le dikhouno cylindrical fanyehoa maoto. Young letlobo glabrous. Makhapetla sootho, lera. Pinus Peuce o hōla ka potlako 'me ha e na ditlhoko khethehileng bakeng sa mabone le mobu. Le sebelisitsoe ka mokhabiso oa lirapeng tsa boikhathollo.

Pinus contorta (shirokohvoynaya)

Ho o hōla Amerika Leboea e loketseng ho tse ntle nakong ea mariha hardiness le hlahileng bohareng Russia. Culture fetela le tse fetang libakeng tse kholo hammoho le Lebōpo la Pacific. lebitso la o fuoa bakeng sa para sothile linale. Kapa lihlahla e ka ba phahameng (limithara tse ho fihlela ho 50) sefate, le makala a ka tlaase ea tse lea ka la boleloa, 'me e ka holimo kapa ho jala, kapa o ile a laela ho ya hodimo. Culture e ntse e hōla butle ka ho lekaneng, empa ho ke ke a ikokobelitse ho maemo a bophelo, eseng feela ka tlhaho, empa esita le motseng oo.

Pinus thunbergii

Rare khabisitsoeng talimela tsoang Japane, e leng e boetse e bitsoa ba batsho phaene. Ba sehlekehleke sena ka sehloohong - meru phahameng lithaba, ka 1000 limithara tse ka holimo ho bophahamo ba leoatle. Ena sefate lulang se le setala e ntse e hōla ho fihlela ho limithara tse 40 le bophahamo. Crohn hangata kamehla ka sebopeho, leseli le 'mala o motala, ka nako e telele linale thata (8-14 cm, x, 2 limilimithara). Makhapetla e ntšo, 'me letlobo mocha ke lamunu ebile u hlobotse. Pinecones Pinus thunbergii hoo e ka bang dipeo a bataletse 'me o moputsoa le mapheo. Thermophilic le mongobo-lerato setso, eo ka eona naheng ea habo rōna e hōla hantle ka ho Sochi.

Pinus wallichiana (Wallich kapa Valliha)

Luxury dlinnohvoynaya phaene tsoa Himalaya 'me lithaba li Tibetan. Ho hōla ka potlako, sa hantle ho mamella serame, mongobo-lerato. Sebaka o phethahetseng bakeng sa setso re na - the Crimea, moo ho ditholwana haholo. Sefate tsa tlhaho fihla ba bolelele ba limithara tse 30-50. Beautiful linale 18-disentimitara bohlooho-tala leketlileng. Le khabisitsoeng le bosehla utloe e le nako e telele - ka 32 di emetse disentimitara. View lengoa landschap bakeng plantings sehlopha.

phaene o motsho

Mefuta e mengata mekhabiso ya phaene li hōla dimela, ho akarelletsa le ba batsho phaene, o ile a re ho tloha libakeng tse lithaba tsa Europe Bohareng. bakang Sena ke manganga haholo ho maemo a litoropo. Lebitso fuoa e lefifi haholo makhapetla le lefifi-tala linale hōla haholo. Sena se etsa hore sebaka seo moriti ho fapana ho phaene scots. Russia, e loketseng haholoanyane bakeng sa steppe karolo ea North Caucasus, le hoja undersized diforomo le khabisitsoeng le ka hlapolotsoeng le leboea.

ke dikhouno tsa phaene eng?

mefuta e fapaneng ya dikhouno phaene di khetholloa ka sebopeho bona, boholo le 'mala. Empa kaofela ha bona qalong ea bophelo ba bonolo, bosehla bo botala, 'me ha ba ntse ba hōlileng ka ho feletseng Woody le phetoho' mala ho tloha lefifi tala ho sootho.

The boholo kholo ka ho fetisisa ke American phaene dikhouno Lambert - 50 di emetse disentimitara telele, Coulter - ho fihlela ho disentimetara 40, le hum kalse mohbat ka Cilician hore hōle ka 30 disentimetara e telele. The dikhouno nyenyane ka ho fetisisa batlang e eketsa ho fihlela ho 3 disentimetara, Lyell na larch le Douglas-Japanese.

Ka kakaretso, ho ea mofuta ofe lifate phaene na le ntshetsopeleng ka potlako 'me ho hōla. Ntle le mabaka a le mefuta e ba nang le ho pholoha ka maemo a thata a klimate: phahameng lithabeng, ka mekhoabong, ka stingy Stony fatše ka Leboea. Maemong ana, mpefala ka lifate tse matla tswela pele ka botlalo le ho mefuta e sa tsoaneng dwarf. Leha ho le joalo, ba ile ba ba le thahasello e khōlō ea mokhabiso oa plantings landschap.