Lesedi liphatsa tsa lefutso: recessive le oona 'muso o liphatsa tsa lefutso

Ke seo phatsa ea lefutso?

Gene - e hlalosoa tatelano ea nucleotides dezoksiribonuklinovoy asiti eo khouthollotsweng liphatsa tsa lefutso lesedi (lesedi mabapi le sebopeho e ka sehloohong ea protheine limolek'hule). DNA molek'hule - habeli tsielehile. E mong le e ba tlamiloe ka liketane o na le itseng nucleotide tatelano. Le ka sehloohong sebōpeho sa protheine le, e leng palo le tatelano ea-amino acid, o phetha karolo ea makhaola-khang ka mekhoa lefa. Ho encode lesedi hantle 'me kamehla bala, phatsa ea lefutso lokela na le qalo codon, qetello codon le lemoha codons kotloloho encode ho lakatsa amino acid e latellana joang. Codons etsa nucleotides tse tharo tse latellanang tse encode ho khetheha e amino acid e. Codons UAA, UAG, UGA ke na letho le se ke la etsa khoutu efe kapa efe ya tse teng amino acid, ha ho bala tshebetso boikatiso e khaotsa. The codons setseng (ka chelete ea likotoana 61) encode-amino acid.

Abelwang karolo ya ea liphatsa tsa lefutso e ka sehloohong le recessive. 'Muso o hlaheletseng lethal gene - le tatelano ea nucleotides eo e fana ka pontšo ea tšobotsi e itseng (ho sa tsotellehe hore mofuta ofe liphatsa tsa lefutso e ka ba babeli ba tšoanang (bua recessive kapa' muso o hlaheletseng lethal gene)). Phatsa ea lefutso recessive ke nucleotide tatelano, oo ka oona le pontšo ea ho phenotype tšobotsi e khoneha feela ka ho ba teng ha para ea tshwana recessive phatsa ea lefutso.

tlhahisoleseding e jwalo tla feela liphatsa tsa lefutso ya data e ka fetisoa ho tloha molokong ho isa molokong. Leha ho le joalo, feela motsoako oa variants phatsa ea lefutso e itšetlehile pontšo ea tšobotsi ka. Ha para ke recessive le 'muso o hlaheletseng lethal gene, ho tla hlaha thepa phenotypically khouthollotsweng ka sehloohong. Le feela ho bontša boitsebiso ba ka tabeng ea motsoako oa liphatsa tsa lefutso tse peli recessive. Ke hore, phatsa ea lefutso e ka sehloohong patelang batho recessive.

Moo ho na le liphatsa tsa lefutso?

Information hore re ka tloha le liphatsa tsa lefutso tsoa baholo-holo ba rōna. Tsena li akarelletsa batsoali ba seng feela empa hape batsoali le beng ka mali. sete phatsa ea lefutso motho Ho thehoa ka mateano peō ea botona le lehe, kapa ho ena - ha kopanngwe X le Y chromosomes kapa tse peli X chromosomes. From ntate le ka tlisa lesedi ho bobeli X le Y chromosome, ha ho 'mè oa hae - feela X chromosome.

E o tsejoa hore X chromosome e na le boitsebiso bo eketsehileng e le basali ba feta manganga ho mafu a ea tlhaho e fapaneng ho feta palo ea baahi ba e motona. Ka khopolo, palo ea bashanyana ba sa tsoa tsoaloa le banana lokela ho lekana, empa ka liketso, bashemane ba tsoaloang. Ka lebaka leo, ka lebaka la lintlha tsena tse peli, ho na le ho leka-lekanya ea sexes tse peli. Phahame tsoalo ea baahi e motona e lefisa ho hanyetsa a godimo ho litšusumetso tse sa tšoaneng, bath tsa basali.

fetola liphatsa tsa lefutso

Hona joale re khanna lithuto tsa ba e pharaletseng ea lintho tse bonahalang tse liphatsa tsa lefutso. Mekhoa ea ho itšehla thajana, 'me cloning la liphatsa tsa lefutso ka bomong hybridization. Sena ke - le bohato ba bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ha a bōpa bokamoso. Joalo hloko taba ena e halefile a mangata khopolo-taba le litebello. Ka mor'a ho ithuta ka tsela e qaqileng e ka thusang batho hore ba rera ho thepa le litšobotsi tsa moloko o latelang, ho qoba mafu a tse ngata le ho hōla makala le litsamaiso tsa bona bakeng sa transplantation.