K'habone anhydrase inhibitors: mochine ea nkang khato ea leihlo la marotholi bakeng sa glaucoma

K'habone anhydrase inhibitors ke diuretics, tse sa sebelisoa e le diuretics kapa mochegonki. Le bontšang bakeng sa lithethefatsi tsena li ka ke glaucoma. A re hlahlobeng ka ho qaqileng haholoanyane ba ratoang ka ho fetisisa.

Acetazolamide (Acetazolamide)

Ho na le thepa diuretic. Khaotsa k'habone anhydrase renal proximal tubules fokotsa reabsorption ea K, Na le metsi (diuresis bakang keketseho e le), ho isa ho ea fokotseha ka BCC le tshilong ya dijo ka acidosis. K'habone anhydrase depresses le ciliary 'mele le ho e isa ho theola la khatello intraocular,' me hape ho fokotsa secretion ea metlae ea metsi e bokong e etsa hore mosebetsi antiepileptic. E na absorption molemo tse tsoang ka pampitšana gastrointestinal, Cmax maling ka lihora tse peli. E le hantle e ka ba teng ka ho fihlela ho lihora tse 12. 40-60% lowers IOP le ho fokotsa tlhahiso ea mokelikeli intraocular.

Ho bonahala & litekanyetso li behoa

The ho bonahala ka sehloohong: ocular kgatelelo ya madi, glaucoma. Ka glaucoma, ka hare ho nka ka 0.125-0.25 g, makhetlo a 1-3 ka letsatsi, letsatsi le letsatsi bakeng sa matsatsi a 5, ka mor'a moo o lokela ho ea matsatsi a mabeli khefu.

Ditlamorao tsa: ho nyekeloa ke pelo, ho lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo, letšollo, kulisoa, phytoteratology boikutlo ba ama, paraesthesia, tinnitus, ho otsela. All sena se ka mo lakalisa k'habone anhydrase inhibitors. Litokisetso boetse ho na le contraindications. Sena nahanela ka tsela e feteletseng (ho sulfonamides ho akarelletsa le), lefu Addison e, ho lemalla ho acidosis, lefu a hlobaetsang le sebete le mafu a liphio, ho ima, lefu la tsoekere mellitus, uremia.

Tšebeliso lithibelo: embolism methapo, emphysema methapo (mohlomong eketseha acidosis).

Lithethefatsi: Tablets hlahisoa Poland Polpharma "Diakarb" ho 0.5 g,

Dorzolamide (dorzolamide)

Thibela k'habone anhydrase isoenzyme II Ketsahalo (Phatlalatsang reversible hydration itsoara joang ka tsa carbon dioxide le k'habone acid e dehydration) leihlo ciliary mele. Secretion intraocular mongobo e fokotsehile ka 50%, liehisa sebopeho sa ions bicarbonate, le mokhoa o sa fellang ho fokotsa ho tsamaisa metsi le sodium. Fokotswa ke 38% ea tlhahiso ea mokelikeli intraocular hore ha e ame ho outflow. E kenella ka hare ho ka leihlo le bogolosegolo ka leoto, cornea kapa sclera. Mokhoa o sa fellang ananelang ka systemic vascular bethe ea Leihlo mucosal (ho ka etsahala hore etsahala diuretic le litla tse ling sulfonamides tloaelehileng). Ka mor'a ntho e kena maling, ka potlako le kenella ka hare ka lisele tse khubelu tsa mali, e leng ho ba le e ngata ea k'habone anhydrase II. Dorzolamide 33% tlamelletsoe ho liprotheine lero la mali. The lebetsoeng le hypotensive e le hantle o bontša ka mor'a instillation ka hora 2 le mabenkele e lihora tse 12. Ha backfilling ho makhetlo a 2 ka 9-21% ka letsatsi decreases intraocular khatello ea ha kentseng ka makhetlo a 3 ka letsatsi - ho 14-24%. Phokotso la khatello intraocular ke sebelisa 2% tharollo ka ho etsa palo e kahodimodimo 4,5-6,1 limilimithara Hg. A tharollo ya 3% ka ba sa sebetsa hobane e tla ka potlako hlatsoa tsoa cavity conjunctival ha e ntse e etsa hore matla a rusolle. Hammoho le ho khethoa timolol e na le tlatsetso phatlalatsoe e le hantle, ho tloha 13 ho ea ho 21%. Fokolang haholo ama khatello ea mali le ho otla ha pelo na le k'habone anhydrase inhibitors. Diuretics sehlopha sena e sa sebelisoa bakeng sa morero oa eona o ne a rerile. Ena hamorao.

Ho bonahala & litekanyetso li behoa

Ho bonahala: mathomo le se mahareng bulehileng-angle glaucoma, ocular kgatelelo ya madi. Lithethefatsi e bontšoa ke '1 lerotholi makhetlo a 2-3 ka letsatsi.

Le litla-morao: paresthesia, boima ba 'mele, ho tetebela maikutlo, rashes letlalo, aplasticheskayaanemiya, agranulocytosis, mokhathala, hlooho e opang, chefo epidermal necrolysis, ho baba tatso ka molomo, ho nyekoa ke pelo, ho eketseha ha ho botenya ba cornea e, iridocyclitis, blepharitis, keratitis, conjunctivitis, photophobia, thothofatsang pono, ho hlohlona le tingling boikutlo ka mahlong, boemong bo sa thabiseng, Stevens - Johnson lefu, tukang, mahlo a metsi.

The k'habone anhydrase sesitisa (marotholi a mahlo) o na le contraindications latelang: nahanela ka tsela e feteletseng (ho sulfonamides ho akarelletsa le), bongoaneng, lefu a hlobaetsang le sebete le mafu a liphio, ho ima le kanyeso.

Ho lokisetsa: eyedrops "Trusopt" e nang le 1 di ml 20 mg, dorzolamide hydrochloride tharollo. vials - 5 di ml. E ya hlahiswa ho Netherlands ke Merck Sharp & Dohme.

K'habone anhydrase inhibitors: Brinzolamide (brinzolamide)

Tlhamosea blocker tsa anhydrase k'habone le matla a ha e sebelisoa ka lihlooho ho phokotso bohlokoa le taolo IOP. Brinzolamide nang le tsona e phahameng selectivity tsa k'habone anhydrase II, le loketse ho fetisisa thepa ea 'meleng ho ka katleho phunyeletse ka leihlo. Ha ho bapisoa le dorzolamide le atsetozolamidom e ile ea fumana hore brinzolamide - ka ho fetisisa matla ntho sehlopha sa inhibitors k'habone anhydrase. Ho na le ke bopaki ba hore lihlooho tsa puisano kapa intravenous tsamaiso ea brinzolamide isang e ntlafatso ya tiske optic. Le ho fokotsa ka ho karolelano ea 20% IOP. Ho ha se sebetse ka k'habone anhydrase inhibitors tsohle. The mochine oa bohato buka e ikhethang ho tloha brinzolamide.

Ho bonahala le litekanyetso li behoa

Ho bonahala: ocular kgatelelo ya madi, bulehileng-angle glaucoma. Sebelisa makhetlo a 2 ka letsatsi, ka lerotholi.

Le litla-morao: tatso sotha, boikutlo 'mele e' ngoe, thothofatsang Pono holim 'instillation (nako) le boikutlo bo tukang. Isoa sebakeng sa heno e molemo ho feta dorzolamide.

Contraindications: feteletseng nahanela ho ea lithethefatsi e (ho sulfonamides ho akarelletsa le), bana lilemo, ho ima le kanyeso.

Ho lokisetsa: eyedrops "Azopt" e nang le 1 di ml ka ho fanyeha la 10 mg, brinzolamide. vials bokgoni ba 5 di ml. Hatisa ka USA ke Alcon.

Ke eng hape e ke k'habone anhydrase inhibitors?

derivatives prostaglandin

Latanoprost (latanoprost) - prostaglandin receptor khetha agonist. Eketsa outflow ea mokelikeli intraocular ka uvea, e leng e isa e theola khatello intraocular. Ama tlhahiso ea metlae ea metsi e ke ke ea thusa. Ka fetola boholo ba lithaka, empa hanyenyane feela. Ha backfilling phunyelletsa ka mokgwa wa isopropyl phenylate ka cornea le na hydrolyzed ho profinseng ea acid e sa biologically mafolofolo, e leng e ka hlalosoa ka lekhetlo la pele lihora tse 4 ka mokelikeli intraocular le ka lero la mali ka hora ea pele. 0,16l / lik'hilograma - bophahamo ba modumo oa ho aba. lihora tse peli ka mor'a hore phaella moo fihlellwa ea mahloriso phahameng ka ho fetisisa le metlae ea metsi, ka mor'a moo e abeloa e le qalo ea karolo e ka pele, i.e. le dintshi le conjunctiva, 'me joale kena karolo kamorao (tse nyenyane). Foromo mafolofolo lisele tsa leihlo e hoo e batlang e ha metabolized, haholo-holo ka biotransformation sebete. Advantageously, metabolites ba excreted ka moroto wa. A re ke re sheba tse ling tsa k'habone inhibitors anhydrase.

Unoprostone (unoprostone)

Isopropyl unoprostone ke sehlahisoa sa docosanoid potlako fokotsa khatello ea intraocular (IOP) sebedisa moraorao pharmacologic mochine. Ntle le ho fetola nako e fana ka tlhahiso ea mokelikeli intraocular, ntsetso-peleng outflow lona. Liphuputso li bontšitse hore, ha e bapisoa le 0.5% timolol maleato, isopropyl unoprostone na mosebetsi tse tšoanang kapa esita le molemo ho fokotsa IOP. Lithethefatsi ha ho ame tsa bodulo le ha a bake phokotso ea phallo ea mali ka lisele tse ocular, miosis kapa mydriasis; corneal nchafatso lieha hape se lemoha. Mora ea lihlooho tsa puisano sa fetohe isotropy unoprostone ne ke sa lemoha ka lero la mali.

k'habone inhibitors anhydrase bakeng glaucoma lokela ho bewa feela ke ngaka, ba ikhopolang ho meriana e sa lumelloa.