Ke lebatowa lisele tsa mmele nodes eng?

Probably ha ho motho tla ba pheha khang ea hore batho ba bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ke tse peli tse ya kokangana tsamaiso ea - le mali le lisele tsa mmele. Mabapi le tsamaiso ea tsohle ho potoloha ha mali e hlakile: ho phethahatsa lipalangoang tsa oksijene le carbon dioxide, limatlafatsi le metabolism lihlahisoa khumo ho tloha liphio, letlalo, matšoafo le litho tse ling tse, empa hape le ka thermoregulation mofuthu-sehloho, .. Kahoo, ho feteletsa ea bohlokoa ka bophelo ba phelang ke ke ha khoneha, empa ha e seng tsa bohlokoa, le tsamaiso lymphatic. Lisele tsa mmele - mokelikeli karolo ea mali, 'me tsamaiso ena e reretsoe ho lisele tsa mmele drainage, boloka homeostasis, boele u lymphocytes mali le ho kenya letsoho ha maloetseng humoral le lisele. tsamaiso e khopo Lymphatic na le nodes lisele tsa mmele le lijana, tse hlophisitsoe ka nodes lebatowa lisele tsa mmele.

Tsamaiso lymphatic

The sete kaofela mehaho ea tsamaiso bo emela se makala marangrang a methapo ea (methapong, likutu, ducts), eo ho eona ho na le tse ngata tse litiiso - lebatowa kapa lebatowa nodes. Ka tsamaiso ea mokelikeli ajoa 'meleng, tsamaiso lymphatic ke le boikarabelo ba ho khaotsa ho tsuba ba likaroloana metsi insoluble, colloidal le emisitswe tharollo ea lisele. Ka lymphonodes lebatowa accumulations tsa lymphocytes timetsa kotsi dintho phethahatsa boitshireletso (sireletsang) mosebetsi.

Lisele tsa mmele nodes ka tsamaiso ea

Lisele tsa mmele nodes - ena sebopeho anatomic ya mmala pinki, bonolo le rekere nakong palpation. Ka tloaelo ho, a liphio e bōpehileng joaloka, bolelele ba millimeters 0.5 ho 50. Lisele tsa mmele nodes ba sebakeng se seng kapa ka lihlopha, 'me ke tsa bohlokoa anatomical likarolo tsa' mele. Di tšoauoa ka khethollo ea motho ka mong, empa ka lilemo boahelani nodes ka kopane. Nodes tse pele tseleng ea lijana tsa lymphatic tsamaiso, ba jereng lisele tsa mmele ho tloha lefapha ho khetheha kapa mokhatlo o fanang ka (sebakeng), o ile a re lebatowa, kapa lebatowa nodes lisele tsa mmele.

Lisele tsa mmele nodes motho

palo ea joalo "filter" 'meleng le batho ka bomong, empa karolelano bona ho tloha 400 ho 1000. Ho utloisisa moo lebatowa lisele tsa mmele nodes, e tla thusa sekemeng latelang.

Lisele tsa mmele nodes ho pholletsa le bophelo ba motho rearranged, ho fetola sebopeho bona le sebopeho. Ka lilemo, palo ea tsona e fokotsehile ka makhetlo a 1.5-2, ba ka di ne tsa kopanngwa kapa nkeloa sebaka ke connective le mafura dinama tse nyenyane tse. Nodes ba impassable tsa lisele tsa mmele le felloa ke matla. Ka lebaka leo, ho fokotswa boemo ba ka karabelo boitshireletso le ho hanyetsa kakaretso ho tšoaetsoa mafu.

mesebetsi ya nodes lisele tsa mmele

Ho phaella ho filtara e, le karolo ea tsamaiso ea lymphatic etsa mesebetsi e latelang:

• e tobileng sebopeho sa likarabo boitshireletso (tlhahiso ea T-lymphocytes le phagocytes);
• ea metsi ho lula homeostasis;
• drainage tsa mokelikeli interstitial;
• seabo metabolism ea bohlokoa ea lihaha-'mele, mafura, lik'habohaedreite.

Types of nodes lebatowa lisele tsa mmele

Lihlopha tsa nodes lisele tsa mmele di lokisetsa e le hore thibela tsela ea tshwaetso. Khetholla lihlopha tse latelang tsa nodes lebatowa lisele tsa mmele:

• mediastinal (thoracic);
• bronhopulmonologicheskie;
• litsoeng le popliteal;
• spleen;
• paraortalnye;
• bryzzheykovye.
• iliac;
• inguinal le femoral.

Keketseho ea nodes lebatowa lisele tsa mmele e bontsha gore go le mathata ka hore sebakeng seo "Services" unit trust, e leng sesupo ka phumano ya maloetse.

Sebopeho sa noute lisele tsa mmele

Anatomically, mohaho o na le mohaho o lobed. E mong le e noute e koahetsoe ke dinama tse nyenyane tse connective komiki. Boko (Link) le cortical (hare) lintho tse bonahalang le arohaneng trabeculae kapa maballo a tšekaletseng.

The medulla na follicles, eo ho eona B lymphocytes feta nonofo ya mmele le khethollo ea ba antigen. The cortex na le boholo ba T-lymphocytes hore mona, hape, butsoa 'me ba le farologantswng la. Lisele tsa mmele nodes generated ka karabelo angoa ke antigens tsoang linaheng tse ling, e leng ho tlisa ka sinusoidal ducts lisele tsa mmele. The ducts macrophage lisele tse holim-a tlotsitsoeng, e leng bothata bo - ho timetsoa ha lintho ka bojaki.

Le libakeng tseo monyako lymphatic sejana na le maikutlo - liheke. Sine capsules - slits khethehileng pakeng tsa komiki le crossbeams - lisele tsa mmele kena komiki cortex le medulla, ha ba kena-portal le ka sinus outputting sejana. Ha feta mohaho noute e tlhotliloeng lisele tsa mmele.

Types of nodes lisele tsa mmele

Conventionally, ho na le mefuta e meraro ea mehaho e ya data:

• itsoara joang ka potlako eo ka eona sebakeng seo cortex nyenyane ho feta boko. Tlala ka potlako haholo.
• Diseke ee sebopeho kapa ka karabelo lieha - the cortex fetang kgolofalo ya.
• Lipakeng - bobeli dintho (cortex le boko) tse hlahisoang ka tsela e lekanang.

The predominance motho oa mofuta o itseng oa nodes lebatowa lisele tsa mmele ho batho itšetlehile haholo ka ho atleha ha kalafo ke kankere.

Senya sebopeho sa

Ka bophelo bo botle phelang, ea lisele tsa mmele nodes ha bohloko le hoo e ka bang palpable. Ha lebatowa lisele tsa mmele nodes ba atolositsoeng, ho ke ke e bontsha gore go ya boemong bo bobe ba sebakeng seo sebopeho sena le bolela. Eketsa ka boholo le borutho ka sebaka sa site ena ba ka bontša ho ba teng ha tšoaetso ea bongata ba kokwanahloko (herpes, maselese, rubella) kapa ya mafu connective dinama tse nyenyane tse (ramatiki, rheumatism). Tebileng lethopa tsa nodes lebatowa lisele tsa mmele di hlokomela ka lymphedema, lifangiome, lymphosarcoma, lymphadenitis, lefuba, HIV, 'me ka ho ba sethaleng hamorao ea diso le kankere ea makala e sa tšoaneng. Ka letšoao la pele ho amehoang ka tsona, ba lokela ho batla keletso ea bongaka. Bakeng sa fumanoe la puso ea ho etsa lipatlisiso nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa kajeno ke US lebatowa lisele tsa mmele nodes.

Ha ho batla keletso tsa bongaka

Keketseho ea unit trust - ka lebaka la ho bona ngaka (ea matla a, mafu a tšoaetsanoang, Oncology). Empa u se ke ua tšoha - hangata boemo ena e amanang le e lethopa a tšoaetsanoang, haholo ka tlaase ho moo le kankere.

• Ha purulent ruruha ka lisele tsa likokoana-hloko leqeba kena lisele tsa mmele nodes, a etsa hore lymphadenitis - a hlobaetsang a hlabang tshebetso. Haeba u ha ba bula noute festering ka ntshetsa pele cellulitis - e complication tebileng 'me otlile ea noute lisele tsa mmele.
• mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea lefuba kamehla bakela ruruha lisele tsa mmele nodes ( "rerang bobe morena" thoeng) hangata ka ho fetisisa ka sebaka sa molaleng.
• Nodes a ka eketsa nako ya tshwaetso ya Bartonella le ho etsa hore lefu le katse e mengoapo. Bajari ba kokoana-hloko le ke likatse. Keketseho ea diyuniti le batho bao e seng ho folisa maqeba a ba lokela ho hlokomelisa batsoali.
• hangata ha ho, lisele tsa mmele nodes eketsa le SARS ka lebaka la ntoa ea 'mele ea le hlaselang vaerase eo. Ka diyuniti hlaphoheloa 'me ba khutle ho tloaelehileng.
• Sebakeng inguinal keketseho e nodes hangata bo amahanngoa le mafu a tšoaetsanoang ka ho kopanela liphate (mokaola).

Ho phaella ho tataiso ea tsa ultrasound e, ngaka e ka 'na eaba ho ba le mamello ho e feletseng count ya mali, immunogram, liteko HIV le lebatowa lisele tsa mmele noute puncture sebakeng se amehileng.

Seo se tla US

Ka nako e loketseng le boleng tsa phuputso e entsoeng qeto kalafo atleha ka litsela tse ngata le ka boloka e seng feela bophelo bo botle, empa hape bophelo ba mokuli. Liphuputso li bontša liphetoho tse noute dinama tse nyenyane tse sebopeho, mafu a ho potoloha ha mali, diso diriswa, dinama tse nyenyane tse molumo segokanyipalo. Ka ho ithuta ho ba elwa hloko le tse amanang le matšoao: chills, opa 'mele, lefu la ho hlobaela, ho lahleheloa ke takatso ea lijo, ho tšoaroa ke hlooho. Ho nepahala ha diphetho tsa ultrasound tsa phuputso e entsoeng ke haholo phahameng. Liphoso ka litlhaloso ka 'na ba ka lebaka la ho ba teng ha e abscess kapa cyst sebakeng sa thuto. Boemong bo joalo, a khethe ho hlahloba eketsehileng: litšoantšo kapa biopsy. Ultrasound maemong hlahloba ka nodes lisele tsa mmele ha e na contraindications, ha irradiate le ha e kotsi ho bophelo bo botle.

Regional lisele tsa mmele nodes ea letsoele

Tsamaiso lymphatic tsa sefuba li emela mafapha ka hare ho 'mele' me ka ntle ho eona. Tsamaiso ea ka hare e emeloang ke dinama tse nyenyane tse mafura, methapong le e loketseng letsoele parenchyma. The lebatowa lisele tsa mmele nodes ba letsoele axillary, subclavian le parasternal lisele tsa mmele nodes. Eketseha axillary nodes le ho se bona ba bonolo - ho feta tšosang letšoao ho feta ho ba teng ha edema le e bohloko ho palpation. Bohloko ho ruruha ka nodes le bontša qala ho ea metastasis ba lihlahala tse kotsi.

lisele tsa mmele Regional nodes thyroid

The libaka lebatowa tsoele thyroid nodes ka molaleng 'me ba hore li teng ka mor'a breastbone ena. Ho ruruha ho qala ka ho eketseha noute ho ruruha le borutho ho palpation. Tabeng ena, kotsi ea tšoaetso kapa metastasis kankere e kotsi planar bokong.

Ho ata ha lihlahala bakeng sa kankere

lisele tse bakeng sa kankere jala 'meleng ka litsela tse latelang:

• hematogenous tseleng (methapo ea mali);
• lymphogenous tseleng (ka lijaneng lymphatic, lisele tsa mmele nodes ka);
• tsoakiloeng tsela.

Lisele tsa mmele nodes ka molaleng - the mokoallo ka sehloohong ho tšoaetsoa mafu le lihlahala tsa hlooho; nodes hotel kaya sireletsa matsoele, matsoho, le di-blades ka mahetla. Ho ruruha ya nodes inguinal 'na a bontša ho ruruha ea mae a bomme, mokaola, le coleitis colitis, appendicitis le ramatiki. Ha ho ruruha ka molomo cavity le molomo kankere, mohlahare kapa puo ea eketsa submandibular lisele tsa mmele nodes. Bakeng sa kankere lihlahala ka mpeng lisele tsa mmele metastases noute fa mesifa sternocleidomastoid.

Kankere le lisele tsa mmele

Hore keketseho e ka lijaneng lebatowa lisele tsa mmele ka ahlola mekhahlelo ea pele ea malignancies. Le lefatseng la tsa Oncology ka ba shoang kajeno, ea bobeli feela ho pathologies pelo le methapo. Mokhatlo oa Lefatše oa Bophelo esale ho eketseha ha makhetlo a 2 ho ea batho ba shoang, ho tloha pathologies bolaeang ka lilemo tse latelang tse mashome a mabeli. Mona ke lintlha tse seng kae hore ho bua bakeng sa bona.

About 25% ya maemong 'ohle ke kankere bakoang ke lefu la sebete B le batho papilloma vaerase eo.

E leng karolo ea boraro ea ho shoa ha batho kankere amahanngoa le mehloli e le motsoako oa kotsi. botenya ena, le tlaase tekanyo ea litholoana le meroho ka ho ja, ho se ikoetlise, tshebediso ya ho noa joala le ho tsuba koae.

Har'a pathologies oncological isang kankere ea matšoafo, ba mo latele: bolaoa ke kankere ka sebete, mala le rectum, mala le kankere ea matsoele.

The litsupa phahameng ka ho fetisisa ea ho shoa ha e motona karolong e bohareng le e ka bochabela Europe, 'me basali ba' na ba bolaoa ke kankere ka bochabela Afrika.

Ho ea ka WHO, selemo le selemo bana ba fetang 200.000 kula le mafu oncological lefatšeng.

Bophelo - mpho ea bohlokoa haholo hore u ke ke ea reka kapa alima. Mong le e mong motho ea batlang ho etsa hore bophelo ba motho ea mafolofolo le lula le itseng boemong ba tsa sechaba, e tlameha ho nka tlhokomelo ya bophelo ba hao. Kajeno ho ba bophelo bo botle - e elegant, ho ka ba joalo ka mokhoa ena. ho ja bophelo bo botle, le bontše khoneha, ho tlohela mekhoa e mebe - tsohle ena e ke ke fumana kula, le ho tšehetsa 'mele oa hao. Leha ho le joalo, ka lipontšo tsa pele le matšoao a tsamaiso lymphatic ke ho hlokahala hore a bale ngaka. ho fihlella ka nako e loketseng, ho hlahloba boleng le phumano nepahetseng - senotlolo sa ho kalafo atlehileng, o kgutlele ho phela hantle 'meleng le ho lelefatsa bophelo.