Ke eng linōka e matleng a hae ho Atlantic beisine ka Russia? Linōka tsa Leoatleng la Atlantic: lenane

Ho araba potso seo linoka ho matleng a beisine ea Leoatleng la Atlantic, u ka thathamisa palo e khōlō ea linōka tsa Europe, Russia le Amerika Leboea. Empa hobane e le lethathamo seholo haholo, re ela hloko feela metsi le melapo e phallang ka naheng ya rona.

Noka beisine ea Leoatleng la Atlantic ka Russia hape, ba bangata haholo, ba fetang 3 dozen. Ho fetisisa o na le tse nyenyane bophahamo ba modumo a tsoelang, 'me har'a linokana tse khōlō ka ho builoeng kang Kuban, Don le Neva. Ho ekelletsa moo a sehloohong sena a re tla hlalosa seo linōka e matleng a hae ho Atlantic beisine ea kholo ka ho fetisisa ka ho Russia, 'me e tla fana ka tlhaloso e qaqileng.

Ea matla noka Don

Haeba u sheba 'mapa oa Eurasia, ho bonolo ho araba potso e reng, e leng o re ho ea nōkeng e beisine ea Leoatleng la Atlantic,' me ka nako e tšoanang ke kholo ka ho fetisisa har'a ba bang kaofela.

Don simoloha sebakeng Tula, naheng ea karolong e ka leboea ea sabaletseng Central Russia Upland. Ka nako e telele o ile a lula le potso e bulehileng ka tšimoloho ea noka ena ea matla. Ba bang ba jeokrafi a lumela hore nōka e simoloha ho Lake Ivan, ba bang ba - ka Novomoskovsk pokello. Hona joale, bafuputsi o ile a tla ho etsa qeto ea hore mohloli oa Don River ke Urvanka, e phallang haufi le Novomoskovsk.

Nōka ea lifapano tšimong ea leshome le metso e libakeng Russia (Kursk, Belgorod, Orel, Tula, Ryazan, Tambov, Penza, Saratov, Volgograd, Lipetsk, Voronezh le Rostov libaka) hammoho le tse tharo Seukraine (Kharkov, Donetsk, Lugansk sebakeng).

litšobotsi tse akaretsang

Nōkeng e ka 1.870 km le, 'me sebaka sa beisine - 420.000 km lisekoere. Don lifapano le steppe le steppe moru ka libaka, 'me mofuta ya e le hantle lona hoo e ka bang tsohle hammoho - butle le ka boomo, haholo tortuous.

waterway ena phallang ka 5.200 linōka tse nyenyane, hammoho le palo e ngata ea melapo. Har'a melatswana tse khōlō ka bitsoa le linōka tse kang la Atlantic beisine ea Seversky Donets, Voronezh, Thekiso le Quick sa phaena, Manych, Aksay, Nepryadva, Bear, Black Kalitva, Beautiful Sword Bityug, Chir, Ilovlya, Osered, Sal le ba bang.

Don psha ka Leoatleng la Azov ka sebaka sa tshebetso sa Kou ea Taganrog. Sea of Azov, le eena, ka ho Leoatle le Letšo le Mediterranean, ka Straits, phallang ka Leoatleng la Atlantic.

Banka le letona Don a phuthilweng, ka bongata, Stony le mobung chalky moepa le precipitous. Ka ho le letšehali banka, ka fapana le hoo, e bataletse 'me mofuta bataletse. Lehlakoreng le letšehali la beisine ho na le palo e khōlō ea matša le libaka tse mongobo. Sikarisa baithuti maikarabelo ka go tlhaolega deciduous, e tsoakiloeng kapa softwood. Ka sebaka sa tshebetso sa steppe - joang bo Meadow.

libakeng tse noka

Don arotswe libakeng tse ka sehloohong tse tharo - ka Holimo, bo Hare e ka Tlaase. Karolong e ka holimo fetela le ho tswa mohloding wa ho molomo Thekiso Pine. Mothating ona ha ho ka potlako ho fetisisa nakong liphororo kopana le whirlpools. ka botebo se senyenyane sa nōka - ho fihlela ho 1.5 limithara, empa ho na le libaka tse tebileng. Ka karolo ena ea Don nakong ea hoetla tse tharo tse khōlō melatswana nepahetseng (Pine, Beautiful Sword Nepryadva) le letšehali e mong (Voronezh).

Karolo e bohareng ea Don o tsoela pele ho fihlela Tsimlyanskoe pokello. Mona, bakeng sa butle, ka botebo, ka karolelano batho ba ka bang 1.5 m. Ka metsi tebileng haholo ho 15 m. Ka setereke ena e oela melatswana tse pedi tse kgolo tokelo (Black Kalitva le Bogucharka) le tse 'nè le letšehali (Bityug, Bear, Hopper, Ilovlya ). E boetse ke vosmidesyatikilometrovy Volga-Don Canal, tsoang ho tse peli tse ka sehloohong Russia linōka.

E leng karolo e ka tlaase ea ka Don a tebileng. Botebo ba whirlpools mona fihla 17 m. Ka mor'a motseng oa Rostov-on-Don makgobokgobo noka qala. Karolong ena, ho e arotsoe ka plurality tsa ducts. Kholo ka ho fetisisa ba bona ba - ya Seversky Donets (lehlakoreng le letona), le Sal, Manych (setseng lehlakoreng). Hang-hang Don psha ka Leoatleng la Azov.

Metsi puso, tlhapi liphoofolo

noka e haholo-holo a fepa ke lehloa. Snow monehelo ke ka mashome a supileng a etsang liphesente 'me ba bang e tšoantšetsoang ke metsi fatše le pula. noka e koahetsoeng ka leqhoa ho tloha qalong ea December ho March / qalo ea April. Ka karolo e setseng ea selemo, e bohareng le e ka tlaase Don likepe (bolelele kakaretso ea karolo likepe e ka 1,6 sekete. Km).

Ichthyofauna Don o tletse haholo. mefuta mona, palo e khōlō li fumanoa kang bream, Rudd, carp, Roach, carp, lerootho, kalaneng, sabrefish, Pike swamp eel, kalaneng, bagre, nkee et al a. Nakong spawning maeto a noka Sturgeon, ha kaho ea pokello Tsimlyanskoe o ile a kopana esita beluga. Industrial tšoasa sieo, le ho tšoasa litlhapi e se e bile boholo ba baahi ba moo.

Kuban

Kuban River motho ea tsoaletsoeng ka confluence tse pedi potlako fallela lithaba melapo - Uskulan le Ullukan. headwaters lona di fepa ke glaciers ea Thaba ea Elbrus. Bolelele palo yohle ya Kuban ke ka 0,87 sekete. Km, 'me e boetse e phallang ka Leoatleng la Azov.

Nōkeng fetola botho ba eona ho tloha ka fihlang ho e ka holimo ho finyellang e ka tlaase. Ka holimo a tsa Kuban - e tloaelehileng ea lithaba noka, le tsohle tse trappings - majoe likhohlong, moepa, ka linako tse ling matsoapong, tebileng phorosele, liphororo le moferefere.

Ka mor'a hore motse oa Cherkessk mofuta wa liphetoho tsa lona, phula sona e ba sephara, le phallo e ba ho feta e nang le khutso le lekanngoa. Matsoapo ba bonolo ho feta ke lintho tsa tlhaho. Karolong e bohareng le e ka tlaase ea e Kuban hau ya pina e twisty haholo. Phuleng ea nōka mangata basali ba baholo. Kholo ka ho fetisisa ba bona ba - Lake Khale Kuban.

km A lekholo ho tloha confluence le Leoatle Azov, nōka ea aroloa, eaba ba etsa ka sehloohong tse tharo Hose - difapho tse di, Cossack le Erik Petrushin sleeve.

Metsi Kuban mokgwa wa

Nakong ea selemo meroallo noka nang 7-8, ka ho fetisisa bongata ba tse selemo le lehlabula, le hlabula moroallo e matla ho feta ea selemo. Sena ke ka ntlha ya go ho qhibiliha ka linako tse itseng tsa lehloa le glaciers tsa Caucasus.

Noka phallo e ka 12-13 km dikubita tsa metsi ka selemo, ha, ka lebaka la ho palo e kholo ea-butle emisitswe, nōka marotholi kena Leoatleng la Azov, ba ka bang limilione 4 tsa boima ba lithane magweregwere ka selemo.

Leqhoa e sa tsitsang noka. Ka nako e bolela'ng ha nōka leqhoa le tsoa ho likhoeli tse 'ngoe ho a mararo ka selemo, empa ha le hatsele lilemong mofuthu.

Ha ho leqhoa barbotage, ka lebaka la ho phallo lebelo le phahameng ka karolong e ka holimo ea nōka.

Lijo Kuban entsoe ka pula, leqhoa le tlase ho lefatshe mehloli. noka ea sona na le 14 likete linōka, ka nako e ngata hore lintho li siile melatswana banka. Ho bana, e le ho bua ka ho kholo ka ho fetisisa ho thathamisa joale linōka e matleng a hae ho Atlantic beisine Russia, oela ka Kuban ba bohlokoa: Big le Small Zelenchuk, Setereke Federal, Laba, Urup, Pshish, White, FC Afips Afipsky, Psekups (setseng banka), Mara , Dzheguta, Bohloko (nepahetseng banka).

Neva

Haeba u sheba 'mapa oa North European ea Russia, ho ke ke ha ho le thata ho fumana hore na seo e leng ho ea nōkeng e beisine ea Leoatleng la Atlantic le ka nako e tšoanang e kgutshwane. Neva phallang ka tse peli tsa Federation Russia - ka motseng oa St. Petersburg le Leningrad sebakeng. Ho latelang ho tswa Ladoga Lake le psha kena Leoatleng Baltic (Kou ea Finland, e Neva Bay).

Le batlang e le khutšoanyane bolelele (ka 74 km) la nōka ea gare ga mokoti sebakeng 28 likete sq km., Kaha e le feela e phallang ho tloha Lake Ladoga. Ho oa kakaretso ea 5.1 m.

Beisine ke rarahaneng hydrological marangrang, le matša a mangata le matamo. Ka palo yohle, Neva ka gare ga mokoti sebakeng se akarelletsa tse fetang 48 tse sekete linōka le holim 'a 26 likete matša. Ka tsela eo le melatswana 26 phallang ka ho toba ka nōkeng.

Sena ke e boetse e le Atlantic beisine, kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa tsona li ka le letšehali lebōpong la Khale le New Ladoga kanaleng, kaget, Izhora, Tosna, Slavyanka, 'me ka lehlakoreng le letona - nōka Black le Ohta. makgobokgobo e arotsoe ka ducts maloa amana ke metjha e.

Le e-ba bolelele ea 74 km le, le lero la Neva e km 78,9 dikubita ka selemo, e leng go gorosa e ka linoka holimo leshome Europe. E le bophara karolelano ea 400-600 limithara le karolelano botebo - limithara tse 8-11.

The linoka tsa Atlantic beisine (lethathamo)

Joale thathamisa linōka tsohle kenyelelitsoe Leoatleng la Atlantic beisine:

1. Don le melatswana tsa Seversky Donets, Voronezh, Thekiso le Quick sa phaena, Manych, Aksay, Nepryadva, Bear, Black Kalitva, Beautiful Sword Bityug, Chir, Ilovlya, Osered, Sal.
2. Kuban le melatswana: Big le Small Zelenchuk, Setereke Federal, Laba, Urup, Pshish, White, FC Afips Afipsky, Psekups (setseng banka), Mara, Dzheguta, Bohloko (nepahetseng banka).
3. Neva le melatswana: ea Khale le e Ncha Ladoga kanaleng, kaget, Izhora, Tosna, Slavyanka le letona batho ba batsho le Ohta.

Bolella seo linōka e matleng a hae ho Atlantic beisine, ka kakaretso e ka pheha khang ea hore kaofela ha bona ba tsamaisoa haholo-holo ke lehloa. Bakeng sa nang le khutso bona, 'me boholo ba ba ruileng haholo. Leha ho naha ya rona ba, ka tsela eo, ha e le kholo ka ho fetisisa, hammoho le ka Eurasia. Ka ho fetisisa e tletseng phallang ke Arctic Ocean Nōka.

Hona joale, ka tšepo, u ke ke ua ba ho le thata ho araba potso seo linoka e matleng a hae ho Atlantic beisine Russia.