Jwalo ka ha thehoa lisele tsa mmele. The outflow ea mokhatlo, tlhoekiso, stagnation, sebopeho le mosebetsi wa lisele tsa mmele wa

Lisele tsa mmele ke mokelikeli lesela 'mele tse nodes ea lisele tsa mmele le lijana lisele tsa mmele. Ho batho, lisele tsa mmele wa Ho thehoa ka palo ea a etsang dilitara tse 2-4 ka letsatsi. Ke mokelikeli hlakile bao segokanyipalo fihla 1.026. Lisele tsa mmele alkaline itšoara joang ke ph 7,35-9,0. Lero lena thusa ho boloka ho leka-lekana metsi le ka flush microorganisms ho tswa lisele pathological.

Sebopeho sa lisele tsa mmele wa

Sena lesela mokelikeli o potoloha ka methapo ea mali le tsamaiso ea lymphatic le ke hoo e ka bang tsohle makala. Boholo ba eona ka e lumellang metsi ho kena phahameng ea methapo ea mali le litho tse: sebete, spleen, ya marapo mesifa le pelo.

Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore sebopeho lona e sa tsitsang, ho tloha ho itšetlehileng ka makala le lisele tse ho tloha eo e phallang theoha. Metsoako e ka sehloohong ea dikarolo ka 'na ba ho builoeng metsi, li bole kapele lihlahisoa tsa metsoako manyolo, lymphocytes le leukocytes. Ha ho bapisoa, dinama tse nyenyane tse mokelikeli, lisele tsa mmele o na le e phahameng le dikahare protheine. lik'hemik'hale lona tšoana lero la mali mali, empa e tiileng e qamathelang lona e ka tlaase ho moo.

Sebopeho e boetse e akarelletsa lisele tsa mmele anions, potlakisang tsebetso ea lik'hemik'hale le divithamini. Ho phaella moo, ho na le dintho hore eketsa bokhoni ba mali hoama. Tabeng ea tšenyo e likepe tse nyenyane mali (methapong), e ntseng e eketseha palo ea lymphocytes. Hape hona joale ka lisele tsa mmele tse nyenyane palo ya monocytes le granulocytes.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore lisele tsa mmele batho bosula le bo sa li-platelet, empa ka a phuthilweng, hobane e na le fibrinogen. Ena e bopa ya hlephileng tetemang ea mosehla. lintlha Ho feta moo, mokelikeli ona o ne a tsejoa maloetseng humoral (lysozyme, properdin) le tlatsana, le hoja lisele tsa mmele bokhoni ba bactericidal ke ka tlaase haholo ho feta mali.

e bolelang lisele tsa mmele

Ho ka 'na ho hlokomela mesebetsi e joalo motheo ea lisele tsa mmele wa:

• electrolyte khutla, liprotheine le metsi ho tswa sebaka interstitial ka kemisong ea mali;

• lymphocirculation tloaelehile fana thuto moroto maximally khobokellane;

• lisele tsa mmele jarelang dintho tse ngata tseo a ikakhele ka setotsoana makala tshilong ya dijo, ho akarelletsa le mafura;

• enzyme motho (mohlala, lipase le histaminase) ka kenya mali feela ka tsamaiso lymphatic (tshilong ya dijo ka mosebetsi);

• bokella lisele tsa mmele ho tloha lisele erythrocytes eo ipokellela ho na mora mo ntša kotsi, hammoho le chefo 'me libaktheria li (tšireletso ea mosebetsi);

• ho fana ka puisano pakeng tsa litho tsa ka hare le dinama tse nyenyane, hammoho le tsamaiso ea lymphoid le mali;

• Lula lisele tse sa khaotseng microenvironment, ke hore,. E. mosebetsi Homeostatic.

Ho phaella moo, lisele tsa mmele nodes ba thehoa lymphocytes le lisireletsi, tse amehang Karabelo boitshireletso ea 'mele. Ka Oncology e ka sehloohong tsela lisele tsa mmele ata ha lisele tsa kankere.

Ke habohlokoa ho hlokomela hore lisele tsa mmele, interstitial mokelikeli 'me mali a amana haufi-ufi, kahoo netefatsa homeostasis.

lymphization

Motheong oa tshebetso ena ke karaoke set, diffusion, osmosis, 'me phapang khatello hydrostatic, e leng e tlalehiloeng ka methapong ea ka mokelikeli interstitial.

Ka lisele tsa mmele wa Ho thehoa? Ka mokhoa ona, bohlokoa haholo ke e lumellang metsi ho kena ya lijana lymphatic. Kahoo, likaroloana tsa fapaneng boholo bo fete lerako la methapong lisele tsa mmele ka litsela tse peli tse ka sehloohong:

1. intercellular ha lekoa ka intercellular lekhalo likaroloana e metle eo boholo e 10 NM - 10 microns.

2. Ka endothelium, tse lipalangoang tsa dintho tse amanang le ho toba mokhatlo oa bona ka vesicles micropinocytic le machachetsi.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore litsela tsa ya data ho sebetsa ka nako.

Haeba karabo ea potso e reng "kamoo Ho thehoa lisele tsa mmele", e Ke habohlokoa ho hopola ka khatello ea oncotic. Kahoo, phahameng hydrostatic khatello ea mali le ho tlatsetsa hore ho thehoe lisele tsa mmele, le phahameng oncotic khatello ea thibela thulaganyou e sebetsang. mokelikeli karaoke set etsahala methapong, ha e khutlela ho bethe venous, hobane ho na le phapang la khatello ea ea bohlokoa le venous qetellong ea methapong.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore limfokapillyarov e lumellang metsi ho kena fapana ho itšetlehile ka boemo ba tshebetso ya makala, hammoho le ka tse fapa-fapaneng ho phetha molao, tsa k'hemik'hale le lintlha humoral kapa neural. Tekanyo ea sebopeho sa lisele tsa mmele le chelete lona e itšetlehile ka kamano pakeng tsa tsamaiso ea le ajoa lymphatic. Kahoo, haeba ka motsotso bophahamo ba modumo ea ajoa mali ke 6 a etsang dilitara tse, joale e tlhotliloeng ka methapong ea mali 15 ML ea mokelikeli le 12 ML ea eona e reabsorbed morao, empa 5 di ml le lula ho sebaka sa interstitial, 'me joale a khutlela ka tsamaiso ea ho potoloha ha mali ka tsela lymphatics ena.

Ho utloisisa hantle hore na kamoo le moo lisele tsa mmele e thehoa, e ke ho hlokahala hore ho tseba litšobotsi tsa sebōpeho sa tsamaiso lymphatic.

Features ya mokhatlo o hlophisitsoeng oa ea tsamaiso lymphatic

The kgokahanyo qalong ke lymphatic methapong. Ba ba sebakeng lisele tsohle le makala. Ha ho e feela ka boko le lesapong la mokokotlo, thaka tsa le ka tsebe e ka hare, e le hammoho le ka epithelium tsa letlalo, spleen, lesapo moko, placenta.

Limfokapillyary ka kopana ho theha e netting limfokapillyarnye lijana kholoanyane lisele tsa mmele e nang le likhetla tse tharo:

• ka hare - e entsoe ka lisele tse bitsoang lisele tse endothelial;

• Karolelano - na le lisele tse mesifa boreleli dinama tse nyenyane tse;

• External - connective dinama tse nyenyane tse selateng.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore lijana lymphatic na di-valve. Thanks ho bona, motsamao oa lisele tsa mmele ka tataiso e 'ngoe feela - ho tswa ho periphery ho bohareng. E le busa, lisele tsa mmele lijana tsa mesifa le litho tsa ka hare ea methapo ea mali le ba bitsoa tebileng.

dikarolo bohlokoa ea tsamaiso lymphatic ke lisele tsa mmele nodes. Ba phetha mosebetsi filthara le fana ka tšireletso ea boitshireletso ba phelang. nodes lisele tsa mmele di haufi lijana kgolo mali, hangata lihlopha ka 'na ba holim' kapa sebakeng sa cavities hare tsa 'mele. Ba ipokellela le excrete likokoana-hloko 'me libaktheria li, hammoho le likarolo tse tsoang linaheng tse ling. Overloading lisele tsa mmele nodes hodisa 'me e be bohloko, e leng se bontšang hore ka tsela e feteletseng tšilafalo lisele tsa mmele. Ka groin ea lisele tsa mmele nodes ka tloaelo e ile ea eketseha nakong tshwaetso ka noka kapa maoto. Ho ruruha le ka boela tsa amahanngoa le kulisa, boteng ba cysts nang kotsi kapa mesifa mora distension.

Ke lokela ho bolela hore tsamaisong ea lymphatic, ho na le e itseng straits limfostvoly le ka eo ho eona ho ke e outflow ea lisele tsa mmele ba tsoang likarolong tse fapaneng tsa 'mele le litho tse ka hare.

Features ya motsamao oa lisele tsa mmele

Horeng lymphatics fumana ka 180 di ml tse lisele tsa mmele ka letsatsi ka tsela e limfoprotok thoracic ka lelefatsa ho fihlela ho etsang dilitara 4 ea mokelikeli ka. O ile a khutlela maling kakaretso. Ho tseba kamoo e bopa lisele tsa mmele, e lokela ho ba tloaelane le ka ho susumelletsa ka 'mele.

Hobane lisele tsa mmele ka methapong lisele tsa mmele thehoa, e le matla haholo ho feta filtara e mokelikeli ho tswa ho mali likepe tse nyenyane ho lebisa ho matsapa ya sebopeho sa eona 'me ho eketsa lebelo la mokhatlo oa lona. Har'a mabaka a hore eketsa lisele tsa mmele sebopeho lokela ho kenyeletsa tse latelang:

• phahameng hydrostatic khatello ea ka capillary ea;

• phahameng tshebetso mosebetsi oa makala;

• e lumellang metsi ho kena High capillary;

• taolo ditharollo hypertonic.

Karolo e phethoang ka sehloohong motsamao oa lisele tsa mmele ke ea ho bōptjoa ha hydrostatic khatello ea mathomo. E khothalletsa batho motsamao oa la bodices lisele tsa mmele methapong nģ'a lijana efferent.

Seo etsa bonnete ba mokhatlo oa lona ka ho eketsehileng? Lisele tsa mmele Ho thehoa ho tloha mokelikeli interstitial. Ka tsela eo matla a mantlha o khothalletsang mokhatlo oa lona ho tloha site ho confluence molaleng methapong - morethetho khutsufatso lymphangions.

Avilable lymphangions. mekgwa e meng susumelletsa lisele tsa mmele

Lymphangions bitsoa sebopeho tubular le di-valve le mesifa "cuff". lihlopha tsena ka bitsoa mofuta oa lipelo lymphatic. Ho le joalo, lisele tsa mmele bakoang ke 'ona, e leng se lebisang ho otlolla tsa "cuff". Tabeng ena, e phunyang distal koala lymphangion le proximal, ho fapana le hoo, e qala. Ka lebaka leo, ho ba susumelletsa ho lymphangions latelang lisele tsa mmele (le tse ling tse joalo ho fihlela confluence tsamaisong ea venous).

Ha re bua ka sebōpeho sa marako lymphangions, ba emeloang likhoele adrenergic hore modulate ho itlelang feela morethetho pelehi. Smooth mesifa lymphangion hape khona ho phokotso, e isang ho eketseha ha khatello ea ka lijaneng tsa lisele tsa mmele le lisele tsa mmele ho kena maling. Active ho ka ama ba bang ba li-hormone, bioactive dintho (mohlala, histamine), le phetoho ea mahloriso ya metsoako tshilong ya dijo le mocheso phahameng.

The mochine o ile a hlalosa motsamao oa lisele tsa mmele ke motheo, empa ho na le lintlha mahareng. Kahoo, nakong ea ho bululeloa lisele tsa mmele thoracic phallang ho tsoa limfoprotoka ho feta e tlhokomelwa fela thata, 'me nakong pululo tshebetso liehisa. Ka lebaka la ho mekhatlo ea diaphragm a nako le nako a petetswa le otlolla tanka ea mochophorong ho, ka tsela eo ka ho eketsehileng displacement lisele tsa mmele.

Tiisetso ea phallo lisele tsa mmele o boetse o angoa ke morethetho khutsufatso ea makala (pelo le intestine), e leng e etsa hore le phetiso a sebetsang a feta mokelikeli dinama tse nyenyane tse ka lumen ea methapong ka. Mafoko-khutshwafatso mesifa ya marapo hore a lika-liketse lijana lymphatic, hape ea nang le bokhoni pepeta le lisele tsa mmele, ha ba ntse ba kenya letsoho hore ho lona mechanically mahae, 'me hape eketsa contractile bokhoni ba lymphangions hore ba kenngoa ka mesifa faeba. Ka lebaka la mokhatlo oa ena ea lisele tsa mmele ka lijaneng tsa e potlakisa.

Tsubuhlellano tsamaisong ea lymphatic

Insufficiency lisele tsa mmele sebopeho e tlōla kapa ho fallela lisele tsa mmele. mafu tse ngata li tsamaea ka tsela e sa tloaelehang ka ho tsamaiso lymphatic, e leng ba atisa ho ea bohlokoa letotong la tshebetso pathological.

Ha ho hloleha lisele tsa mmele lisele tsa mmele se sebetsane ka katleho le mosebetsi-holo - seemelong metabolites tloha lisele 'mele ka sekhahla sa lekaneng. Tabeng ena, ho hlōleha ho phetha molao feela oa lisele tsa mmele ka 'na ba akaretsang kapa lebatowa botho ba hae.

lisele tsa mmele stagnation bontša mefuta e fapaneng ya le matšoao, ho itšetlehile ka lintho tse 'maloa:

• ho tloha sebakeng seo develops lymphostasis;

• litšobotsi tsa theiboleng lymphatic;

• lilemo tsa mamello;

• lebelo leo insufficiency lymphatic develops.

hona joale khahlanong le lisele tsa mmele isang ho bokella lihlahisoa nang le chefo e. Ha tšenyo lymphatics hlaha thrombi, seo hangata se akarelletsa ho leukocytes le fibrin. Ba salla lisele tsa mmele nodes lebatowa, kahoo ha ho na kotsi.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore lymphostasis haholo-holo kotsi mafu a tšoaetsanoang le ho pathologies bolaeang ka generalization isang timetsong le ponahalo ea metastases retrograde (lisele tsa mmele phallo khahlanong le hasana).

A neng li tloaelehile tsa tleleniki pontšo ea lefu ke lisele tsa mmele edema. Stagnation lisele tsa mmele tsamaea le dinama tse nyenyane tse hypoxia, mafu tshilong ya dijo le metsi le ho leka-lekana electrolyte hammoho le dystrophic le liketsahalo sclerotic. Ka kakaretso lisele tsa mmele stagnation hlahisa varicose fetola lymphatics, hypertrophy tsa likhoele mesifa hammoho le multiple sclerosis Intini, phetoho di-valve.

Tlōlo ea bokhoni coagulation ea lisele tsa mmele

Rea tseba hore ka lisele tsa mmele ke hoo e batlang e le dikarolo tsohle hore ba na le boikarabelo hoama, le fibrinolysis antisvertyvaniya joalo intravascular coagulation hase ikhethang oa ho mali, empa hape lijana lymphatic. Tabeng ena, lintlha dinama tse nyenyane tse coagulation se feela ama hemostasis, empa hape ka e lumellang metsi ho kena vascular le interstitial dinama tse nyenyane tse ho tsamaisa mokelikeli. Ka mekgwa e tšoanang hore ba na le boikarabelo hoama mali, se ka mo lakalisa liketsahalo tse joalo ka lisele tsa mmele methapong, likepe tse le nodes.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore kamano e pakeng tsa metsoako e sa tšoaneng ea mali le lisele tsa mmele hanyane ithuta, empa eo tsejoa hore dithulaganyo tse fapa-fapaneng pathological ka ba le litla fapaneng ka coagulation ea lisele tsa mmele. Ho joalo, ha u kenya mali heterogeneous disappears lisele tsa mmele bokhoni ba ho clot, kaha bongata ba anticoagulants tsa tlhaho eketseha. Ho lumeloa hore e le palo e khōlō ea anticoagulant tabeng ena tsamaisa feela ba kenya mali e ya hlahiswa ka sebete le lisele tsa mmele.

Tlōlo ea coagulation ea lisele tsa mmele ka ntshetsopele ya thrombosis ke hoo e ka bang e sa tsejoeng. Ho na le ya data liteko hore tiisa hore liphetoho ditirisanommogo ka mali le lisele tsa mmele ka 'na ba e fapaneng hanyenyane, empa tataiso ea boitsebahatso ba bona. Ho phaella moo, eo tsejoa hore thrombosis e tsamaea le slowdown hanyenyane ka phallo lisele tsa mmele ho tloha limfoprotoka thoracic e minyelelitse, 'me sebopeho sa e thrombus venous tsamaea le liphetoho tshwaileng e maling le lisele tsa mmele. tsa paterone ena e bontša hore ho na le lebaka le utloahalang la ha theoretically feela ithuta litšobotsi tsa dithulaganyo moqolong-up tsamaisong ea lymphatic, empa hape le ho sebelisa ha ba le ka go ikatisetsa litleleniki tsa.

Hloekisa lisele tsa mmele: ya litatoli na

le palo e khōlō ea metsoako kotsi bokeletseng ka sebaka intercellular bakeng sa tšebeliso e mpe ea tsamaiso lymphatic. Tabeng ena, lisele tsa mmele e silafalitsoe, e leng ho ntshetsopele ya lymphostasis. boemo ena e tsamaea le ho eketseha ha mojaro ka makala, haholo-holo ka sebete, liphio le mala. Ho thibela liphello tse kotsi tsa chefo, ho ke ke ho hlokahala hore ho fana ka lymphatic drainage le outflow ea kamehla ea mokelikeli interstitial.

Bontšang bakeng sa ho hloekisa ea tsamaiso lymphatic di le maemong a latelang:

• ba sa tšoanelehe detoxification ka lebaka la ho irregularities ka sebete le intestine (lefu la sebete, colitis, goiter, pipitlelano le bile stasis);

• khafetsa sefuba;

• foleng tshwaetso ya makala pelvic (mohlala, cystitis, adnexitis kapa endometritis);

• tšoaetso ea mala kapa mafu a mang a hore ba tsamaea le botahoa bohlokoa;

• mafu a letlalo;

• alejiki lethopa (mohlala, atopic dermatitis, eczema kapa atopic dermatitis);

• boemo, a tsamaea le dinama tse nyenyane tse tšenyo e khōlō le ho absorption ka maling lihlahisoa thipitlo (ho sithabela, chesa le fractures);

• mathata ho potoloha ha mali ka lebaka la ho sa tahlehelo ea mali, thrombosis, embolism;

• mafu endocrine, haholo-holo le botenya, lefu la tsoekere le mafu thyroid.

mekhoa motheo ea hloekisa lisele tsa mmele

Pele u lisele tsa mmele hloekileng, ba lokela ho buisana le ngaka, ke mang ea tla beha contraindications khoneha le u thusa khetha le kgetho ya molemo ka ho fetisisa.

Mokhoa № 1. Fana ka litholoana tse molemo ka ho arthrosis le ramatiki, eo nka sebaka le sebopeho sa edema ke hape e le pontšo ea ho hloleha gogoga pelo, thrombophlebitis sa foleng le ho timetsoa ha tsamaiso ea matšoafo, osteochondrosis. U ke ke ua sebelisa mokhoa ona ha o alejiki ho dilamunu, hammoho le ha ba le mamello e na le lefu la tsoekere.

Ho hlokahala hore ho nka 900 ML lamunu lero, ka tsela e lekanang tsa lero grapefruit le 200 di ml tse lero a hloekileng sirilamunu. All ena tlameha ho hlapolotsoe ka a etsang dilitara tse 2 ya metsi a qhibiliha. Ka hoseng ha ba je lijo tsa hoseng, ho etsa e enema ea a etsang dilitara tse 2 tsa metsi, a eo ke ho hlokahala hore ho pele ho eketsa 2 tbsp. k. apole cider asene. Mora enema paakanyong lokela ho noa tse 100 di ml metsi eo hlalane letsoai Glauber e, hang-hang nka shaoara chesang, ka mor'a moo 200 di ml noa premix dijusi dilamunu le qhibiliha metsi. Ka mor'a moo ba lokela ho tsohle noa dilitara tse 4 tsa motsoako (ka likarolo tse ling tsa 100 di ml mong le o mong hora halofo).

Hloekisa lisele tsa mmele ke mokhoa ona lokela ho ho phethahatsoa ka matsatsi a mararo. Hopola hore ka mor'a hore ena u ke ke ua tšohanyetso switjha ho ja lijo e le tloaelo, ho ja lijo tse lokela ho atolosoa butle-butle. E kgothaletswa ho noa dijusi, ja litholoana, meroho phehiloeng le lijo-thollo.

Mokhoa № 2. E thusa hloekisa lisele tsa mmele, ho hula chefo le Khotsofatsa mele le divithamini. Hoseng lokela ho etsa e enema tlhoekiso. Ka nako eo o lokela ho ja 'ngoe grated Lemon zest le ka setimi hammoho le mahe a linotši le tsoekere litholoana. Letsatsi le letsatsi e lokela ho chesa ka sirilamunu e mong fetang, ba tlisa palo ho 15. Ka nako eo, palo ea lokela ho tsa fokotswa ka ho ja letsatsi le letsatsi bonyane 1 sirilamunu.

Mokhoa № 3. Re lokela ho nka ho Lemons, beet, lihoete, likharenate (kaofela lik'hilograma 2), pepeta lero la, kopanya le mahe a linotši le nka matsatsi a 10 ka mpeng letho le 50 di ml, ka nako eo etsa la matsatsi a mahlano khefu. dithuto tsena tse pheta-phetoang ho fihlela qetellong ea motsoako lokisitseng, e leng lokela ho ho bolokoa ka sehatsetsi le sekwahelo ka thata-thata koaloa.

Mokhoa № 4. lingaka Tibetan kgothaletswa ho hloekisa lisele tsa mmele latelang. U lokela ho nka 200 ml tse ea lero a hloekileng ea lihoete le beet ka karo-karolelano ea 4: 1 letsatsi pele lijo. Ka nako e tšoanang ba lokela ho ho nkoa ka Infusion celandine ka mohlala lekanang: mala letho hoseng - lerotholi le leng pele ho lijo tsa motšehare - marotholi 2 mantsiboea bakeng sa lijo tsa mantsiboea - 3 marotholi, joalo-joalo, ba tlisa lethal dose ho marotholi 15, 'me ka nako eo ho fokotsa palo ea Infusion ho dosing qalong (.. ho 1 lerotholi).

Ho lokisetsa Infusion ona celandine joang bo lokela ho ratha le pepeta lero, ka nako eo mathata eona. Ka mor'a moo, bakeng sa mong le e mong lero 450mg lokela eketsa 70 di ml ea joala. The Infusion sephetho le lokela ho refrigerated.

Re lokela ho hlokomela hore mokhoa ona oa ho tlhoekiso ea tsamaiso lymphatic e boetse e loketseng ka ho ba teng ha kgatelelo ya madi ka bakuli ba mafu a tshilong ya dijo, psoriasis, hemorrhoids, osteochondrosis.

bofello

Ho ka akaretsang, re ka bolela hore lisele tsa mmele - e mokelikeli e potolohileng 'me bathes lisele tsohle tsa' mele oa motho. Mosebetsi o ka sehloohong oa lisele tsa mmele wa - hloekisa lisele le makala a dihlahiswa ho bola. ajoa lisele tsa mmele e haufi-ufi amanang ho ajoa mali 'me e fana Optimum meleng le boemo bo phahameng ba mafolofolo.

Ka lisele tsa mmele wa Ho thehoa? Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ka holimo, tshebetso ena ho ena le tse rarahaneng, e leng se etsahalang maano a 'maloa' me ke itšetlehile ka lintlha tse ngata. Tlhoekiso tsa 'mele ke lisele tsa mmele wa ke hore ho bokella mokelikeli feteletseng le lihlahisoa tshilong ya dijo ka ho tswa sebaka sa intercellular, le e fetisetsa ho ea nodes lisele tsa mmele tse "liteishene filtara e". Ho phaella ho ho hloekisa 'mele, lisele tsa mmele ke mosebetsi sireletsang, hobane ho thusa ho tlosa mahlahana a tsoang linaheng tse ling le likokoana-hloko.

Lisele tsa mmele ke regulator bohlokoa tsa dithulaganyo tshilong ya dijo ka 'mele, e le hantle e le ntlha ea lisele tse phepo e ntle. Ka maemo a ho tlōla lisele tsa mmele sebopeho kapa slowing phetohelo lona develops ema felo gotee intercellular mokelikeli, e leng isang edema. Ho lokela ho hlokomeloe hore lieha ajoa lisele tsa mmele isang mokhathala ka tsela e feteletseng, hammoho le ho inertia tsa dithulaganyo habohlokoa hore hamorao o ka etsa hore mefuta e sa tšoaneng ea mafu a le ho tsofala pele ho nako ea lisele.

Fanoeng tsena mosebetsi lisele tsa mmele, e kgothaletswa ho etsa ho hloekisa lona bonyane habeli ka selemo ka mekgwatshebetso ya ho tshwaneleha. tlhoekiso joalo e lumella 'mele ho tlosa lintho tse sa hlokahaleng le tse kotsi le mosebetsi boemong e homolog.