Hole North. Natural maemo. Flora le liphoofolo

Hole North - ka keletso ea karolo e Northern tsa Soviet Union ea mehleng, e leng e haholo-holo sebakeng sa Arctic. tse ngata tsa libakeng tsa mahaeng ho ya ditlhotlheletso hore ba behela lik'hamphani tshebedisano, boemo le setjhaba tikolohong eo.

maemo a tlhaho ea ho Hōle North

sebakeng seo naha e ka bang limilione tse 2.2 km lisekoere.

Main Features:
- mahlaseli ho leka-lekana e tlaase;
- mocheso karolelano ka likhoeli tse ea lehlabula le haufi le 0 ° C (e nahane ka hore ka karolelano mocheso mpe);
- atile permafrost le glaciers ho fihlela ho limithara tse 500;
- ho na le mokato nyenyane ea thawing ka linako tse itseng (e seng tse fetang mashome a supileng disentimetara).

Hole North Russia e akarelletsa libaka tse latelang: morung-tundra, tundra, taiga, 'me karolo ea lehoatata arctic. Ka hare ho naha, ntle le linōka tse nyenyane, ba sebakeng estuarine kgolo haholo linōka - the ob,, Pyasina, Pechora, Yenisei, Lena, Khatanga, Indigirka Anabara, Yana le Kolyma. Hoo e ka bang kaofela ha bona ba ka fihlang ho sona ka tlaase phalla ka liphula tse sephara. Khatanga, Yenisei le ob, melomong ea etsa gulfs meholo. - "molomo". Linōka ne tshusumetso e senyang ka permafrost ena. Ba sutumelletsa ho lehlakoreng la phula me butle-butle ho timetsa ka tsela ea bona. Ho phaella moo, ba ba le phello e moderating ka boemo ba leholimo ba libakeng tse e potolohileng. Liphello tsa metsi noka maoatleng li lemoha ka e leng sebaka sa km tse peli ho tse makholo a mararo ho tloha molomo, amang leqhoa le hydrological puso maoatle. Ka likhoeli tse robong kapa tse leshome la nōka le hatsele ka selemo, ba bang ba - ho tlase ho. K'honthinenteng e qhibiliha ka May le June, le hatsele ka October. Lihlekehlekeng ka July - September.

Ka hare ho tundra naha le palo e kholo ea matša teng ka bang lihlekehlekeng tse ling. Ho fetisisa ea selemo ba tlas'a leqhoa. Letša kholo ka ho fetisisa ka Hōle North - Taimyr. Ho e teng ka hloahloeng e tšoanang. Hole North fapane ntshetswa pele mobu arctic hore na le haufi le ho se nke lehlakore kapa hanyenyane acid e itšoara joang. dithulaganyo hlaphoheloa (kapa gleying) ke le siyo. Tundra mobu ho rena ka libaka tundra. Holim 'a naha ea Hōle North e bopa ya toropo tlaase ho bua leshano ya West Siberia le Bochabela European Plain: Kolyma, Yana-Indigirka le North Siberia mabalane. Libakeng tse ling ho na le lithaba. Phahameng ka ho fetisisa le oa bohlokoa oa ho bona - e karolong e ka leboea ea mefuta e fapaneng ya Verkhoyansk le lithabeng Byrranga ka Taimyr letšeng 'me lithaba tsa Chukchi Hloahloeng. Sebopeho sa naha, lihlekehleke le bapileng raka, athe le seabo mehahong ea Paleozoic, Precambrian le Mesozoic-Cenozoic sediments, hammoho le sebopeho sa mofuta magmatic ya sebopeho sa tšoaneng.

Limela le liphoofolo tsa bo Hōle North

Hole North fapane limela le liphoofolo tse sa tšoaneng. Leha ho le joalo, boholo ba baemeli ba bolela ho baahi ba metsi leoatleng. liforomo tse nyenyane - ke plankton, eo sebeletsa lijo tsa lintho tse phelang tse khōlō.

Dimela ba Hōle North: phaene, birch, alder, Rowan, dwarf birch, malandro; blueberries, cloudberry cranberries, blueberries, knyazhevika, Shiksha; ka bang ka 55 mefuta e meng ea li-fungus; Globe, buttercups bosehla, 'mè-and-stepmother, dandelion, lebala-na-pherese Castillo, gentian lefifi putsoa, k'hothone joang, cyanosis; tse fetang lekholo mefuta e meng ea boriba.

Seo liphoofolo tse ahileng Hōle North? Sena likhama, phiri, mebutlanyana, phokojoe, girl manga, Elk, marten, bere, ferret, lemminki; likhantši, gulls, matata, Snipes, waders, Turuhana, liinoli li, Sandpiper, whooping, tse nyenyane khantsi phakoe e jang litlhapi, Red-loon, erne, Crane, halofo common snipe, phakoe, ntsu, grouse, Merlin; plankton, liboko, crustaceans, morue, tlhapi (ho atileng ka ho fetisisa - e Arctic cod,), walruses.