Hlophisitsoeng sehlopha ea liphoofolo: taxa khōlō le melao-motheo ea tlhophiso

Taba ea saense ea lenaane-thalo ke tlhophiso ea lintho tse phelang. Kopantseng libōpuoa ka lihlopha ka lebaka la litšobotsi tse itseng ke sa bohlokoa haholo e sebetsang ea ho ithuta tsona. The dihlopha ka sehloohong ba tsamaiso ea liphoofolo le melao-motheo ka tlhophiso ea bona, e tla tšohloa sehloohong se rona.

Basics tsa tlhophiso phoofolo

Motheong ofe ho tswa ho mefuta e fapaneng ya lintho tse phelang ka ho tsejoa liphoofolo? Ka e le 'ngoe - tsela ea ho ja. Liphoofolo tsohle, ho tloha amoeba game nyenyane ho leruarua seqhenqha, ke heterotrophic. Sena se bolela hore ba loketse ho ja feela taba manyolo le ke ke hlahisa bona ba le bang.

Taxon ke mefuta e nyenyane ka ho fetisisa liphoofolo. Sena ke sehlopha sa batho ba neng ba kopane ka molao-motheo oa ho tšoana mehaho, physiology le ekolotsi. This sehlopha hlophisitsoeng oa phoofolo e na le lebitso le habeli. E ile ea pele hlahiswa ka saense e tummeng rasaense Karl Linney. Chafer, fallang tsie, lehloa sephooko - lebitso la pele la dimela ka. Lentswe bobeli e hlalosa genus eo phoofolo.

dihlopha hlophisitsoeng ea liphoofolo: tafole

diyuniti hlophisitsoeng ba bitsoa taxa. Mofuta 'me le mosa tse nyenyane ka ho fetisisa ho bona. The taxon kholo ka ho fetisisa - 'muso ona. Ka ho ba sethaleng hona joale ea lenaane-thalo arola ba hlano. semela sena, li-fungus, libaktheria, likokoana-hloko, 'me liphoofolo. phapang bona se seholo ke tsela la matla 'me litšobotsi tsa sebopeho seleng ea ka. Tatelano ya dihlopha hlophisitsoeng ea liphoofolo bontšitsoe chate.

e nang le sele

Hlophisitsoeng sehlopha ea liphoofolo tse bonolo, le 'ngoe-e nang le sele phelang ba momahane. Ba eukaryotes tsohle. seleng ea bona ke phelang ka ho feletseng le matla a ho phetha dithulaganyo tsohle tsa bophelo: phepo e nepahetseng, respiration, khōlo, ho ikatisa, mokhatlo oa.

mehlala e tloaelehileng ea liphoofolo tse unicellular subkingdoms ke amoeba game Proteus, euglena tala, Paramecium caudatum.

multicellular

'Mele oa baemeli ba bonahatsa bonngoe ena e hlophisitsoeng e hase feela hlalosoa ke plurality ea lisele. Tsena mehaho e nyenyane ka ho fetisisa tshwanang ka sebopeho le mosebetsi tse sequentially kopanngoa ka lisele, makala le tsamaiso ea. sehlopha sena e hlophisitsoeng e akarelletsa mefuta e 'maloa ea liphoofolo, sebōpeho sa e latellana ho feta rarahaneng. Kakaretso ea tse supileng. Ba ke khale ka ho fetisisa sebōpeho sa seponche ka. likokoana tsena tse khomaretse phelang ka eona, ho ja ka ho karaoke set. Metsi a hloekileng hydra, sesang le polyps ke baemeli ba Coelenterates mofuta wa. Ba khethehileng lisele tse e-s'o thehoa lesela sebele.

Ntlha ea pele, mehaho e tsena hlaha ka libōkō tse theha mefuta e 'maloa ea liphoofolo: bataletseng, potoloha le segmented. Ea bobeli ba tšoauoa ka ponahalo ea tsamaiso ho potoloha ha mali. The mofuta latelang ea liphoofolo multicellular bitsoa mefuta itseng ea likhofu. Ba na le 'mele o le bonolo, e leng e sa aroloa ka likarolo' me hangata sirelelitsoe ke teba. Kholo ka ho fetisisa tsa mefuta-futa mefuta ke mofuta oa arthropods, eo kopanyang likokoanyana, crustaceans le arachnids.

samjun

This sehlopha hlophisitsoeng ea liphoofolo thata ka ho fetisisa ho fumana, 'me e na le kakaretso na mwango ya sebopeho. Ena ho fumaneha axial Strand, kapa samjun, neural tube, le Gill slits ka pharynx ena. Ho itšetlehile ka hore tikoloho di fetotsoeng. Sehlopha sa baemeli ba chordates li tsejoa ho bohle a bile a sebelisoang haholo ka lintho tseo batho ba moruo. Ba tloaelehileng baahi ba metsi - tlhapi, tse tsejoang ka Gill hema. Sehahabi ke liphoofolo tse phela naha empa bakang ka matangoana. Ho lihoho, linqanqana le lihoho sefate. Ka ho feletseng ho tsoa ka lihahabi naha - likoena, mekholutsoane, linoha le likolopata. Le linonyana tsa moeeng tlas'a tikoloho ena. Ka ho fetisisa haholo hlophisitse liphoofolo tse samjun mefuta ke liphoofolo tse anyesang eo moemeli ke motho eo.

Kahoo, ho 'muso o ka phoofolo ke lintho tse phelang, tse tsejoang ka mofuta heterotrophic lijo. Baemeli ba bonahatsa bonngoe ena e hlophisitsoeng ka taxa latelang:

• Subkingdom unicellular;
• Subkingdom multicellular.

Ea bobeli e kenyeletsa: seponche, coelenterates, bataletseng, potoloha le annelid liboko, molluscs, arthropods, le liphoofolo tse anyesang.