Antidiuretic hormona (Adh). The secretion ea li-hormone antidiuretic

Vasopressin - antidiuretic hormona - hlahisoang ke hypothalamus, e leng e teng ka kamorao pituitary (neurohypophysis). hormona ena etsa bonnete ba homeostasis ka 'mele oa motho, ho lula ho leka-lekana metsi. Ho joalo, ho etsa mohlala, dehydration kapa mali a maholohali a le tlas'a tšusumetso ea vasopressin kenyeletsa mekgwa ya ho etsa bonnete ba hore cessation ea tahlehelo mokelikeli. Kahoo, li-hormone antidiuretic (Adh) mpa feela ha e re lumelle ho omella.

Moo Adh e tsa maiketsetso?

Antidiuretic hormona hlahisoa methapo ea kutlo e kholo seleng ea la supraoptic motheo oa hypothalamus le tlama ho neyrofizinom (microcyteme-protheine). Ho ekelletsa moo, ho tsamaisoa ikutloeleng ho lobe morao tsa hypophysis le ho ipokellela ka methapo ea kutlo hypothalamic. Ha ho hlokahala tloha moo o ne a kena maling. Adh secretion e angoa ke:

1. khatello ea mali (BP).
2. ea lero la mali osmolarity.
3. Moqolo oa mali ajoa ka 'mele.

litla likokoana-hloko tsa li-hormone-ba khahlanong le diuretic

Ha phahameng khatello ea mali secretion ea li-hormone antidiuretic a hatella le lehlakoreng le leng, ho oa ka khatello ea mali ka ho 40% ya tloaelehile vasopressin tswakana ka eketsehile ho tloha ho e tloaelehileng e hlokahalang ea letsatsi le letsatsi ka makhetlo a 100.

ea lero la mali osmolarity e amana ka ho toba le electrolyte hlophisoa mali. Hang ha osmolarity mali oela tlase melao-motheo ea bonyane se amohelehang, e qala eketsehile ka makhetlo kabo ya vasopressin ka mali. Le ho eketseha ha lero la mali osmolality holimo ho lumeletsoe ditlwaelo monna nyoriloe. A tshebediso ya ngata ea mokelikeli patelang batho le pula ea li-hormone e. Ka tsela eo, ho sireletsoa e etsoang ke dehydration.

Kamoo antidiuretic hormona susumetsa phetoho ka bophahamo ba modumo ea e potoloha mali? Ha a maholohali a ho lahleheloa ke mali a receptors khethehileng sebakeng sa atrium le letšehali 'me a bitsa volyumoretseptorami araba ea fokotseha ka bophahamo ba modumo ea mali le khatello ea mali lerotholi. pontšo ena kena neurohypophysis le hlaphoheloa vasopressin eketseha. Hormone le fana ka bohato ka methapo ea mali le receptors bona ho sesefatsa le lumen. Sena thusa hore ho ea cessation ea mali 'me ka ho eketsehileng ho thibela ho a akhela khatello ea mali.

Ditlolo tsa tswakana le secretion ea Adh

mafu tsena ka 'na ba amanang le palo e lekaneng ea vasopressin kapa feteletseng lona. Ka mohlala, le lefu la tsoekere insipidus ho na le boemo bo sa lekaneng ba Adh, ha lefu Constantin Ion Parhon overabundance lona.

lefu la tsoekere insipidus

Ka lefu lena, renal reabsorption ya metsi decreases haholo. Sena se ka ho go tlhofofadiwa ke maemo a mabeli:

1. Lokelang secretion ea vasopressin - ha ho tluoa tabeng ea lefu la tsoekere insipidus se hlahang ho yona bohareng.
2. Fokotswa liphio arabela Adh - sena se etsahala ha neurogenic mofuta o mong oa lefu la tsoekere insipidus.

Bakuli ba nang le ena bolwetse letsatsi diuresis a ka finyella dilitara tse 20. Moroto ntse tlase mahloriso. Bakuli ba nako le nako ka nyoroa 'me ba noa e ngata mokelikeli. Ho fumana hore na mofuta ofe ya foromo e ba le lefu la tsoekere insipidus mamello se utloa bohloko, sebelisa manaka a hormona vasopressin - sethethefatsi "Desmopressin". Phello phekolo ea lithethefatsi e bontša feela ka foromo bohareng ea lefu lena.

lefu la lokelang antidiuretic secretion hormona

Ho e boetse e bitsoa lefu la secretion sa lokelang tsa Adh. Lefu lena le e tsamaea le secretion ka tsela e feteletseng ea vasopressin, ha ho na le ke tsa fokotswa osmotic khatello e ea lero la mali mali. Ka tsela eo ho na le matšoao a latelang:

• Muscle twitching le mahlaba.
• Ho nyekoa ke pelo, ho hloka takatso ea lijo, khoneha ho hlatsa.
• Khoneha lethargy, coma.

boemo ba le mamello oa soahlamana ha 'mele mokelikeli (entoe kapa ka senoa-mapholi). Ha thibelo e mpe ea ho noa mokelikeli le khanselwa intravenous Infusion bakuli ka kokobetse.

Seo matšoao a bontša boemo bo sa lekaneng ba vasopressin?

Ha antidiuretic hormona e tsa maiketsetso ka phepelo e khutšoanyane, batho ba ka 'na ba:

• nyoriloe haholo.
• Kgafetsa ho ntša metsi.
• Omile tsa letlalo, e leng lula a hatela pele.
• Ho hloka takatso ea lijo.
• Mathata le pampitšana gastrointestinal (gastritis, colitis, pipitlelano).
• Mathata a le boemong ba ho kopanela liphate. Banna ba - fokotswa potency ka basali - mafu matsatsing.
• Foleng mokhathala.
• Eketseha intracranial khatello.
• Fokotswa Pono.

Joalokaha ho bontšitsoe ke ea fokotseha ea Adh?

Ho fokotseha ha vasopressin mali a ka etsahala maemong a latelang:

• Central lefu la tsoekere insipidus.
• Nephrotic lefu.
• Psychogenic polydipsia.

ke eng matsoao a eona ntlha ho eketsehileng secretion ea Adh?

• Fokotswa letsatsi diuresis (moroto tlhahiso ea).
• phaello ea boima ba 'mele ka takatso ea botona kapa tsa fokotswa.
• Lethargy le ho tsekela.
• Hlooho.
• Ho nyekoa ke pelo le ho hlatsa.
• Muscle mahlaba.
• diso tse fapa-fapaneng tsa tsamaiso ea methapo ea kutlo.
• robala meferefere.

Tlas'a hore na maemo a keketseho lemohiloeng ka boemo ba Adh?

Ho eketseha ha vasopressin ka 'na ho ketekoa ka pathologies tšoauoa ka secretion ka tsela e feteletseng ea li-hormone, ba ile ba kenyelletsa:

• Julien-Barre lefu.
• Hill hlobaetsang porphyria.

Ho phaella moo, ho ka etsahala tlas'a maemo a latelang:

• hlahala bokong (mathomo kapa metastases).
• mafu a tšoaetsanoang ea boko.
• mafu Vascular ea boko.
• Tuberculous meningitis.
• Pneumonia.

Antidiuretic hormona - moo inehele?

E mong oa mekhoa e atlehang ka ho fetisisa bakeng sa boikemisetso ba Adh maling ke radioimmunoassay (RIA). E tšoanang le ho fumana hore na osmolarity tsa lero la mali mali. and analysis ka etsoang ka setsi sa leha e le efe endocrinology. litleliniking tse ngata poraefete hape etsa ditshekatsheko joalo. Mali a ileng a sebelisana tloha mothapo e ka methapo ntle o bolokang efe kapa efe.

Pele fana ka puo ea mali ho hormone antidiuretic e lokela ho ba 10-12 hora khefu ka lijo. 'Meleng le kelellong ho imeloa kelellong bosiung ba monehelo mali li ka sotha and analysis ena. Sena se bolela hore letsatsi pele ho fana ka puo ea tshekatsheka le e bohlale ha ho kopanela mosebetsi o boima boima ba 'mele, ha ho ba le seabo dikgaisano lipapali, ha se ho nka litlhahlobo, joalo-joalo

Lithethefatsi tse ka eketsa boemo ba Adh, e lokela ho felisoa. Haeba ena ke ke ha khoneha ka lebaka leha e le efe, mefuta kopo ho hlokahala hore ho bolela ka ho toba hore na ba sebelisa lithethefatsi kapa e ne e sebelisoa, ha le ka lethal dose seo. Sotha boemo ba sebele ba Adh ka lithethefatsi tse latelang:

• estrogens;
• robetse lipilisi;
• thethefatsang;
• ea kelello;
• "Morphine";
• "Oxytocin";
• "Cyclophosphamide";
• "Carbamazepine";
• "Vincristine";
• "Hlorpropamid";
• "Chlorothiazide";
• "Lithium carbonate".

Analysis tsa li-hormone antidiuretic ka nkoa ha pejana ho beke e 'ngoe ka mor'a e radioisotope kapa ho etsa liphuputso radiological.

Thutong ena re lumella hore re phapang nephrogenic lefu la tsoekere insipidus le pituitary lefu la tsoekere insipidus le syndromes tšoauoa ka secretion ka tsela e feteletseng ea Adh.