Nature Area tsa Ukraine: steppe, moru-steppe, moru e tsoakiloeng, lithaba

E mong le e ba libaka tsa tlhaho tsa Ukraine e na le ho tšoana ho bobeli le ba bang, 'me ho se tšoane totobetse. Naheng e 'ngoe, ho na le meru e tsoakiloeng le moru-steppe,' me lithaba, 'me steppe. A re hlahlobeng e mong le libaka ka thoko.

Zone tsoakane meru

Ho ae phethang karolo e ka leboea ea naha. Holim 'ka go tlhaolega e bataletse. Lebitso la sebaka sena ea Seukraine Polissya. Ena ke naha ea linoka, mokhoabo oo le matša. Ho na le matamo a maiketsetso, ho kholo ka ho fetisisa ba bona ba - the Kiev pokello. Selemo mona ke haholo pholileng le metsi lehlabula, mofuthu (phahameng bochaba Letsatsi iphuthumatsa lefatše hantle), hoetla pula e, nakong ea mariha ha ho bata haholo, lehloa, thaws. Ka lebaka la chelete e khōlō ea pula ea nōkeng e tletseng (polovodnye), le likhohola tse ka khonehang ea selemo, ka nako e telele. Sena libaka tsa tlhaho tsa Ukraine ke haholo metsi. Thawed le metsi pula, percolating butle mobung, etsa mokhoabong. Ho na le matša a mangata le linōkeng. Ba fepa melapo e mengata ea ho bakoang ke ho lokolloa ha tlase ho lefatshe ho holim'a metsi.

Limela le tšekamelo tiers: The holimo - lifate, mahareng - lihlahla (undergrowth), e tlase - joang bo le li-fungus.

Karolong e ka leboea e hapa haholo-holo phaene le dieike. Ho ea ka boroa, ho phaella ho lifate tsena, ho na le tsa birch, hornbeam, Aspen, Linden, alder, maple leaf. Undergrowth ho etsa barberry, bb, e hlaha a ema, raspberry, Hazel. Libakeng mokhoabong hangata fumana blueberries le cranberries.

mathoasong a selemo "bula" snowdrop, Anemone, Corydalis, Scilla Difolia. Ka mor'a tsona ho na le ho robala-joang, bopherese, likhahla tsa phula, e mapheong. Ke ea lehlabula meru ke feela moriti-mamella le mongobo-lerato dimela (mosses, ferns, hlaha ginger ka). Har'a dimela le ntseng le hōla ka metshetshe le clearings kopana moluoane-setlama, valerian, chamomile, ho hlaha setoto St. ea Johanne, Yarrow, tansy. makhasi Deciduous hoetla le dimela shoa theha thoeng matlakala, e lule e mongobo. Qetellong o ile a bola, ea e- fatše nonneng. The liphoofolo etsa bobeli liphoofolo tse phytophage (mebutlanyana, litoeba, likhama, Roe likhama, likhama, bison) le phofu (hedgehogs, bokotokwe, lipela, likolobe tse hlaha). Ka matangoana le monyaka rarolla muskrats, li-beaver, otters. Lakes linōka ruileng litlhapi. Related to newts metsi, joang linoha, lihoho. Ka metshetshe le ka merung ea mokholutsoane e phelang 'me ba kopana le linoha. A ngata ea likokoanyana ipatile makhapetla, lekhasi matlakala le dimela ke e ratoa bakeng sa linonyana, tseo boholo ba tsona e khutlela ka selemo ho tloha mofuthu (orioles, nightingale, flycatcher, cuckoos, starlings). Bolted le moru matša hlaha likhantsi, mekotatsie e tšoeu, cranes bohlooho, likoekoe. Har'a baahi - woodpecker kgolo, ea bohlooho sephooko, lehong grouse, Hazel grouse, o motsho grouse. Bakeng sa paballo ya le tokafatso ea tlhaho thehilwe mehloli (Rivne, Poleski le ba bang.). Ho fapana batla ho tswa ho tse ling o ile a hlalosa libaka tsa tlhaho tsa Ukraine.

morung-steppe

Le hōle ho tswa ho moru e tsoakiloeng ka boroa ho na le libakeng tse treeless - steppe. sebakeng sena tsa tlhaho o bitsoa morung-steppe ea Ukraine. Mona, le mariha selemong bata tekano le lehlabula tse mofuthu. The pula e ka tlaase ho moo. Mobu - ba batsho lefatše. maemo a tsa tlhaho tse e tšoanelang haholo bakeng sa boholo ba dimela ho hlaoleloa le hlaha. Sikarisa baithuti maikarabelo bogolosegolo lepolanka mokhoa o sa fellang e tsoakiloeng. Liphoofolo li tšoana le ka libaka ea meru e tsoakiloeng. Ho fapane haholo ho tloha tse ling tse libaka tsa tlhaho tsa Ukraine nkoa mona - ka steppe. Ho ae phethang ho fetisisa ka har'a naha.

steppe

Ka boroa ho maoatle tse peli (Black, Azov) 'me ho tloha libaka moru otlolla sebakeng Prairie. holim'a lona e ka go tlhaolega a bataletseng, ka libalaka, likhohlo, maralla. Letsatsi le chaba mona ka hodimo ho le joalo, libaka ena ea tlhaho Ukraine (steppe) tšoauoa ka e le boemo ba leholimo a chesang. The lehlabula ke sa le e ngata ho futhumala. The pula e ka tlaase ho moo. Hoetla e mofuthu, le halofo ea ya pele ya ho omileng, bobeli - pula. Mariha le lehloa e nyenyane, e khutšoanyane, a batang. Ka lebaka la ho phahama bohale mocheso mongobo hore soaks mobung, e pshang kateng ka potlako. meea e khafetsa etelloa pele ke komello. Batang haholo la mariha meea e ke sesosa sa ho blizzard le sefefo. Ba timetsa mobu o nonneng.

Ka masabasabeng ea linōka tse khōlō phalla. Danube Delta ruileng ka matša a hloekileng metsi a le Black Sea lebōpong le - letsoai estuaries. matamo 'maloa (Cascades) Ho hahoa ka Dnieper.

Dimela di go tlhaolega herbaceous. lifate lihlahla a fumanoa ka likhohlo le haufi mabōpong a 'mele metsi a - feela ho na le e mongobo lekana.

Ka mathoasong a selemo sa steppe e khanyang le mebala-bala. Mobu ka nako ena e ntse e le mongobo ka ho lekaneng, le dimela tse ngata phutholoha haholo. Mona 'me le hyacinths le irises le Adonis, le crocuses, le poppie le lalele le peonies. Peō ea limela fa pele mocheso tlhōrō. Ba bang ba ba "reset" tsa fatše (it-shoa). Metso tsoela pele ho ipokellela mongobo le limatlafatsi tse ngata: selemong se latelang ba boela lehlōmela 'me e thunye.

Hang ho na le ho feta sa shoeng, dimela undemanding: fescue, lengana, masiba joang. Ka ba bang ba hairy makhasi moqotetsane, ba bang ba - ka metso ka nako e telele e lumellang u ho fetisetsa mocheso le ho haella ha metsi. Ke bohareng ba bo-lehlabula 'me dimela qala ho omella. Moea, picking ba nyoloha 'me o bilikisa lefeelleng, sisinya tsoa dipeo. Sena se bonahala libaka tsa tlhaho tsa Ukraine ho elella bofelong ba lehlabula 'me o moputsoa le uninviting. The lefatše phoofolo e futsanehileng ho feta ka morung. Liphoofolo tse ngata ho ba le tšobotsi khanya 'mala o mosehla, e le hore ba ka tlase bonahaleng har'a fifetseng, joang tshehla. Boholo ba bona ba phela ka epa. E boholo ba litoeba: litoeba, jerboa, gophers, marmots, hamsters. Nora cheka lipela, liphokojoe, ferrets. mahae a bana ba e boetse e le sebaka sa tsoalo ea le bana, 'me setšabelo,' me sebaka sa hibernation. The epa cheka ke liphoofolo tse nyenyane lule lehlabathe mokholutsoane, marabe, steppe sekolopata.

Ka lebaka la matla a ho tsamaisa kapele balehela ho lira tse ngata steppe linonyana tloaelehang le bustards hanyane bustards.

Ka mathoasong a selemo ka utloa 'mino oa Lark ka. Ya dikgetho le lahla le likoekoe. U ka bona cranes seoelo steppe. E okaokela sepakapakeng phakoe, ntsu, kestrel, harrier. Ba phofu ea ho linonyana tse nyenyane le litoeba.

Ka masabasabeng le phela likokoanyana tse ngata: marutle, lirurubele, marutle, maleshoane. Ba fepa ka likarolong tse sa tšoaneng tsa semela, hammoho le furu e ntseng e bakeng sa sehahabi, lihahabi, linonyana.

Ka lebaka la paballo ea sebakeng sena ba bōptjoa mehloli e kang steppe Seukraine, Askania Nova, Lugansk.

le lithabeng Carpathian

Nkoa karolelano bophahamo. Thehoa ke mekoloko lithaba. Pakeng tsa bona larileng ka e le phuleng e bohehang haholo. Ho marotholi a mangata pula: lehloa - lipula tsa mariha - ka boemo ba leholimo bo mofuthu. Ke ka lebaka leo ho na le hangata e meroallo. Nka lithabeng simoloha melapo le linōka tse ngata. Har'a bona - le Dniester le kepala le melatswana khōlō. Fumanoang ka Carpathians le tse nyenyane ka nako e tšoanang tebileng haholo kristale hlakile matša.

Ka matsoapo a jala meru deciduous tsa eike, hornbeam, Linden, maple leaf, beech. Ka holimo - batang, ho na le phaene (Norway phaene, kalse mohbat) moru o se tsoakileng. Underbrush foromo rosehips, Hazel, bb le raspberry. Metshetshe le clearings koahela dimela herbaceous, ba bangata - lithethefatsi. li-fungus tse ngata (mahe a linotši agaric, tšoeu, Aspen, oli, boletuses joalo-joalo).

Liphoofolo ka Carpathians li tšoana le lithoteng tsa. khama ena, hares, liphokojoe, liphiri, Martens, otters, likolobe-moru tse hlaha, lipela, bokotokwe. Linonyana - grouse, grouse, bona bushbaby, ba batsho le ba crested tits, tse ngata tse fallang songbirds linonyana.

Ho na le liphoofolo, etsahalang bogolosegolo ka Carpathian Mountains: sootho libere, likatse tse hlaha, Kangna. Ea linonyana - mekotatsie e ntšo, lintsu, lintsu, woodpecker ntšo, Short-se menoana e Eagle. Feela lithabeng tsena phela ka lent Carpathian, lehloa vole, lehong grouse Carpathian.

Ho boloka libaka ena ea tlhaho ea mehloli Ukraine thehilwe (Gorgany, Carpathian).