Liphutuho tsoang linaheng tse ling ba lebotho Russia

Ka mor'a ho hlōloa ho ntoa tsa liketso tsa sesole Napoleon o ne ikemiseditse ho ho lelekoa ha ho French ba tsoang linaheng tse Europe Bophirimela. Ka tsela eo ile a qala liphutuho tsoang linaheng tse ling ba lebotho Serussia. 1812 e ne e le qalo ea mokhatlo oa sesole. Ho sa tsotellehe ho hlōloa ho, masole a Napoleon o ne ba ntse ba le matla ka ho lekaneng.

liphutuho tsoang linaheng tse ling tsa Serussia oa sesole ea ka 1813 ile a lumella ho tlosa ho tloha tšimong eo French tsa Poland le Vistula. O ile a laela mabotho a Russia, Field Marshal Kutuzov. Nakong ea lintoa mose ho maoatle oa lebotho Russia Kutuzov Kalisz ile a saena tumellano ea ka Serussia Prussian selekane khahlanong Napoleon. tumellano ena e tšoaea ho qaleha ha a entseng selekane botšelela khahlanong le French. selekane sena se tshehetswa ke lichaba European, emelang ntoa khahlanong le joko ea Napoleon.

liphutuho tsoang linaheng tse ling tsa Serussia lebotho la ka kopanelo le masole Prussian o ile a qala ho elella bofelong ba March. Jeremane, ho pharaletseng li ne li senolehile likhukhuni mokhatlo oa ka ka morao ya French. makhotla a Russia batho ba sebaka seo o ile a amohela ka liberators. Ka bohareng ba bo-April ea selemo e tšoanang (ka 1813), Napoleon concentrates batho ba ka bang 200 tse sekete khahlanong le masole a Russia-Prussian bo itekanetseng tse ka bang 92 tse sekete. Ka nako eo, masole a Russia a laetse ka Wittgenstein (ka mor'a lefu la Kutuzov), ka mor'a boeta-pele ba lebotho la fetisetsoa Barclay de Khao Tolly.

Entseng selekane (Russia le Prussia) hlōla pele la 20 April ka Lutzen, May 8-9, moo ho Bautzen. liphutuho tsoang linaheng tse ling ba lebotho Russia e ile ea fela ha saena tsa Armistice (23 May). E ile ea nka ho fihlela 29 July.

Ka lipuisano le Napoleon sebetsa e le intermediary Austria. Leha ho le joalo, ba ne ba atleha. Ka lebaka leo, 'muso oa Austria le France neelwe likamano tsohle. Napoleon entsoeng khahlanong le Sweden, tse amanang le 'muso oa Russia ka 1812 konteraka. Le Russia le Prussia etsa qeto ea kopano e United Kingdom, ho ba fa go tlamelwa ka madi. Teplice lilekane (ka 1813, September 28) li ne li saennweng pakeng tsa entseng selekane le Austria, kapele ba ile ba ke bonngoeng le United Kingdom.

Kahoo, ho ne ho ka 492.000 batho ba tlang letšolo la mose ho maoatle ba Russia makhotla a Selekane mabotho (Russian 173,000). Kaofela ha bona ba ne ba momahane ka mabotho a mararo. About 237 likete masole a ile a kena lebothong la Bohemian. O ile a laela Austria Field Marshal Schwarzenberg. About 100 likete batho ba entseng Silesian Army Blücher (Field Marshal la Prussia). Ka holimo ho 150 tse likete tse batho ba o ile a tla Army Northern, e neng e laela Bernadotte (Seswedishe Crown Prince). Hamburg ile kgethilweng ke 'mele oa ka thoko, e bopilweng ka batho ba 30 sekete.

Ka nako e tšoanang e le lesole lebothong Napoleon o ne e ena le masole a 440.000. Karolo e khōlō ea mabotho a sona sesole sebakeng Saxony.

Phato ka 1813 tšoaea ho stats-khopisang tsa Selekane mabotho. Bohemian lebotho la 14 le 15 August ile a hlōla ntoeng (Dresden ea ntoeng) le mabotho a ka sehloohong tsa French. masole a Napoleon o ne a batla ho phehella regiments hlōloa, empa rearguard Russia lahlela sera ka ntoa ea Kulm (17-18 August). mabotho a French tlas'a taelo ea Macdonald o ile a hlōla ntoeng e le lebotho la Silesia le Northern Army hlōla mabotho a Oudinot.

Ho hlōloa ha lebotho la Napoleon o etsahetse ka mor'a phetoho ea ho akaretsang Selekane khopisang. ntoa ena (Leipzig) e ne e le ho tswa ho ea bone ho ea bosupa ea la October ka 1813.

Bakiloeng tsa masole French ile mose ho Rhine. Ka Hamburg, ho ne ho e pota-potiloe ke Davout.

Ka lebaka la le atlehileng. mabotho bohato sesole ho kopantswe ea selekane le Napoleon o ile a tlameha ho tlohela Denmark saenelwa le UK le Sweden, e lilekane khotso ka 1814. Ho phaella moo, Denmark tlameha ho kena ntoeng e khahlanong le French.

Ka mor'a moo, lebotho la Napoleon o ne a lelekoa Netherlands. E 'ngoe ea liphello tse bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa liphutuho tsa ka 1813 e ne e le ho lokolloa ha Jeremane ho tloha ba tlil'o hlaseloa French.