Lefapha la Batho ke ... Histori ea mokhatlo. Litsela tsa Batho ba Tlohelang Likolo

People's Commissariat ke mokhatlo o phahameng ka ho fetisisa oa tsamaiso ea mmuso. O ne a ikemiselitse ho aba tšebetso ea makala a fapaneng a moruo oa naha pakeng tsa li-commissars tsa sechaba (hona joale ke basebeletsi) le basebeletsi ba bang ba mmuso.

Histori ea Thuto

Qalong, People's Commissariats e bōpiloe ka 1917 ho All-Russian Congress of Soviets. Mekhatlo eohle e sa tsoa bōptjoa e ne e le karolo ea 'muso oa Soviet, oo ka nako eo o neng o etelitsoe ke Lenin VI.

Ka 1918, Molaotheo oa RSFSR o ile oa hlahisa tsamaiso ea Batho ba Lefapha la Boikarabello ba Batho, e hlalositseng hore na "People's Commissariat", e hlalosang sephiri, sepheo, tshebetso, joalo-joalo. Joale ho ne ho e-na le liofisi tsa batho ba 18 liofising tsohle tsa naha.

Hona joale ka 1922, ha USSR e thehoa , liphetoho tse ngata li entsoe tsamaisong ena. Palo ea li-commissariats e ile ea fokotsoa ho ba leshome, empa e koahela Soviet Union ka ho feletseng. Karolo ea bona e ile ea fetoha-Khomong, 'me karolo e' ngoe e kopane. Ka 1923, Melao ea Batho ba Lefapha la Boipheliso ba Batho e ile ea fanoa, moo ho neng ho ngotsoe lintlha mabapi le ho sebelisana ha liofisi tsa sechaba tsa lirephabliki tsa Union. The People's Commissariat, eo tlhaloso ea eona e neng e hatisa khoebo e feletseng, e ne e filoe matla a ho fana ka litaelo, litaelo le litaelo.

Ka 1936, liphetoho tse latelang tsamaisong ea molao-motheo li ile tsa boela tsa ameha ke Batho ba Lefapha la Sechaba - phetoho ea baemeli ba kopanetsoeng ho ba bonngoe-ba republica. Ka hona ho ile ha thehoa li-republiki tse leshome tsa United Union le tse robeli tsa bo-rakhoebo. Ho ntlafatsa moruo oa naha lilemong tse leshome tse tlang ho latela litaba tsa batho ba tlokotsing ho ea ho tse ling hape. 'Me ka 1946 molao o mocha o ile oa fetola mabitso a li-commissariats, hona joale Batho ba Lefapha la Sechaba ke Lekala.

Tsela ea Liofisi Tsa Boipheliso

The People's Commissariat e ne e le sehlopha se ka sehloohong sa tsamaiso ea mmuso ea mefuta e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea bophelo ho USSR. Mookameli oa ofisi e ne e le People's Commissar. Liofisi tsa li-Commissariats tse fapa-fapaneng li ile tsa kopanngoa ho phaella ho Lekhotla la Batho ba Kopaneng. Kopano e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea republica ho ne ho e-na le batho ba bona ba Khoebo le Li-Soviet Union tsa People's Commissars.

Lefapha le leng le le leng la batho le ne le e-na le litšebeletso:

- ho tsamaiso ea litaba;

- koetliso ea basebetsi;

- karolong ea molao;

- litabeng tsa lichelete;

- ho kenyelletsa tlhahisoleseding e hlalositsoeng;

- ho tsamaiso ea mekhatlo ea thuto;

- litabeng tsa molao.

Palo ea basebeletsi e ile ea fihla ho batho ba 150 ho isa ho ba lekholo le leng le le leng ho batho bohle ba Lefapha la Batho.

Litsela

Taelo ea 1917 e hlalositse libaka tse latelang tsa mosebetsi oa Batho's Commissariats:

- litaba tsa ka hare (kapa NKVD);

- temo;

- Thuto ea basebetsi;

- Litaba tsa sesole le tsa metsing;

- leseling;

- Lichelete;

- likamano le linaha tse ling;

- Bobuelli;

- lijo;

- mangolo le telegraph;

- litaba tsa terene.

Ka 1932 batšoaruoa ba bang ba bararo ba ile ba ikopanya le bona: indasteri e boima, e khanyang le ea lifate.

Mesebetsi ea li-commissars tsa batho

People's Commissariat ke karolo ea tsamaiso ea mmuso, ka hona, moputso oa batsamaisi ba phahameng o lokela ho ba o phahameng ho ea ka likhopolo tsa morao-rao. Leha ho le joalo, ka nako eo lintho li ne li fapane: ka November 1917, Lenin o ile a saena taelo e mabapi le mosebetsi oa li-commissars tsa batho le basebetsi ba bang ba sechaba.

Tlas'a tharollo ena, batho ba bang ba Commissar ba fumane ruble tse 500 ka khoeli. Haeba litho tsa lelapa la hae li ne li kenyeletsa baahi ba nang le bokooa (bana, bafani ba penshene kapa batho ba nang le bokooa), joale motho e mong le e mong ea lemaletseng lithethefatsi o ne a lefshoa li-ruble tse 100 khoeli le khoeli. Ka litlaleho tsohle, chelete ea lelapa la People's Commissar e ne e lekana le chelete ea basebetsi ba tloaelehileng.

The People's Commissariat ke tlhaloso ea "baholo-holo" ba litšebeletso tse teng le tse sebetsang, mohaho le mosebetsi oa oona o bolokiloeng ka lilemo tse lekholo 'me o etsa liphetoho tse nyane feela.