Ke lintho life tse khethollang Russia ho penta ea lekholong la lilemo la XX?

Lilemong tsa bo-XX tlile motsotso ha bonono tsohle retelehela ho avant-garde. 'Me haeba u botsa, ke litsobotsi life khetholla ea Russia tsebo ea ho nako e tsoang ho lona linaheng tse ling, re ka bua ka kannete-nete hore baetsi ba litšoantšo tsohle ba chesehela avant-garde, e fetoletsoe ho tloha ho bolela French "ho vanguard".

History tsebang le mehlala e mengata ea kamoo linako bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa, ha ke phetoho ea epochs, motho ka mong a ho bōpa qala ho bopa motsamao khōlō etselitsoeng ho hlahloba liketsahalo tlas'a porisime fapaneng. Leha ho le joalo, ho XX lekholong la lilemo la e ne e le ntlheng ena e le ketsahalo ea bohlokoa.

Ho qaleha ha avant-garde

Mehato ea pele ea baemeli ba Russia avant-garde ho oa ka 1907, ha e ne e bōptjoa bonono mokgatlo "Blue Rose", ho bokana ha benghali ba o ile a lumela ea mocha o-primitivism le tšoantšetso. Tsena mekhoa bonono katoa borokho ho tataiso feletseng e ncha ka bonono - avant-garde. Pele bonono baemeli ba e khanyang ea mokhatlo oa sena e ne e le Kazimir Malevich, Larionov le Goncharov, bao mesebetsi ea bona ke ho Moscow Musiamo oa Modern Art.

Ke lintho life tse khethollang Russia ho penta ea lekholong la lilemo la XX? E ne e le mona pele qaptjoa lentsoe "avant-garde" - e ile a fa lefatše Benoit, makatsang ke hore e hlalosang mosebetsi oa baetsi ba litšoantšo botsoalleng pōpo "Jack ea litaemane", eo ka 1910 a hlahisa ho bamameli ka pontšo "Artists 'Union" e le popontshwa pele ho tloha ntlha botekgeniki maikutlo setšoantšong. Ho tloha ka nako e fetohile lumela hore lintho tsena tse tsohle li be ncha tšimong ena e matleng a hae ho benghali ba Russia ba borashe le.

Baemeli ba Russia avant-garde

Features ya ho penta Russia ea lekholo la bo20 la lilemo. hoo a simoloha ho avant-garde ke khopolo e sephara, athe motheong ona ba hlaha le ho feta e ncha stylistic tataiso. Ho joalo, ho etsa mohlala, tse ngata Russia baetsi ba litšoantšo ba ka ka mosebetsi oa hae phehella ea ka neano ea modernism European: Cubism, Suprematism, go itlhamela kgopolo, libalaka, Fauvism le Futurism. Baemeli hlaheletseng ka ho fetisisa ea Russia mekhatlo avant-garde ne Kandinsky le Malevich. Ba ile ba ema ka tšimoloho ea ho hlaha ha ketsahalo ena selotlolo faceted bonono le fetohile "tlolang molao" tsoalo ea brainchild hae - abstractionism.

Inahaneloang bonono ke inahaneloang bonono, moo moetsi oa litšoantšo ea sebedisa ho emela feela maikutlo a bona amanang ka sa ntho ea sebele, ho qoba ho canons ea ho penta classic. Ka sehloohong bonono elements tsa setaele - e 'mala, e thusang ho fa beng ba lehare maikutlo.

Pele ba ka tsoela pele teko e tšoanang e ne e le Kandinsky. maikutlo a lona lefatše e ne e le ho fetisa ho moloko oa batho hore li ka hoheloa ka seile 'mino, ho na le' mala a eona 'me e na le mofuta o ka thōko.

From inahaneloang ho Suprematism

penta Russia e ile ntse liphetoho a sebetsang a nakong ea mathoasong a lekholo la bo20 la lilemo. Hang ka 1909, Kandinsky pele hlahiswa ho bahlahlobisisi hlahloba pele ka mosebetsi oa hae e sa bonahaleng, e ne e le ho tloaelana hae le Kazimir Malevich, ea ileng a le hoja e ne e le Fan khōlō tsa letho le lecha, empa, leha ho le joalo, a tsoela pele ho lula ba le tlas'a tšusumetso ea Impressionism. From ntlha ena ka mosebetsi oa moetsi oa litšoantšo a qala ho feta metamorphosis, eo ka 1913 a mo bontša ka moemeli oa Cubo-Futurism.

Ha nako e ntse, Malevich hang hape o ile a bontša hore na likarolo khetholla ea Russia tsebo ea ho tse lekholo tse XX - e e-ba mothehi oa le lecha stylistic tataiso, e bitsoang Suprematism. The tšobotsi khethollang ya mokhoa ona e ne e le 'nete ea hore dibopeho likhutlo li' nè a kenyelletsoa ka likarolo tse ngata mosebetsing motheo. Ha e le hantle, Suprematism - mofuta o mong oa khemise, joalokaha ho e na le lona makgetheng ipatlele tšoanang:

• pointlessness;
• ho hloka bokgoni;
• thutatekanyo (bao e seng ea HIV a ka hlahisa leha e le efe sebopeho thutatekanyo, empa karolo e bohareng ea setšoantšong ke khutlonne);
• asymmetry.

Malevich lumela hore Suprematism ke motjha sefofane tsa bonono, e leng bonolo ho li fumana kutloisiso ea mofuta o mocha oa baetsi ba litšoantšo ba 'nileng ka khona ho pholoha leeme la nakong e fetileng. Ke lintho life tse khethollang Russia penta mehleng eo? Ho ea ka baemeli ba Suprematism ke bokhoni ba ho utloisisa boemo ba ka e phahameng ea bonono, ho ithuta ho dipharologanyo le statics tsa sebaka ka ho fokotsa sebaka.