Bobuddha Russia. Lichaba tsa Russia, ba ipolelang Bobuddha

sebaka bolumeli ba Federation ea Russia e sa tšoaneng haholo. Occupying sebakeng se seholo haholo le kopanya ka tlas'a taolo ea eona ea lipolotiki ea e khōlō lichaba tse ngata le lihlopha tsa merabe, naha ke sebaka moo ho na le lineano tse fapaneng le malumeli a bochabela le e ka bophirimela, leboea le boroa. Bokreste le Boislamo - tse peli tse tsoang malumeling lefatše, ho tloaelehile boemo ba rōna. Hammoho le bona, 'me ea boraro e emeloang, e leng e ba ipolelang hore ke batho ba bangata ba Russia - Bobuddha. About moo bolumeli ena ke atile naheng ea habo rōna, 'me re tla bua ka ho eketsehileng.

Bobuddha Russia

Bobuddha - ka tumelo e ikhethang, ha ho fapana le tse ling tse leha e le efe. Ka hare likolo tse fapa-fapaneng Buddhist le maqhubu a boela fapana haholo. simolohile e tlameha ho nang le tsusumetso ea bolumeli ea India, ka letsoalloa hae Bobuddha lahlehileng boima ba sona. Kajeno, linaheng tsa moetlo ipolelang Bobuddha, ke Korea, Japane, China, Nepal, 'me batho ba bang, har'a tse ikhethang Tibet. Ho fihlela joale, Bobuddha ho Russia e emeloang hoo e batlang e tsohle tse malumeli kgolo Buddhist. Har'a bona ho na le likolo tse fapaneng tsa Mahayana, Vajrayana, Theravada, Zen, Chan le tse ling tse ngata tsa setso le sa mokgatlo haholo. Leha ho le joalo, boholo ba batho ba tloaetseng ho etsa Bobuddha Russia, ke litho tsa neano Tibetan bolumeli.

Buddhist Russia Ethnography

Re fana ka ho araba potso e reng: seo lichaba Buddhist Russia kajeno?

Ka lebaka la liketsahalo tsa lipolotiki le mabitso a batho bao kagiso ya, Bobuddha pele o nka motso har'a Kalmyks le Tuvan. E ileng sa etsahala lilemong tsa bo-XVI, ha sebaka sa lirephabliki tsena hammoho le batho ba neng ba le baahi ba ne e le litho tsa Mongolian boemo Altan Khan. Lilemo tse lekholo hamorao, Bobuddha ile tsebisoa Buryatia, moo o ka katleho gaisanwang le bolumeli ea neano ea nomads Siberia - shamanism, kapa ho seng joalo tengrizmom.

Bobuddha ka Buryatia

Buryatia - rephabliki ea Russia eo meeli qalang ho tloha mabōpong le e ka bochabela ea Lake Baikal. Ntse khomaretse ea Russia Empire, e ne e le manganga ho Russification le Bokreste qojoa. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, e haufi le setso, khoebo le lipolotiking maqhama le Mongolia, 'me ka e le Tibet, o ile a atile har'a lithuto Buryat Buddhist. Pele datsans Lejoe mona ho ile ha hahoa lilemong tsa bo-XVIII.

Leha har'a Buddhist lichaba Buryats - ea bobeli, ea neng a bolumeli ba, kajeno ba emela bongata Buddhist le emela Bobuddha Russia. Buryatia ke setsi sa taolo a ea Serussia Bobuddha - Buddhist Traditional Chopra ea Russia, hammoho le ea litempelana khōlō le libaka tsa borapeli. Ntho e ka sehloohong har'a tsona ke Ivilginski sebeletsa tempeleng - the ea bolulo ea yaga y mackie Hambo Lama - le moeta-pele ea moea ea karolo e khōlō ea Russia Mabuddha.

Hammoho le Bobuddha, har'a Buryat sa ka toka tloaelehile hore batho ba ke shamanism setso, kapa seo ho thoeng ke Chernaya Vera.

Bobuddha ka Tuva

Tuva, se rephabliki, e ileng ea amoheloa ka Serussia qalong ea lekholo la lilemo la XX, e leng ka 1911. Tuva kajeno ba ipolela tsela e tšoanang e le thuto ea hore Buryats - the Mahayana neano ea Tibetan Bobuddha. Leha ho le joalo, e ne e se kamehla: litsi pele ea ho ruta Buddhist, haholo-holo ka sebopeho sa Hinayana, ka sebakeng sa Tuva, hlaha ka II lekholong la lilemo la BC, nakong ea khanate Turkic. Hamorao meloko Tuvan ne Uighurs ikokobelletsa ba pholositseng naha ea Tuva Turki. Uighurs ipolelang bolumeli Manichaean Leha ho le joalo, phihlelo tšusumetso ea Bobuddha. Ntshetse pele ngotsoeng, Uyghur litsebi ba ile ba qala ho mafolofolo fetolela litemana tsa Buddhist tloha lipuo Machaena le Sogdian. Ha nako e ntse, e bafetoleli lebeletse ho treatises Tibetan, e ikemiselitse ho busa ka ho eketsehileng Tibetan neano. mokhoa ona o ne a matlafatsoa lilemong tsa bo-XIII, tšusumetso ea mesuoe eo Mongolian ba ile ba amohela Buddhist neano ea Tibetan lamas.

The a baitlami pele ba ne ba e hahiloeng ka Tuva ka 1772 le 1773, ka ho latellana. Leha baahi Buddhist tsa Tuva haholo khomarela lesikeng la Gelug e, ho nka baruti monastic, lineano ea moo matla a nyetsoe ke lamas Institute, e leng tšobotsi ea eona e ikhethang. Joaloka Buryatia, Tuva ka mabaka a bolumeli ba arotsoe ka lihlopha tse peli - shamanists le Mabuddha.

Bobuddha ka Kalmykia

Kalmykia ke feela European sebakeng ka predominance ea baahi Buddhist. Kaha e ne e lefa Bophirimela Mongolian meloko Kalmyk leloko o khutlela Oirats, ho kena liphiri tsa bolumeli ba Buddhist ka leboha XIII lekholong la lilemo la ho kena 'muso oa Genghis Khan. Leha ho le joalo, ka nako ena, Bobuddha e ne e le bolumeli ba feela ea lipolotiki Oirats phahameng sechabeng. The popularization ea ho ruta le har'a baahi ba tloaelehileng le sebelisoang malapeng se etsahala feela ka lilemo tse makholo XVI-XVII. 'Me, joaloka tabeng ea Buryatia le Tuva, Kalmyk Bobuddha hape tšoereng Tibetan lineanong tsa bolumeli. Haholo-holo kamano ena e pakeng tsa Tibet le Kalmykia matlafatsa mora amohela lilemong tse qalang tsa XVII lekholong la lilemo la Oirat moshanyana degeneration ea Boraro Dalai Lama.

Ho ata ha Bobuddha har'a Oirats go tlhofofadiwa ke ho thehoa ha e ka thoko ea merabe Kalmyk. Sebopeho sa ho qetela se akarelletsa Oirat meloko, ba amohela Bobuddha 'me a lokisa ho ea ka bophirimela ka hare ho puso ea Serussia. Ka nako e tšoanang, ho moemphera Russia, Kalmyks thehoa ya taolo ea eona e - Kalmyk Khanate. Ea bobeli e ile ea nka ho fihlela 1771, ha molao-taelo oa Empress Catherine II, e ile ea felisoa. Nakong e tlang, le Bobuddha Kalmyk tsoetseng pele, e fumanweng mekhoa ea sechaba 'me, joaloka Buryat le Tuva Chopra ile a etella pele ntoa ea bolumeli le shamanism.

Bobuddha ka USSR

Mora oa October Phetohelo ea Bobuddha ho Russia e ne e le ho ya mekhoa ebe-elegant tsa moea - renovationism. Tswakana tsa Dharma le Marxism ile reretsoe ho reorganize baahi Buddhist. E le karolo ea mokhatlo oa sena Moscow ka 20-ogy. Esita le e neng e tšoaretsoe ho All-Russia Buddhist Lekhotla. Empa ka nako eo leano mokga bo ile ba fetoha 'me mabapi le mekhatlo ea bolumeli ba ile ba qala boima khatello. Baitlami ne koetsoeng, timetsoa litempele le baruti ba hlorisoa. Ho fihlela poso-ntoa "qhibilihisa" Lichaba tsa Russia, ba ipolelang Bobuddha, re lahlehetsoe ke tse fetang 150 a baitlami. Ka Buryatia tloha 15,000 lamas ke 1948 batho bonyane 600 sala. Mabapi le Tuva le Kalmykia, ebe libakeng tseo ka bobeli, ho na le e ne e le feela tse seng kae dozen baphonyohi ba baruti ho tloha 8000.

Lichaba tsa Russia ba etsang Bobuddha kajeno

Pele Perestroika Buddhist 'mele hokahanya mesebetsi ea mekhatlo ea Buddhist, CBB e neng e le Soviet Union (Central Administration Moea oa Mabuddha tsa USSR). Ka 90s mathoasong a e ile ea rehoa CBB Russia. Joale 'mele ona o bitsoa Buddhist Traditional Chopra ea Russia' me e akarelletsa ho litho tsa bona tse sa Buddhist kopanelo ea Buryatia. Religious litloaelano Tuva le Kalmykia dula ikemetseng. Leha ho le joalo, matla BTSR ka Buryatia le linaheng tse ling baa hlokomela hore hase lintho tsohle. Ka lebaka la ho se tšoane lipolotiki le likhopolo Buddhist Society e undergone letoto la arohana ka 'me ntle Litloaelano tse ka sehloohong na litloaelano tse' maloa le ikemetseng le baahi ba ikemetseng.

Leha ho le joalo, Bobuddha ho Russia e emeloang, joaloka pele, ka boraro libaka kgolo - Buryatia, Tuva le Kalmykia.

baahi ba bang Buddhist Russia

Batho ba Russia, Mabuddha kajeno setso ha bajari feela ea setso Buddhist le lineano. Morao tjena, kereke e ngata itsesewe bocheng e le barutehi. Metseng e meholo tsoela pele ho bula litsi tse sa tšoaneng tsa bolumeli. Har'a bona, ho phaella ho dikolong e tloaelehileng ea Tibetan Bobuddha, ho na le liofisi tsa ba Korean, Sechaena le Japanese Zen Bobuddha, Theravada le Dzogchen. Russia ka lilemo tse seng kae tse fetileng, o ile a etela matichere a ba bangata ba moea. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, compatriots rona hape e ne e le baemeli ba baitlami ba Mabuddha le baruti.

bofello

Feshene ea Bobuddha ho Russia ha se ikhethang, 'me ka tsela ena, naheng ya rona arolelanang e tlwaelehileng European sekgatlhi ea Bochabela. Hangata, ho reka ka bongata, buddofiliya malapeng lahleheloang ka boleng, e leng tletse lintho tse ngata holim phatlalla, bakeng sa ho lema fapaneng ea Bobuddha ho Russia.

Ka nako e tšoanang, Bobuddha - bolumeli Russia e ka ba moetlo e le Bokreste le Boislamo. Ka lebaka leo, boemo ba lona le ditebo nakong e tlang le ea bohlokoa haholo bakeng sa ho ntshetsa pele le atlehileng. ea setso Serussia.